Using R for Introductory StatisticsCHAD BIRGERUNIVERSITY OF SIOUX FALLS

Statistics at USF Courses Taught:

MAT233: Introduction to Statistics

MAT302: Probability and Statistics

Introduction to Statistics Three Main Units:

1. Data and Descriptive Statistics

2. Probability

3. Basic Inferential Statistics

Data Methods of Data Entry:

1. Using a list to enter data:

2. Using the scan() function:

3. Reading in from a database table

Graphing Data Categorical Data:

◦ Table◦ Bar-plot◦ Pie Chart

Numerical Data:◦ Stem-plot◦ Histogram◦ Box-Plot

Measures of Center Mean

Median

Mode

Midrange

Measures of Variation and Position

Sample Variance

Sample Standard Deviation

Quartiles and Quantiles◦ Five-number summary◦ Percentiles◦ Inner Quartile Range

Z-scores

Paired Categorical DataChild

Parent Buckled Unbuckled

Buckled 56 8

Unbuckled 2 16

Paired Numerical Data Scatter-plot of paired data

Correlation Coefficient

Linear Regression Line

Probabilities R has functions built in for most “families”

◦ “d”: Returns the p.d.f. of the distribution◦ “p”: Returns the c.d.f. of the distribution◦ “q”: Returns the quantiles◦ “r”: Returns random samples from a distribution

And Much more Simulation

Confidence Intervals

Significance Tests

Goodness of Fit

Linear Regression

Analysis of Variance

…

Using R Advantages of using R for an Introductory Statistics Course:

◦ Free◦ Programmable◦ Many references available (for FREE)

Disadvantages:◦ Lack of Student Computing Background◦ Not Point-and-Click◦ Using for in-class exams