user-system interaction a challenge for the present and the future prof. dr. matthias rauterberg ipo...
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User-System Interactiona challenge for the present and the future
Prof. dr. Matthias RauterbergIPO Center for User-System Interaction
Eindhoven University of Technology
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Two approaches for Ergonomics
limits attractors
assessment design principles
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Interdisciplinary Research Approach
Design relevantknowledge
Empiricalevaluation
Interactive systems
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What is an Interactive System (IS) ?
user interaction system
perception
action(s)
IS := {IS*, Human, ICT component, [additional component]}
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What are the research topics of USI?
systemuser
Working domain • Communication / Co-operation• Home / Office Environment• Financial / Medical Sector• Knowledge Management• Product / Process Industry• Transportation / Logistic• Teaching and Learning
Working system
Science• perception• cognition• action
Application
• user-centered design
Engineering• audio interfaces• computer vision/graphics• speech interfaces• tactile interfaces
Goal:Pa => Pd
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Cooperation with Industry
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The optimization problem
user systemcosts
degree of usability
optimum
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What are the technical challenges?
• New interaction styles– speech input/output– computer vision based input (e.g., gestures)– audio interfaces (e.g., non-speech audio)– tactile and force feedback
• New interface concepts– adaptive and intelligent software– natural user interfaces
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Trends in User Interface Technology
Ubiquitous and Mobile computing Ambient rooms and Cooperative buildings
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• Perception Space– The physical space where
the user’s attention is.
• Action Space– The physical space where
the user acts in.
• Design Principle:– perception space and action
space must coincide!
What is design relevant knowledge?
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physical operation
feedback control of action
goal-, subgoal-setting
mental operation
task(s)
planning of execution selection of means
the complete action cycle
synchronisation in time
synchronisation in space
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Electronic Performance Support System
• Food processing plant worker with a first-generation prototype wearable computer.
• Possible applications include support for quality control data collection or assistance with environmental auditing.
• This system gives its users the information the users need to perform a task as they actually perform the task.
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Airline Applications
• This remarkable ultra-lightweight computer, worn as a belt, delivers maximum information to users with a minimum of work.
• Designed for individuals who demand mobility, this computer offers voice control and heads up display for complete, hands-free operation.
• Users can enter or retrieve information while going about their jobs, instead of constantly returning to the shop area to check a stationary computer, or stopping work to punch keys.
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The Virtual Workbench
The KOSIMA projectat the TU Aachen
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Head-up Displays in Cars
• More information and less distractionInformation on the state of the road, on the speed of the vehicle in front (supplied by the intelligent cruise control), on obstacles lying around the next bend in the road identified by the remote detection system, or direction arrows sent by the driver guidance system... drivers will be receiving more and more information from "intelligent" vehicle systems.
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Natural User Interfaces (NUI)
No technical equipment inside the body space of the user!
2. design principle
Perception space and action space must coincide!
1. design principle
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Architecture of a Natural User Interface (NUI)
Working Area
Communication & Working Area
Paper document
Electronic documents
Tognazzini B: Tog on Software Design. (1996).
Wellner P, Mackay W, Gold R: Computer-Augmented Environments: Back to the Real World. (1993)Fitzmaurice G, Ishii H, Buxton W: Bricks: Laying the Foundations for Graspable User Interfaces. (1995)
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NUI: The First Round
Design principle
Field test
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virtual player
real chipvirtual chips
overhead projector
video camera
NEW button
NUI (1): The Digital Playing Desk
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
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Cel
l Me
an f
or
time
of
use
r (s
)Cell Line Chart for "playing time"
Grouping Variable(s): Interface type
Error Bars: ± 1 Standard Deviation(s)
CI MI TI DPD
P<.001P<.01P<.001
P<.001
P<.001
P<.001
Digital Playing Desk: Playing time per game
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Digital Playing Desk: winning chance per dialog technique
computer win
remis
user win Cell Line Chart for "winning chance"
Grouping Variable(s): Interface type
Error Bars: ± 1 Standard Deviation(s)
CI MI TI DPD
P<.001P<.080P<.020
P<.802
P<.001
P<.007
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NUI: The Second Round
Design principle
Experiments
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BUILD-IT: an integrative design tool
• design team with different domain knowledge
• unconstrained social interaction
• integration of form and content
• intuitive interaction style