usgs activities on big cypress creek j. bruce moring u.s. geological survey austin, texas...
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USGS Activities on Big Cypress Creek
J. Bruce MoringU.S. Geological Survey
Austin, Texas512.927.3585
-Estimate sediment budget and better characterization of sediment composition along entire creek
-Collect baseline geomorphological data to better assess the responses during and following flow releases (includes sediment characteristics, channel cross section and general assessment of channel condition)
-Duration of off-channel connectivity and persistence of water in floodplain required for fish and other aquatic organisms.
-Floodplain habitat mapping and tie to geomorphic features and historical development
-Floodplain inundation and bankfull discharge levels (also see Aquatic ecology)
Research Priorities from May 2005 Workshop
Fluvial Geomorphology
Research Priorities from May 2005 Work Shop
Aquatic Ecology
- How much of floodplain is inundated and how much fish access is available at various flow levels (>2000 cfs?) in various reaches of the creek? (including bankfull discharge level)
- Paddlefish and bluehead shiner ecology (including, is enough spawning area left in Big Cypress Bayou to support viable populations of each)
- Assessment of in-stream habitat availability at different low-flow levels
- Survey of non-game fishes (including 14 spp. of fish not documented recently) and benthic invertebrates (especially mussels) throughout basin.
Data Collection and Research Needs USGS and CLI Prioritized for 1st Year
-Characterize segment and reach-scale channel geomorphologic features and sediment composition in Big Cypress Creek downstream of Lake O’ the Pines in advance of prescribed releases.
-Conduct baseline reach-based assessments of the fish assemblage through the Big Cypress segment in advance of prescribed releases.
-Establish instrumented cross-sections at non-gaged locations for continuous monitoring of stage and temperature in advance of prescribed releases.
-Evaluate building-block prescribed flows in low-flow (i.e., below bankfull) channel in relation to channel features and aquatic habitat.
Site Reconnaissance (October 18-21, 2005)
Instrumented Cross Sections (February 7-9, 2006)
Baseline Fish Assemblage Survey (April 24-27, 2006)
Survey of Channel Features and Cross-Sections (September 18-22, 2006)
BC00
BC00 – Big Cypress below Jefferson (Rainey’s)BC01 – Big Cypress above Hwy 59 (Sander’s)BC02 – Big Cypress near Vickie Lynn Field (Locke’s)BC03 – Big Cypress below Lake O’ The Pines (Thomas Camp)
Pressure Transducer Installation
-Continuous recording (every 20 min) of stage and temperature.-Began recording in March 2006.-Battery check and data download every 2-3 weeks.-Use stage data to help develop stage to discharge rating for site.
Stage time series for same period(April 4 – 20th, 2006)at each site
BC01
BC02
BC03
Fish Assemblage Surveys
Cataraft electofishing Boat electrofishing
Barge electrofishing Seining
At each site - Reach-based fish assemblage survey - Equal sampling effort for electrofishing and seining - Fish Identified and counted on site. - Non-game species vouchered and problematic IDs submitted to University of Texas for verficiation.
Cumulative total of 34 species
Will probably add 5-10 more species whenfinal IDs are completed
Bigmouth buffalo, Blackstripe topminnow, Blacktail shiner, Bluegill, Bowfin,Brook silverside, Chain pickerel, Channel catfish, Common carp, Dusky darterFlathead catfish, Freckled madtom, Freshwater drum, Gizzard shad, Golden topminnow, Grass pickerel, Green sunfish, Largemouth bass, Logperch,Longear sunfish, Pirate perch, Pugnose minnow, Red shiner, Redbreast sunfish,Redear sunfish, Smallmouth buffalo, Spotted bass, Spotted gar, Spotted sucker,Spotted sunfish, Threadfin shad, Warmouth, Western mosquitofish, White crappie
Bowfin Dusky darter Redbreast sunfish
Pirate perch Flathead catfish
Channel Morphology and Aquatic Habitat
Reach- and transect-based assessmentsSurveyed channel cross-sections to determine - Bankful ht. - Bankfull width - Bank slope or angle - X-section profile for general channel form and HEC-RAS modeling
Transect measures (4 per reach) - Depth, width, habitat cover, velocities, canopy closure, bed substrate
Surveyed Channel and Aquatic Habitat Features - Thalweg profile, mesohabitats, snags, Cypress knees, etc. …
Surveying using total station
Aquatic habitat assessment along a transect
BC01
BC00
Canopy Closure of Channel
Current Velocities (from transect assessment)
BC00 – Velocity and habitatassessment from boat
BC03 – Wading dischargemeasurement
Velocity Profile from Acoustic Doppler (BC00)
BC00
BC01
Bankfull Height
BC00 -Thalweg channel profileusing acoustic doppler unit
BC03 - Thalweg channel profileusing total station, rod and prism
Sediment: Particle Size by Site
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Instream Flow Building BlocksBig Cypress Creek/ Caddo Lake
Low Flows
High FlowPulses
Floods
6,000-10,000 cfs for 2-3 daysEvery 3-5 years
*Maintain aquatic habitat in floodplain* Riparian seed dispersal
* Inhibition of upland vegetation for both creek & lake*Seed dispersal
* Vegetation removal
6,000 cfs for 2-3 days Every 2 years
•For channel maintenance and floodplain connectivity
Key
Dry Year
Avg Year
Wet Year90 cfs
Fish habitat218 – 49 cfs
Spawning habitat13 - 6 cfs
Maintain aquatic diversity40 - 90 cfsFish habitat
268-347 cfsPre-dam median
390 - 79 cfsBenthic drift & dispersal, fish spawning
35 - 40 cfsFish habitat
40 - 117 cfsPre-dam median
40 – 536 cfsMaintain biodiversity and connectivity (backwater & oxbows)
1,500 cfs for 2-3 days3-5X a year every year
* 1 occurring in March for Paddlefish* Sediment transport, oxbow connectivity
•Waterfowl habitat flushing(Includes December)
20,000 cfs for 2-3 daysEvery 10 years
*For channel migration
Evaluating Flow Building Blocks for the Low-Flow Channel
Riffle
Top of riffle elevation (= 7.2 cfs)
Pool
40 cfs
90 cfs
40 cfs
536 cfs
(40-536 cfs)
What’s Next in Big Cypress Big Cypress?
• Complete fish IDs• Compare observed vs. expected fish assemblages. Calc.IBI for
each site.• Continue transducer monitoring and data downloads (every 3 – 4
wks).• Complete channel morph. and habitat assessments (one site
remaining).
Short Term
What’s Next in Big Cypress, cont. ….
• Sediment budget and sediment characterization.• Benthic invertebrate surveys (possible emphasis on mussels).• Get instantaneous discharge measurement during higher flows for
developing site ratings (will coordinate with USGS Forth Worth to “chase” events with a doppler boat or tethered doppler unit).
• Additional fish surveys– Bluehead shiner occurrence and available spawning habitat– Meshohabitat-specific fish surveys
.
Longer Term