USED OF ROCKSGroup One Presentation

Submitted to:Ms. Bernadeta T. Galea

Submitted by:

Shanaia Kaye A. Bolivar

Jhonela Mei G. Tolibao

Allen Kairo V. Valez

Jeremy James R. Cruz

What is Igneous Rocks

Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire) is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

How Igneous Rocks Formed Igneous rock is formed by a moltain

magma.

Types of Igneous Rocks Extrusive igneous rocks, or

volcanics, form when magma makes its way to Earth's surface. The molten rock erupts or flows above the surface as lava, and then cools forming rock. The lava comes from the upper mantle layer, between 50 km and 150 km below the Earth's surface.

Kinds of Extrusive Rocks and teir Uses

Obsidian was used to make knives, arrowheads, spear points, scrapers, and many other weapons and tools. Once these discoveries were made, obsidian quickly became the raw material of preference for producing almost any sharp object.

Uses of Obsidian

Basalt

Basalt is used for a wide variety of purposes. It is most commonly crushed for use as an aggregate in construction projects. Crushed basalt is used for road base, concrete aggregate, asphalt pavement aggregate, railroad ballast, filter stone in drain fields and may other purposes.

Uses of Basalt

Rhyolite

Uses of Rhyolite

Kinds of Intrusive Rocks andtheir Uses

Intrusive rock, also called plutonic rock, igneous rock formed from magma forced into older rocks at depths within the Earth's crust, which then slowly solidifies below the Earth's surface, though it may later be exposed by erosion. Igneous intrusions form a variety of rock types. See also extrusive rock.

Kinds of Instrusive Rocks andtheir Uses

Diorite is an intrusive rock intermediate in composition between gabbro and granite. It is produced in volcanic arcs, and in mountain building where it can occur in large volumes as batholiths in the roots of mountains (e.g. Scotland, Norway). Because it is commonly speckled black and white, it is often referred to as "salt and pepper" rock. Diorite is the plutonicequivalent of andesite.

Uses of Diorite

Dunite

Dunite uses in construction, medical and architectural industry, we will also discuss the general uses of Dunite rock. Other uses of Dunite include creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry, ornamental stone, small figurines, small sculptures, source of chromite, platinum, nickel and garnet, source of diamonds.

 

Uses of Dunite

Gabbro

Ocellar (orbicular) varieties of gabbro can be used as ornamental facing stones, paving stones and it is also known by the trade name of 'black granite', which is a popular type of graveyard headstone used in funerary rites 

Uses of Gabbro

Granite

Granite dimension stone is used in buildings, bridges, paving, monuments and many other exterior projects. Indoors, polished granite slabs and tiles are used in countertops, tile floors, stair treads and many other design elements.

Uses of Granite

What is Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed

by the deposition of material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water. Sedimentary rocks have also been found on Mars. Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause mineral and/or organic particles (detritus) to settle and accumulate or minerals to precipitate from a solution. Particles that form a sedimentary rock by accumulating are called sediment. Before being deposited, sediment was formed by weathering and erosion in a source area, and then transported to the place of deposition by water, wind, ice, mass movement or glaciers, which are called agents of denudation.

How Sedimentary Rocks Formed

Sedimentary rocks is formed by consolidation and cementation.

Kinds of Sedimentary Rocks and their UsesSandstone

For other uses, see Sandstone (disambiguation). Typically quartz and/or feldspar; lithic fragments are also common. Other minerals may be found in particularly mature sandstone. Sandstone (sometimes known as arenite) is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains.

Uses of Sandstone

Shale

Shale is also used to produce cement, terra cotta pots, bricks and tile roofs. Historically these items were made of clay, but when resources began to deplete, manufacturers turned to shale as an alternative.Shale is the most common rock that causes landslides. When it comes into contact with water, it becomes slick and muddy. Excavation of shale is usually the trigger of landslides.

Uses of Shale

Conglomerate

CONGLOMERATE: A sedimentary rock with a variable hardness, consisted of rounded or angular rock or mineral fragments cemented by silica, lime, iron oxide, etc. Usually found in mostly thick, crudely stratified layers. Used in the construction industry. SANDSTONE: A sedimentary rock more or less rounded.

Uses of Conglomerate

Limestone

Limestone, quicklime and slaked lime are all used to neutralise excess acidity - which may be caused by acid rain - in lakes and in soils. Limestone is used as a building material, and to purify iron in blast furnaces. It's also used in the manufacture of glass, and of cement (one of the components of concrete). 

Uses of Limestone

What is Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic rocks are the third great class of rocks. These are what happens when sedimentary and igneous rocks become changed, or metamorphosed ("changed in form"), by conditions underground. The four main agents that metamorphose rocks are heat, pressure, fluids and strain. These agents can act and interact in an infinite variety of ways. As a result, most of the thousands of rare minerals known to science occur in metamorphic rocks.

How Metamorphic Rocks Formed

Metamorphic rocks have been changed over time by extreme pressure and heat.

Metamorphic rocks can be formed by pressure deep under the Earth's surface, from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Uplift and erosion help bring metamorphic rock to the Earth's surface. Examples of metamorphic rocks include anthracite, quartzite, marble, slate,

granulite, gneiss and schist. Anthracite is a type of coal with a high carbon count, few impurities and with

a high luster (meaning it looks shiny). Marble is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the sedimentary rock

limestone. Quartzite is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the sedimentary rock

sandstone. Slate is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the sedimentary rock

mudstone. Granulite is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the igneous rock basalt. Learn about sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, other rocks and minerals or

fossils. Make a fossil cast or check out our rock sorting lesson plan.

Kinds of Methamorphic Rocks and their Uses

Quartzite

Because of its hardness and angular shape, crushed quartzite is often used as railway ballast. Quartzite is a decorative stone and may be used to cover walls, as roofing tiles, as flooring, and stair steps.

Uses of Quartzite

Phylite

Phyllite can be used in construction as a decorative, shiny rock. It is used for counter and table tops, and for the facades of buildings.

Uses of Phylite

Slate

Slate is a fine-grained, foliated metamorphic rock that is created by the alteration of shale or mudstone by low-grade regional metamorphism. It is popular for a wide variety of uses such as roofing, flooring and flagging because of its durability and attractive appearance.

Uses of Slate

Gneiss

Ornamental Stone. Metamorphic Gneiss has many uses as a building material such as flooring, ornamental stones, gravestones, facing stones on buildings and work surfaces.

Uses of Gneiss

Schist

Schist can form from basalt (igneous rock), shale (sedimentary rock), or slate (another metamorphic rock that forms at lower temperatures and pressures). Certain varieties of schist are quarried for talc, which is used in ceramic glazes, paint fillers, and roofing materials, as well as carriers for insecticides.

Uses of Schist