us history ch 8.2
TRANSCRIPT
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U.S. History
Chapter 8: Forming a GovernmentSection 2: Problems in the New Nation
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What are some reasons that the United States is the world’s
most powerful country?
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A Lack of Respect
• Congress could not force states to provide soldiers for an army
• Difficult to protect citizens & interests
The Articles of Confederation
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A Lack of Respect
•Difficult to enforce international treaties
•Great Britain would not give up forts
Singing the Treaty of Paris
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A Lack of Respect
•Spain closed the lower Mississippi River to US ships View of the
Mississippi River
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Trouble with Trade
•Great Britain closed many of its ports to American ships
•American merchants forced to pay high tariffs on U.S. exports
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Trouble with Trade
•Farmers no longer able to export goods to British West Indies
•Forced to hire expensive British ships to carry goods to British markets
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Trouble with Trade
•Great Britain closed many of its ports to American ships
•American merchants forced to pay high tariffs on U.S. exports
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Trouble with Trade
•British selling goods cheap goods in America
•Hurt American businesses
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Trouble with Trade
•Congress did not have the power to pass tariffs
•Tariffs—taxes on imports or exports
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Economic Problems at Home
•Congress had no power to regulate interstate commerce
•Interstate Commerce—trade between two or more states
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Economic Problems at Home
•Each state followed their own commercial interests
•Made business difficult for merchants doing business across state lines
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Economic Problems at Home
•States struggled with war debt and tax collection
•Printed large amounts of papers money
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Economic Problems at Home
•Inflation—increased prices for goods and services combined with the reduced value of money
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1934
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Today
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•Congress powerless to stop states from issuing paper money
•Paper money was almost worthless
Economic Problems at Home
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Economic Problems at Home
•Debtors—people who owe money
•Creditors—people who lend money
•Inflation and loss of trade lead to a depression
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Debt in Massachusetts
• Massachusetts did not print paper money
• Tried to pay for war debt by collecting taxes on land
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Debt in Massachusetts
•Hit farmers hard
•Had to pay debts in gold or silver
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Debt in Massachusetts
•Courts forced people to sell land or go to prison
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Shay’s Rebellion
•Angry farmers began to revolt
•Shut down courts in western part of state
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Shay’s Rebellion
•Daniel Shays—leader of rebels
•Farmer and Revolutionary War veteran
Daniel Shays
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Shay’s Rebellion
•Massachusetts government asked national government for help
•Little it could do
•Weakness of Confederation government
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Shay’s Rebellion
•Reactions:
–Example of citizens freely expressing their opinions about government
–Embarrassment
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A Push for Change
• 1786: Virginia calls for a national conference to change the Articles
• Sept 1786: 5 states send delegates to Annapolis ConventionAnnapolis Convention
Report
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A Push for Change
• Annapolis convention calls on all 13 States to send delegates to a Constitutional Convention in May 1783
Maryland Statehouse—site of Annapolis
Convention