USJob-SearchTipsandWorkAuthorizationforInternational

StudentsandPostdocs

GaeunSeo,Ph.D.GraduateandInternationalAdvisorCraigJones,ProgramAssistant

CornellCareerServices

AdrianaRovers,AssociateDirectorforProgrammingServicesInternationalStudents&ScholarsOffice

CareerOffices:Undergraduates• Arts&Sciences:172GoldwinSmith

• AgricultureandLifeSciences:140Roberts

• Architecture,Art&Planning:103Barnes

• Engineering:201Carpenter

• Hotel:180Statler

• HumanEcology: 172MVR

• ILR:201Ives

• University-wide:103/210Barnes

CareerOffices:ResearchMaster’sandPhDstudents

• AgricultureandLifeSciences:140Roberts

• Engineering:201Carpenter

• Hotel:180Statler

• ILR:201Ives

• University-wide:GaeunSeo,at103/210Barnes

ProfessionalMaster’sStudents: Visityourprogramoffice

CareerServices:PostdocsandGraduateStudentsInterested

inaPostdoc

• ChristineHolmes,DirectorofPostdoctoralStudies:CaldwellHall,ch18@cornell.edu

Today’sAgenda

• RealityandOpportunitiesintheUSJobMarkets• JobSearchResources• CompanyResearchResources• WorkAuthorizationRequirementsintheUS

TypicalCareerPathsofInt’lStudents

Work Permit H1B (85,000 quota/year) or other markets

Employment after graduation OPT (US: 12 or 36 months for STEM) or other markets

Internship CPT in the US In another country

Permanent Resident(Green Card) Citizenship

JobOpportunitiesintheUS

• Employers’reactiontoINTLcandidates…**

• 20%of2,000USCompanies:“modestlyserioustoveryseriousabouthiringinternationalstudentswithbachelor’sdegreesoradvanceddegreesforfulltimepositions”

• Another20%:“considerawellqualifiedinternationalstudentforacertainpositiononceinawhile”

• Therestofthe60%“notinterestedatthistime”(15%,weareNOTpermittedtorecruitthem)

**CollegeEmploymentResearchInstituteReport,2013

JobSearchResourcesonCampus• Handshake

o Internships,partime&fulltimejobs,on-campusinterviewso Events,careerfairs,andemployercontactso Advancedsearchoptions:Workauthorization,Degrees(BA,MS,PhD)

• StudentEmployment (OfficeofFinancialAidandStudentEmployment)

o On-campuspart-timeandinternshipjobsearch

• AlumniFundedSummerInternshipso BlumenthalInternshipProgram(OnlyforUndergraduateStudents)o AtkinsonCenterSummerInternshipProgram(BothUG&G)

USJobSearchResources

• Fulltime/InternshipSearch– Simplyhired.com– Indeed.com:jobs,internships,&companyreviews

• InternshipSearch– www.experience.com– Internships.com

GlobalJobSearchResources• MonsterInternational

– Connectsyouto51affiliatedjobsitesin44countries

• GoingGlobal(loginwithaCornellIPaddress)– Job/internshiplists– Country-specificinformationtofindemploymentopportunities

• Idealist (Non-profitsector)

• UNJobs

AlotofResources…!NowIknowwheretobeginmyjobsearch…

But,HowCanIFindEmployersSponsoringMe?

FindingemployerssponsoringH1Bvisabyusing•Myvisajobs.com

– Thebestsitetotrackemployers’H1BandGreenCardsponsorshiptrends

– 2017H1BVisaReports• Top100H1BVisasponsors• Jobtitles/occupationsreceivedH1BVisasin2017

•GoingGlobal

Identify“International-Friendly”Employers

CompanyResearchResources• Universumglobal.com:Employerrankings

(World/national/regionalrankings)• Hoover’s:Comprehensivecompanyprofiles• Vault:Companyinfo,industryreports,&internshipreviews

(EnterthroughCCS)• Glassdoor:Employerreputation,interviewquestions,&salary• Uniworld

:U.S.companiesoperatinginforeigncountriesorforeigncountrieswithoperationsintheU.S.

JobSearchSuggestion1INTLFriendlyCompany-drivenWay

1. IdentifyINTLfriendlycompaniesvia-Myvisajobs.com jobtitleorindustrysearch- Handshake advancedsearch,workauthorization

2. UseLinkedIn tofindandconnectwithpeopleworkingforthoseinternationalfriendlycompanies- Alumni,peoplecamefromyourcountry

3. Searchopeningsandmeetrecruitersfromthosecompaniesduringthecareerfairs

JobSearchSuggestion2People-drivenWay

1. UsingLinkedIn keywordsearchtofindpeoplewhohavesimilarbackgroundsandseeemployers theyworkfor

2. CheckthetrendofvisaandgreencardsponsorshipoftheseemployersthroughMyvisajobs.com

3. Connectwiththesepeople– reachout,doaninformationalinterview,andfindoutifanyopportunitiesarecomingout

WhatisInformationalInterviewing?

Conductingconversationswithpeopleworkinginthefieldofyourinterestforinformationandadvice.

Informational Interview• Conducted to gather

information and advice• YOU ask the questions• YOU guide conversation• Focus is on information;

not a specific job

Job Interview• Conducted to evaluate

suitability for a job opening• Employer asks the questions• Employer guides

conversation• Focus is on a specific job

opening and determining fit

JobSearchDemonstration

• Case:Master’sstudentinCommunication

• INTLFriendlyCompany-drivensearch

• People-drivenSearch

FinalAdvice

• Thisisnotastraightforwardprocess,soyou’llneedtodedicatetimetoyourjobsearch

• Widenyourcareeroptions(e.g.,workinginathirdcountryorowncountry)

• StartEarly!• Buildyournetworks!• Visityourcareeroffice—we’reheretohelpyou!• TalktotheISSOaboutvisaregulations

UpcomingWorkshop!InterviewingSkillsforInternationalStudents

andPostdocs

Thursday,August245:15pm

175WarrenHall

Pleasewaituntiltheendofthepresentationifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutjobsearch!

InternationalStudents&ScholarsOffice(ISSO)B-50CaldwellHall

Hours:Mon,Tues,Thurs,Fri:9:00-4:30;Wed:1:00-4:30

Ontheweb:www.isso.cornell.edu

Byemail:isso@cornell.edu

WorkAuthorizationF-1&J-1Students

• “Maintaining” Status• F1PracticalTraining• J-1AcademicTraining• OtherWorkVisas

“MaintainingYourStatus”

• Enrollfulltime• Updateyouraddresswhenyoumove• Keepyourdocumentsvalid:extendI-20orDS-2019!• DoNOTworkoffcampuswithoutauthorization

F1OffCampusWorkAuthorization

Therearetwotypesof“PracticalTraining” WorkAuthorization:Ø CurricularPracticalTraining(CPT)ØOptionalPracticalTraining(OPT)

Thetraining/workmustbeinyourmajorfieldofstudyandNOTyourminor.

F-1CurricularPracticalTraining(CPT)• CPTWorkAuthorizationismostoftenusedforinternshipsifyouareeligible.

• EASY-applicationisthroughISSOinsteadofUSCIS

• CanbeusedforPAID internships,cooperativeeducationjob,apracticum,oranyotherworkexperience

IfthejobisUNPAIDyoudon’tneedworkauthorization!

F-1CurricularPracticalTraining(CPT)EligibilityRequirements

http://isso.cornell.edu/students/working-us/f1-internships-cpt

• Mustbeenrolledforatleastonefullacademicyear

• WorkmustbeREQUIREDforyourdegreeor

• Youmustreceivecreditinacourse

F- 1CurricularPracticalTraining(CPT)EligibilityRequirements

• Workmustberequiredforthedegree(forexample,hotelstudentsarerequiredtohave800hoursofworkexperience)

• Mustreceiveacademiccreditinacourse(suchasNMI510;ILR599;Law673orindependentstudy)

• Theworkwillformanintegralpartoftheresearchforthegraduatestudent’sthesisordissertation

F- 1CurricularPracticalTraining(CPT)

• Mayonlybeusedbefore graduation,whilestillindegreeprogram

• Full-timeduringthesummerorwinterbreak• Part-timeduringtheacademicyear(limitedto20

hourstotalperweek,includinganyon-campuswork)• Iftheyaregettingcreditforacourse,studentswork

fulltimeinsummerandtakeaspecificcourseinthefall

• CPTwillNOTaffectOPTunlessyouworkcumulativelymorethan12fullmonthsoffulltimeCPT

F-1CPTApplicationProcedures

• Musthavejobofferinordertoapply• GotoISSOwebsiteviewvideoanddownloadCPTapp:

http://isso.cornell.edu/students/working-us/f1-internships-cptCompleteapplication—haveacademicadvisorsignoffonit,andbringcompletedapplicationtotheISSOatleasttwoweeksbeforeyoustartworking.Applicationcanbesubmittedviaemailisso@cornell.edu.

• MUSTgetworkauthorizationpriortoworking!!WillrequirenewCPTI-20,passportandI-94cardtocompleteI-9EmploymentEligibilityFormwithemployer

F-1CPTWorkAuthorization

• ISSOAdvisorwillissueyouanewI-20withworkauthorizationonpage3

F-1OptionalPracticalTraining(OPT)

IfyouarenoteligibleforCPTanalternativewouldbetoapplyfor“pre-completion”OPT.

F-1OptionalPracticalTraining(OPT)

• EligibleforOPTafterbeingenrolledfulltimeforoneacademicyear

• Practicaltrainingmustbeinyourfield/major

• Maybeusedbeforeyougraduateoraftergraduation

• 12monthstotalperdegreelevel

(Aftergraduation,studentsinSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)fieldsmaybeeligibleforadditional24months)

F-1OptionalPracticalTraining(OPT)

• Timeusedbeforegraduationisdeductedfromthe12months

• Shouldhavespecificdatesofemployment,asyoudonotwanttorequestmoretimethanyouneedforthework

F-1OPTApplicationProcedures:ApplyEarly

• PickupapplicationfromISSOordownloadfromourISSOwebsite:isso.cornell.edu

• SubmitrequestforI-20onlineorbringcompletedapplicationtotheISSO.WewillcreateanewI-20andyouwillsendyourapplicationtoUSCISalongwithfee

F-1OptionalPracticalTraining(OPT)• Applyearly.Itcouldtake3monthstoreceiveyourEmploymentAuthorizationCard(EAD/OPTCard)

• Youcannotapplymorethan120daysbeforethestartdateyouchoose

• MustsubmitapplicationtoUSCISwithin30daysofissuedateofnewI-20fromISSO

F-1OptionalPracticalTraining(OPT)

• YoucannotbeginworkuntilyouhavetheOPTcardinhandandhavearrivedatthestartdateonthecard

• OPTcardisrequiredtocompletetheI-9EmploymentEligibilityVerificationformwithemployer

J1WorkAuthorization• “AcademicTraining”

– Forpracticaltraininginyourfield– Eitherinsummervacationoraftergraduation

• DownloadorpickupapplicationatISSO

• CometotheISSOwithapplicationandjobofferletter.

J-1AcademicTraining

• ISSOissuesyouworkauthorizationletterfor“AcademicTraining”

• Totaltimeavailableis18months

• Additional18monthsmaybepossibleforpostdoctoralresearchpositions

OtherVisaCategoriesCometotheworkshop:“VisasAfterGraduation”

• ETreatytrader/investors• H TemporaryWorker• J ExchangeVisitor• L Intra-companyTransferees• O PersonsofExtraordinaryAbility• TN NAFTAprofessionals(MexicoandCanada)

TNVisaNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement(NAFTA)

ForCanadiansandMexicans

Requires at least a baccalaureate (bachelor's) degree or appropriate credentials demonstrating status as a professional see list of professional occupations).•Visa issued for a maximum of three years at a time depending on the job offer dates, and is renewable indefinitely

Canadian citizen applies at a port of entry with the following:•evidence of Canadian citizenship •documentation of professional qualifications, (diplomas, degrees, transcripts). These must show that the educational requirements for the above professional occupations have been met. •letter or contract from hiring company that includes: a description of the professional-level activity in which the visitor will be engaged; a full description of the nature of the job duties that the visitor will be performing; the anticipated length of stay; and the salary •$50 fee. •the visitor must be otherwise admissible under U.S. immigration law.

H-1BTemporaryWorkerVisa

• H1Bquestions?• H1BBasics:

– 6years– Employerspecific– Portable– Dualintent

• U.S.PermanentResidence

H-1BApplicationProcedures

§ FileLaborConditionApplication(LCA)-- Employermustpayhigherofprevailingoractualwage;noadverseworkconditionsforUSworkers

§ FileH-1Bpetition(FormI-129)

§ Overallprocessingtimeframe:• 3-4monthsnormally• Premiumprocessingpossibility:2weeks

H-1BAdvantages

§ Duration:• 6yearmaximum• 1yearstayoutsideU.S.refreshes6yrs• additionalHextensionsifgreencardstartedbyendof5th year

§ Timetoworktowardgreencard§ NoadvertisingortestoftheU.S.labormarket§ H-1Bportabilitywhenchangeemployers

H-1BDisadvantages§ Tiedtooneemployer§ NotflexiblelikeF-1OPT§ Paperwork,costanddelay§ October1st startdate+caprace§ “Self-sponsorship” canbedifficult§ Mustworktomaintainstatus§ Fees:• $825– cap-exempt• $2,325– cap-subject• $1,125– expedite• $3,000– legalfee

WhatistheH-1B“cap”?• 65,000perfiscalyear• Of65,000,6,800carvedoutforChileandSingapore• Separate20,000forgraduateswithU.S.master’sdegreeorhigher• RaceforHcapvisas§ Quotayear:October1toSeptember30§ ApplyEarliest:April1(6monthsbefore)§ Pastyears’ H-1Bquotafilledveryquickly,sometimeswithindaysof

theAprilfirstdeadlinev Ifneeded,USCISconducts“lottery” toselectcasestobe

consideredforH-1Bapproval

H-1BCapExemptions

• Lowerfilingfees/applyanytime• College/universityemployees• Relatedoraffiliatednonprofitentities(i.e.universityteachinghospitals)• Nonprofitresearchorganizations• Governmentresearchorganizations• PriorcapH-1Bholders• J-1shortageareawaivereddoctors

VisasAfterGraduation

March1st

GoldwinSmithHall,HollisE.CornellAuditoriumRoom132,7:00-9:00pmPresentedbytheMillerMayerlawfirmandISSOStaff.