Use of Dynamic Simulation for Design, Validation and Training for

New and Existing Nuclear Reactors

August 6, 2013

Thomas Carlsson, GSE Power Systems

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Agenda

• Introductions

• GSE Overview Presentation

• What is a Simulator? Real-Time, Engineering…

• Bringing in Engineering Analysis Codes in GSE Real Time Simulation Platform

• DesignEP – Severe Accident Analysis Simulator

• Risk-Informed Predicitive Simulator

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Introductions

• Speaker name: Thomas Carlsson

• Speaker Title: Managing Director

• GSE Power Systems AB

• Location: Nyköping, Sweden

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GSE Systems, Inc. Overview

We develop training solutions for the power, oil & gas, refining& petrochemicals, chemicals, manufacturing and governmentsectors worldwide. We specialize in integrating high fidelity,real time simulation into workforce development andeducational systems.

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Company Profile

Markets Largest company in the world focused on simulation World leader in advanced simulations solutions and training programs World leader in Power Simulation Vertical Markets: Nuclear, Fossil, Refining, Oil & Gas, Petrochemicals, Chemicals Over 1,100 Installations, 160 Customers, 50+ Countries

Size Founded in 1929, IPO in 1994 Headquarters in Sykesville (Baltimore) Maryland ~240 employees in 8 locations in 5 countries JV Simulation companies in Russia, GSE-RUS Annual Revenue $50M+

Relevance to our customers Culture of working with customer to solve problems Strong Project Management Process & On-Time Delivery record Depth of Staff and Breadth of Knowledge so No Single Point of Failure (Risk

Mitigation)

O&G Refinery

Fossil -Coal

NuclearPower

Training Centers

Training Technolog

y

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Americas

ArgentinaBrazilCanadaChileMexicoPuerto RicoUnited StatesVenezuela

Europe

BelgiumBulgariaCzech RepublicDenmark FinlandFranceGermanyItalyKazakhstanNorway

Africa / Middle East

AlgeriaAngolaEgyptLibyaNigeriaOmanPakistanQatarSaudi ArabiaSouth AfricaUnited Arab Emirates

Global Reach

PolandRussiaSlovakiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandThe NetherlandsUkraineUnited Kingdom

Asia / Pacific

AustraliaChinaIndiaIndonesiaJapanKoreaMalaysiaSingaporeTaiwanTurkmenistanPhilippinesPapua New Guinea

US Offices- (HQ) Baltimore, MD- St. Mary’s, GA- Cary, NC- Madison, NJ

Nyköping, Sweden

Beijing, China

Chennai, India

Stockton on Tees, UK

Glasgow, UK

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• 65% Installed Base

• Experience with the Major NSSS Vendors:Westinghouse GE SiemensABB/CE Babcock & Wilcox Chinese #1 InstitutePBMR RosEnergo NuScaleMitsubishi Toshiba Hitachi

• Experience with the Major DCSsEmerson Ovation & Delta V ABB Symphony & x800AGE Mark V & Mark VI Siemens TXP and T3000Honeywell Experion & TDC3000 Invensys Foxboro IA & A2

PLCs

• Member of ANS 3.5 Standards Committee

GSE Role in Nuclear Market

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Relevant Experience

• Fossil DCS Upgrades (Virtual Commissioning)

• Experience with First-of-a-Kind Projects– Westinghouse AP1000– Pebble Bed Modular Reactor– NuScale Power– mPower– B&W– Ultra-Supercritical– Royal Navy

Simulator Score CardPressurized Water Reactor 85Boiling Water Reactor 60

Fossil Fuel Plant 118Process Plant 84

Graphite Moderated Reactor 8Advanced Gas Reactors 4

Major Mods, Rehost, Upgrades 125

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Full Scope Nuclear Simulator Projects

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ProjectsSanmen AP1000 China FSS with WEC Translated Ovation DCS

Haiyang AP1000 China FSS with WEC Translated Ovation DCS

Vogtle AP1000 US FSS with WEC Translated Ovation DCS

Scana AP1000 US FSS with WEC Translated Ovation DCS

Haiyang #2 AP1000 China FSS with GSE Simulated Ovation DCS (100% GSE)

Mochovce U3/4 VVER440 Slovak FSS with Stimulated Siemens T2000 and HW Panels

*KSG D46 PWR Germany FSS with Traditional HW Panels/IOs

*NuScale SMR US FSS w/o DCS (Control created using GSE JADE tools)

*mPower B&W SMR US FSS just started (V&V for DCS and HMI)

CNPEC DCS V&V Platform China DCS V&V Platform for Chinese New CPR1000

*Tsuruga U2 PWR Japan FSS with Traditional HW Panels/IOs

*Tokai U2 BWR Japan FSS with Traditional HW Panels/IOs

JMTR Research Reactor Japan Experimental field of neutron for nuclear material R&D

* Means customer provides engineers working with GSE

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FSS Mod/Upgrade/Eng. Services Projects

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ProjectsD.C. Cook 2nd PWR US New Simulator for U1 and Upgrade Simulator U2

Laguna Verde BWR Mexico Upgrade BOP and Turbine Control models

KSU R1 BWR Sweden Upgrade Primary Systems (RELAP5-HD & S3R)

KSU O1 Sweden Upgrade Primary Systems (RELAP5-HD & S3R)

KSU R2 Sweden Upgrade Primary Systems (RELAP5-HD & S3R)

KSG D3 Germany Rehost to Linux and TH Upgrades to RELAP5-HD & S3RKSG S2 Germany Rehost to Linux and TH Upgrades to RELAP5-HD & S3RHeysham II (AGR) UK Upgrade Entire Simulator models

Kozloduy VVER1000 Bulgaria Upgrade Primary Systems (RELAP5-HD & Core)

Mulhebulg BWR Switzland Upgrade TH Systems (RELAP5-HD & S3R)

Exelon Fleet US Eng. Service Agreement for 9 Simulators

KSU Fleet Sweden Eng. Support for 8 Simulators

KSG Fleet Germany Eng. Support for 5 Simulators

US NRC US Shoreham Sim Rehost & Upgrade & RELAP5-HD & DCS HMIUS NRC US GPWR for HMI StudyUS Navy US BETTIS & KAPL Simulator Tools & Eng. Services

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What is a Simulator??

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What is a Simulator??

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• Definition– 1st Principles Models– Conservation of energy, mass, & momentum– Dynamic Response through Full Range of Operations – Network solution for pressure and flow versus sequential solution– Variable malfunctions (i.e., range of severity, ramping, delaying)– Can fail any Component (pump, transmitter, valve, motor etc.)

• Why Its Important– Simulator needs to faithfully represent real plant for

• optimization studies,

• evaluation of plant modifications, and

• validation of new control systems

• Cover full range of operations

– Simulator must be predictive

High Fidelity Dynamic Simulation

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• Training– Plant Operator Training, Qualification and Certification– Realistic Operating Experience for Managers, Engineers and

Maintenance Personnel

• Design– Verify and Validate New Plant and Digital Control System

Designs– Perform Human-Machine Interface Studies to Optimize New

Control Room Arrangements– Test Design Changes Before they are Implemented

• Operations– Provide Test Environment for Plant Operating Procedures

Development and Validation– Optimize Plant Operating Conditions

Objectives of Purchasing Simulators

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Real-Time Dynamic Simulators

• What is a Dynamic, Real-Time, or Engineering simulator?

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• Broad or Full Scope Plant Model– Include primary, secondary, BOP and Safety system and at

least a High Fidelity Main Loop

• All models Integrated and Synchronized (coupling)

• 1 second of problem time equal 1 second of real time (feels like the real plant)

• Models are interactive – Observe and operate like the real plant– Can be integrated with real control systems

Real-Time Simulator

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• Holistic Engineering V&V platform• Validation of system design issue in integrated “Plant”

• Controls System Design & V&V• Validation and Refinement of Logic and Controls Strategies • As a development tool for new control strategies

• Human Factors Engineering Platform• Support design of DCS interface, alarms, procedures, etc.• Support design of digital control rooms, information layout

Demonstrate viability of these designs to Regulator

• Develop and Validate Operating Procedures

• Post Fukushima Challenges

Role of the “Engineering” Simulator

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GSE First of a Kind/Engineering Simulator Experience

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Pebble Bed Modular Reactor

SinopecIGCC China

Westinghouse AP1000NuScale Power Ultra Supercritical

Korea

CNPDCHYH CPR-1000 HFE and Control V&V Platfrom

B&WmPowerEngineering and HFESimulator

FutureGen Alliance OxyCoal Engineering Simulator

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Example – Westinghouse AP1000

• Project Objectives/Deliverable – To provide an Integrated First-Principle

High Fidelity Simulator Models (Actual Plant is being designed) for:

• Human Factors Engineering (HFE)• I&C / DCS Validation and Testing

(Stimulated DCS)• Train Westinghouse Staff on use of

simulation technology

• Major Project Achievements– 12 months Project Schedule (Initial

Phase) - On Time Delivery– Communication Interfaces between

SimExec and Ovation DCS– Developed and V&V the plant system

models synchronize with plant design schedule

• Project Status– Complete all 3 phases of

implementation– Building 4 full scope simulators for

Westinghouse• Project Duration

– November 2004 to November 2006

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Initial Control Room Layout

Most Recent Control Room Layout

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• Current NRC requirements do not accommodate the next generation SMR control room designs– Requirements for large reactors

need to be evaluated for their appropriateness to SMR operations.

– Current requirements interfere with the economic model of some SMRs

Example – New SMR (NuScale)

20#

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The Dynamic Simulator will be the platform for both the development and demonstrationof this new plant design

HFE Platform for the new Control Room DesignControl System Design and V&V PlatformSystem Design Validation PlatformMarketing Tool!Training (Critical path to Plant Operation)

Background

21#

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Big Problem and a Solution

• Plant design data is changing or does not exist yet.– We can develop first cut models for unfinished

systems quickly and provide feed back to designers

– With enough data, control design can begin in an agile rapid prototyping approach

– Plant operational procedures can be investigated early

– …

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Control logic and interface Design

23#

Engineers develop controls & logic, basic control screens and operating procedures

– JControl– JDesigner

System Design Data is validated on high fidelity models

– Steady state and transient conditions

– System performance is fed back to system design engineers via JStation

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HFE Simulator (Control Room)

HFE Simulator 12 Modules plus common systems 12 RELAP5, S3R, etc. 12 Operator Stations

Engineering Simulator 1 Module 1 RELAP5, S3R, stc.

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• Reduce Project Risk– Continuously validate system designs early in design process

• Steady State• Validated in integrated and transient conditions

– Provide a platform for validation of DCS system – Provide a demonstration platform for Regulators and

Customers of plant operation and safety• Reduce Project Costs

– Provide platform continuous development of control and protection logic strategies on lower cost simulation platform

– Flexible lower cost HFE/Control Room development platform– Delay commitment to a DCS vendor until the sale of the plant,

allow customer to choose DCS vendor– Refine Alarm Management and plant procedures

• High definition training simulator for free

Engineering Simulator Value

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Bringing Engineering Analysis Codes into Real-time Full Scope Simulators

June 20, 2013

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• Running 3rd Party Best Estimate or Safety Analysis codes as integral parts of full scope simulators

• Enforce synchronization between multiple systems through client and server architecture

• Maintain integrity of original code

• Ensure repeatability • Allow users to have access to model internal

memory and variables

• Advanced 2D, 3D visualization interfaces

GSE High Definition (HD) Platform

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GSE HD Platform Architecture

output

input

Client

Simulator Host Executive (GSE or non-GSE)

HD Client Executive #1 Server

Client C Module

Server input/outputStatus request

control

Customized Plug-in

interface Client

Standard HD Server

Configuration

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Multiple HD Servers

GSE or Other

Simulator

HD Client

HD Server #1

HD Server #2

HD Server #3

HD Server #n

BWR configuration• Server #1 (CPU#1): RELAP for

BWR Vessel

• Server #2 (CPU#2): Neutron Kinetics Code (ex. REMARK)

PWR configuration• Server #1 (CPU#1): RELAP for

primary loops

• Server #2 (CPU#2): RELAP for steam generators

• Server #3 (CPU#3) Neutron Kinetics Code (ex. REMARK)

SMR configuration

•Server #1 (CPU#1): RELAP for module #1•Server #2 (CPU#2): RELAP for module #2•Server #3 (CPU#3): S3R for module #1•Server #4 (CPU#4): S3R for module #2•----

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• Servers may include GSE or 3rd party models, e.g.,• GSE’s Topmeret, REMARK

• MAAP5, MAAP4,

• INL’s RELAP5-3D v2.4, v4.0x

• Studsvik’s S3R (neutronics) and Thermal Margin codes

• MELCOR

• SPICE – analog circuit board

• Russian VVER Neutronic modes

• GOTHIC etc..

• Flexible configuration –• Multiple computers, • Multiple processors/cores, • Varied frame rates

Extensible Platform

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RELAP5-HD InstallationsReactor Type Country Status

BWR, GE Japan RFTPWR, WE United States On-goingPWR, WE United States On-goingPWR, WE United States On-goingSmall Modular Reactor, B&W United States On-goingPWR, WE United States On-goingCANDU Canada RFTPWR, RUS Ukraine On-goingNaval Reactor UK On-goingPWR, WE Netherlands On-goingBWR, GE United States RFTSmall Modular Reactor, NuScale

United States RFT

PWR, WE South Korea RFTPWR, WE South Korea RFTPWR, CE South Korea RFTPWR, WE South Korea RFTPWR, ASEA Germany RFTPWR, ASEA Germany RFTBWR, ASEA Germany RFTPWR, ASEA Germany RFTBWR, ASEA Sweden RFTBWR, ASEA Sweden RFTBWR, ABB Sweden RFTBWR, GE Switzerland RFTPWR, RUS Bulgaria RFTPWR, RUS Ukraine RFTJMTR Japan RFTPWR, WE Japan RFTBWR, GE Japan RFT

RELAP5-3D requires US DOE export license

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MAAP4 & 5 Installations

Reactor Type Plants, Country StatusBWR, GE K5, Japan MAAP 3.0, 1994

MAAP 4.0, 20133-Loop PWR, WE KTN2, Japan MAAP4, 20064-Loop PWR, WE (ice condenser)

KON1, Japan MAAP4, 2006

BWR, GE TK2, Japan MAAP 3.0, 1998 MAAP 4.0, 2013

BWR, GE 2F2, Japan MAAP3, 2001BWR, GE TS1, Japan

(Same design as 1F1)MAAP3, 1997

4-Loop, PWR, Mitsubishi

TS2, Japan MAAP 3.0, 1998MAAP 4.0, 2013

PWR, WE R2, Sweden MAAP5, RFTPWR, WE United States MAAP5, On-goingPWR, WE United States MAAP5, On-going

MAAP code requires US EPRI user license

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GSE SYSTEMS DESIGNEP–ADVANCED MODELING & ANALYSIS

PROBLEM SOLUTION

New requirements • Models beyond design basis accident scenarios for SAMG/EDMG

• Simulates parallel events in multiple units• Interfaces with plant dose model to project offsite dose• Conducts “what-if” analysis of actions and consequences

New drills and resource strain

• Uses time and resources more efficiently in analysis of scenarios as well as development, validation, and verification of procedures and guidelines

• Enhances performance and depth of understanding in training, drills, and exercises

Limitations of current tools/sims

• Provides graphical depictions to understand dynamic phenomena

Close alignment of EP/Ops/Trng/etc.

• Compatible with both BWR and PWR• Lowers costs and improves agility

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DESIGNEP FOR FUKUSHIMA MULTI-UNITACCIDENTS

• Used MAAP code as analytical and modeling tool • Developed in collaboration with EPRI and ERIN Engineering• Can also use MELCOR code

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FUKUSHIMA UNIT 3 AT 76 HOURS

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FUKUSHIMA UNIT 3 CONTAINMENT AT 76 HOURS

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OFF-SITE RADIOLOGICAL DOSE (MAAP)

Time 6H:20M:45S

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STATION BLACKOUT MITIGATION STRATEGYUSING DESIGNEP(MAAP5) FOR EXCELON

Time 6H:20M:45S

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Graphical SAMGs

Computer-based Procedures that helps to automate the SAMG to control the sequence-of-events in PSA-HD simulation.

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WHY DESIGNEP

• GSE Systems’ DesignEP™ is available now

• Cost Effective

• Scalable

• Based on EPRI’s MAAP Code or NRC MELCOR

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Progressive Simulator Solutions

DesktopSimulator

Full Scope Simulator

Risk-informed Simulator

Desktop HD (MAAP or RELAP)

HD (MAAP, RELAP, JADE,

etc..)

HD (MAAP, RELAP, JADE, Uncertainty, Database, etc..)

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Risk-informed Predictive Simulation

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• Physical Engine– To mimic the Nuclear Power Plant;– Real-time full-scope simulator, integral test facility or research reactor;– Allow external events & operator interventions;– Feed current plant configuration & condition to Decision Engine.

• Decision Engine– Dynamic Event Tree (DET) that evolves with physical engine;– Minimize the paths in DET based on probability & risk;– Automated generation of calculation engine inputs;– Automated termination and restart calculation engine based on given

criteria;– Pre-processing to reduce dimensions of data;– Analyze the risk & probability for future transient;– Post-processing to obtain concise & risk-informed prediction for

decision-making.

Risk-informed Predictive Simulation

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• Calculation Engine– Much faster than real-time simulation with acceptable fidelity;– Parallel/cluster computation;– Seamless and flexibility on restart;– Database that manages calculation data for easy & fast access.

• Risk-informed Display GUI– Concisely display the risk of future transient;– Best-estimate future scenario;– Risk should be defined with probability and uncertainty;– Optimized operation procedure/guideline.

Risk-informed Predictive Simulation

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QUESTIONS

Thomas CarlssonMD

GSE Power Systems, Sweden

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3D Dynamic Plant Models

•3D plant systems walk throughs– Equipment operations training– Maintenance training– Show equipment internals

•Interface with the process simulator– Access model calulated values– Include outside operators in

training

New Technologies for Simulation

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MAAP

Data Centric System

MAAP4.06

MAAP4.08

MAAP5.01

MAAP5.02

MAAP5.03

RELAP5-3D

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V&V Tool

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2-Unit Westinghouse 4-Loop PWR

MAAP5 in Full-Scope Simulator

Unit 2Containment

MAAP5

RCS TH Code/

MAAP5

SG

TH Code/MAAP5

CoreS3R

Unit 1Containment

MAAP5

RCS TH Code/

MAAP5

SG

TH Code/ MAAP5

CoreS3R

In-plant DOSE simulation

In-plant DOSE simulation

Ex-plant DOSE Simulation

MAAP5

BOPJTopMeret

Auxiliary BuildingMAAP5

Spent Fuel Pool

I&CJControl

Electrical SystemJElectric

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MAAP5 in Full-scope Simulator

Timeline 0 Min. ~60 Min.3 Hrs. 20

Min.5 Hrs. 30

Min.

Scenario Steady-stateLOCA, code

transition

LOCA, Core melt-down

LOCA, Vessel failed

MAAP Server #1

Unit #1 RCS/SG

TH CodeTransition

MAAP5.0

Unit #1 Containment

MAAP5.0

MAAP Server #2

Shared Aux. Building(w/ SFP)

MAAP5.0

SimulatorBOP GSE JTopmeret

Neutronics Studsvik S3R MAAP5.0