using .net classes in pb.ppt -...

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Using .NET classes in PowerBuilderPowerBuilder Developers are .NET Developers!

Donald D. [email protected]

Agenda

• Overview of .NET

• Overview of PB .NET

• Using .NET features in PowerBuilder

• Translating C# code snippet to PowerScript

• Consuming Web Services using .NET interop

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Overview of .NETA huge opportunity for PowerBuilder developers

Overview of .NET

A software platform for both desktop and Web• Development

– Object-oriented, event driven programming model– Unify desktop and Web application development

• Deployment– DLL hell– ClickOnce

• SmartClient

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Overview of .NET

A software platform for both desktop and Web• Common Language Runtime

– Garbage collection, security, versioning, etc

• A huge class library– XML, collections, many others

• Applications– Windows Forms– Web Forms– Web services– WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation)– Silverlight (Windows Presentation Foundation/Everywhere)

http://silverlight.net/

Overview of .NET

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Overview of PB .NETRAD tool for developing data-centric .NET applications

Overview of PB .NET

PB .NETCompiler

PowerBuilder .NET Runtime

.NETApplication

Generates

References

PBL FilesSource code

The architecture of PowerBuilder .NET compiler

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Overview of PB .NET


PB .NET Application

PB Native DLLs

The architecture of PowerBuilder .NET applications

.NET Framework

3rd Party .NETAssemblies

Windows 32 Platform

.NET interop

Overview of PB .NET

What can you do with PB .NET• Deploy an application

– As a .NET Windows Forms/SmartClient application– As a .NET Web Forms application

• Deploy an NVO – As a .NET class– As a .NET Web service

• .NET interop

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Overview of PB .NET

Architecture:.NET Web Forms Applications

DB Drivers

DataWindow .NETWebForm Control

PowerBuilder Web Form Application


PowerBuilder ApplicationCompiles to

PB Native DLLs (without PBVM)

Sybase.PowerBuilder.Core.DLL

Sybase.PowerBuilder.Interop.DLL

Sybase.PowerBuilder.Common.DLL

Sybase.PowerBuilder.Web.DLL

PBSHR.DLL

PBDWM.DLL

Overview of PB .NET

Architecture:.NET Windows Forms Applications

DB Drivers

DataWindow .NETWindows Form Control


PowerBuilder ApplicationCompiles to

PB Native DLLs (without PBVM)

Application configApplication manifest




Sybase.PowerBuilder.Win.DLL

PBSHR.DLL

PBDWM.DLL

PowerBuilder WindowsForm Application

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Overview of PB .NET

DataWindow .NET

NVO ASP.NETWeb Service PBLs with NVOs

PowerBuilder .NET RuntimePB Native DLLs (without PBVM)

Architecture:.NET Web Services



Sybase.PowerBuilder.Web.DLL


PBSHR.DLL

DB Drivers

PBDWM.DLL

Compiles to

Overview of PB .NET

DataWindow .NET

NVO .NET Assembly PBLs with NVOs

PowerBuilder .NET RuntimePB Native DLLs (without PBVM)

Architecture:.NET Assemblies



Sybase.PowerBuilder.Win.DLL


PBSHR.DLL

DB Drivers

PBDWM.DLL

Compiles to

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.NET InteroperationConsuming .NET features in PowerBuilder

.NET Interoperation

.NET features that can be consumed in PowerBuilder 11

• Non-generic classes– Instance members– Static members (new enhancement)– Parameterized constructors (new enhancement)

• Non-generic interfaces• Enums• Arrays• Exceptions

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Import .NET Assemblies

Import .NET Assemblies

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.NET Code Block

.NET code block

Type mapping

.NET types PowerBuilder typesBool BooleanByte Byte

Char Char

DateTime DateTimeDecimal Decimal

Double Double

Float RealInt16 Integer

Int32 Long

Int64 LonglongSbyte Sbyte

String String

Uint16 UnsignedintegerUint32 Unsignedlong

Uint64 Unsignedlonglong

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Using .NET classes

Non-generic classes• Instance members

– Methods, fields, properties

• Static members– Methods, fields, properties

• Parameterized constructors

Using .NET classes

Instance members• Methods, fields, properties• Just like accessing PB instance members

system.xml.xmlTextReader readerreader = create system.xml.XmlTextReader(path)…if reader.hasAttributes thenFor i = 0 To reader.AttributeCount - 1reader.MoveToAttribute(i)lb_1.addItem(reader.Name + “: “ + reader.Value)

Nextreader.MoveToElement()

end if

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Using .NET classes

Static members• Methods, fields, properties• Accessing the members on the class.• Not available in Win32 targets

// Current is a static field of class HttpContextSystem.Web.HttpContext contextcontext = System.Web.HttpContext.Current

Using .NET classes

Parameterized constructors• Not available in Win32 targets

String pathPath = “d:\myfolder\foo.xml”

system.xml.xmlTextReader readerreader = create system.xml.XmlTextReader(path)

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Using .NET interfaces

An interface defines a contract• Interfaces don’t contain implementation.• Classes that implement the interface implement the contract.• No static members in interfaces

Just like using .NET classes.

Using .NET enums

Use qualified name

// PB enumerated itemBorderStyle stylestyle = StyleLowered!

// .NET enumSystem.Windows.Forms.BorderStyle stylestyles = System.Windows.Forms.BorderStyle.FixedSingle!

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Using .NET arrays

Three kinds of arrays• Single-dimensional arrays• Multidimensional arrays• Jagged arrays (array of arrays)

All .NET arrays are of type System.Array• All .NET arrays can be accessed using the System.Array class

By default, indices of .NET arrays starts from 0

Using Single-dimensional .NET Arrays

• Declare an array and assign the return value to it

.NET function of class Company: public string[] getEmployees(int department)

PowerScript code:int iString employees[]Employees = l_company.getEmployees(departmentId)For i = 1 to upperBound(employees)lb_1.addItem(employees[i])

next

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Using Multidimensional .NET Arrays

• Difference between .NET arrays and PB arrays– In .NET, the last dimension is the fastest-varying dimension– In PB, the first dimension is the fastest-varying dimension

// C# string[,] a = new string[2, 3] { { "a", "b", "c" }, { "d", "e", "f" } };// a[0,2] = “c”

// PBString s[2,3] = { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" }// s[1, 2] = “c”

“a” “b” “c”"d" "e" "f"

“a” “b” “c” "d" "e" "f"


• If the bounds information is known at compile-time

// PowerScript codestring sa[3,2] // 3 columns, 2 rowssa = a.getArray() // call the .NET function

string ss[]ss = sa

string strint ifor i = 1 to 6str += ss[i]

next

// The result of str is “abcdef”.

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Using multidimensional .NET arrays

• If the array bounds information is unknown at compile-time

.NET function of class Polygon: public int[,] GetVertices()

PowerScript code:int iSystem.Array pointspoints = l_triangle.getVertices()For i = points.getLowerBound(0) to points.getUpperBound(0)lb_1.addItem(string(points.getValue(i,0)) + “, “ +&

string(points.getValue(i,1)))next


• A .NET array can be assigned to a PB array if array bounds information is known at compile-time.

– Assigning multidimensional .NET arrays to/from PB arrays are costly.

– Using System.Array to access multidimensional arrays when performance is important.

• .NET arrays are accessible through the System.Array class regardless whether the array bounds information is known at compile-time.

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Creating a Multidimensional .NET Array

System.Int32 lengths[]System.Int32 lowerBounds[]

lowerBounds[1] = 0; lengths[1] = 4lowerBounds[2] = 0; lengths[2] = 5lowerBounds[3] = 0; lengths[3] = 6

System.Array arrarr = System.Array.CreateInstance([email protected](&"System.String"), lengths, lowerBounds)

Arr.setValue(200, 1, 2, 3) // arr[1,2,3] = 200 messagebox("arr[1,2,3]", string(arr.getValue(1,2,3)))

string pbarr[6, 5, 4]pbarr = arr

messagebox("pbarr[4,3,2]", pbarr[4,3,2])

Using Jagged .NET Arrays

.NET function: public int[][] getJaggedArray()PowerScript code:long i, j, kSystem.Array arr1, arr2arr1 = obj.getJaggedArray() // obj is a .NET objectfor i = arr1.getLowerBound(0) to arr1.getUpperBound(0)arr2 = arr1.getValue(i)for j = arr2.getLowerBound(0) to arr2.getUpperBound(0) k = arr2.getValue(j)…next

next

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Creating a Jagged .NET Array

System.@Type tt = [email protected]("System.Int32[]")System.Array mama = System.Array.CreateInstance(t, 4)

System.Array a1 = System.Array.CreateInstance(& [email protected]("System.Int32"), 5)

ma.SetValue(a1, 0)a1.SetValue(100, 0)

messagebox("ma[0][0]", string(a1.getValue(0)))

Exceptions

trysystem.xml.xpath.xpathDocument docdoc = create system.xml.xpath.XPathDocument(sle_1.text)

system.xml.xpath.XPathNavigator navnav = doc.CreateNavigator()

system.xml.xpath.XPathNodeIterator iteriter = nav.Select(sle_2.text) // might throw exception

do While iter.MoveNext()lb_1.AddItem(iter.Current.Value)

loopcatch (system.ArgumentException ae)messageBox("ArgumentException", ae.toString())

catch (System.Xml.XPath.XPathException xe)messageBox("XPathException", xe.toString())

end try

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Commonly Used .NET Classes

• System.Collections and System.Collections.Specialized– ArrayList, Hashtable, Queue, Stack, SortedList, StringDictionary

• System.Xml– XmlDocument, XmlElement

• System.IO and System.IO.Compression– Directory, File, GZipStream

• System.Net– WebClient, WebRequest, WebResponse, SmtpClient

• System.Text and System.Text.RegularExpressions– Regex

Commonly Used .NET Classes

• Class reference can be found here– http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa388745.aspx

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Translating C# Code Snippet to PowerScript

• Use full-qualified type name– E.g. System.Collections.Hashtable

• Change C# syntax to PowerScript syntax– “new” to “create”

• Type mapping– Int32 => long, int16 => integer, and so on

• Separate variable declaration and assignment statements– In C#: WebClient client = new WebClient();

– In PowerScript:System.Net.WebClient clientclient = create System.Net.WebClient


// C# codeSortedList mySL = new SortedList(); mySL.Add("First", "Hello"); mySL.Add("Second", "World"); mySL.Add("Third", "!"); Console.WriteLine( "\t-KEY-\t-VALUE-" ); for ( int i = 0; i < myList.Count; i++ ) { Console.WriteLine( "\t{0}:\t{1}", myList.GetKey(i),&myList.GetByIndex(i) );

} Console.WriteLine();

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// PowerScript codeSortedList companiescompanies = create SortedList companies.Add("First", “Sybase")companies.Add("Second", “IBM") companies.Add("Third", “Microsoft")

Long ifor i = 0 to companies.Countlb_1.addItem(companies.GetKey(i) + “: “ + companies.GetByIndex(i));

next

Limitations in PowerBuilder 11

• Can’t consume generic classes– http://www.15seconds.com/issue/031024.htm

• Can’t define a PowerBuilder class that inherits from a .NET class• Can’t define a PowerBuilder class that implements a .NET interface• .NET classes, interfaces and enums can’t be used as function

parameters or return types.– Can’t use delegates that have parameters

• http://www.sellsbrothers.com/writing/default.aspx?content=delegates.htm

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Consuming Web ServicesIn .NET way

Consuming Web Services

Generating PB proxy for Web services• Use wsdl.exe to generate .NET proxy class• Use csc.exe (C# compiler) to compile the .NET proxy class• Write PB proxy for .NET proxy class

Wsdl.exe csc.exe Writing PB proxy

.wsdl .cs .dll PB NVO

Steps for generating PowerBuilder proxies for Web services

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Advantages of Using .NET interop

• No data marshalling between managed and unmanaged worlds• Able to deal with array of arrays or multidimensional arrays

Using GoogleSearchService

• Download wsdl file from http://api.google.com/GoogleSearch.wsdl. • Generate C# code

– Wsdl /namespace:GoogleSearchService GoogleSearch.wsdl

• Generate DLL– Csc /target:library /out:GoogleSearchServer.dll GoogleSearchService.cs

• Use .NET Reflector to examine the classes• Look for samples to see how to use the classes• Write PowerBuilder proxies

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Demo - GoogleSearch

.NET Reflector

Download from http://www.aisto.com/roeder/dotnet/

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Creating PowerBuilder Proxies

• Create an NVO for each .NET class– E.g. n_googleSearchService– Declare an instance variable of the .NET type to be wrapped.

• Write a function for each .NET function you want to call– doGoogleSearch– Map parameter types and return type– Call the .NET function in .NET code block

• Write a getter and/or setter for the .NET property or field you want to access

• If the return type is a jagged array, create a PowerBuilder proxy for the array.

Creating PowerBuilder Proxies

//function n_GoogleSearchResult doGoogleSearch(…)n_GoogleSearchResult result

#if defined pbdotnet then

result = create n_GoogleSearchResultresult._instance = _instance.doGoogleSearch(a_key, a_q, a_start, &a_maxResults, a_filter, a_restrict, a_safeSearch, a_lr, a_ie, a_oe)

#end if

return result

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Using .NET Classes in PowerBuilder

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