u.s. department of energy fuel cell technologies office...august 2014 may 2017 note: cumulative...
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FuelCellTechnologiesOfficeU.S.DepartmentofEnergy
AnOverviewoftheFCTOHydrogenStorageProgram’sCompressedGasStorageR&DChallengesandStrategies
U.S.DepartmentofEnergyFuelCellTechnologiesOffice
BrianRiceCourtesyofNedStetson
Fuel Cell Technologies Office |1HydrogenFuelCellVehiclesareNowAvailable!
Initialvehiclerolloutoccurringwithcompressed700barpressurehydrogenstorage
HyundaiTucsonFuelCell ToyotaMirai
PhotoCredit:HyundaiMotor PhotoCredit:ToyotaMotor
HondaClarityPhotoCredit:HondaMotor
AllcurrentcommercialFCEVsusetwo
700barcompositeoverwrappedpressurevesselsforonboardhydrogenstorage
Fuel Cell Technologies Office |2
-
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
U.S.FuelCellCarSalesandExpertOutlook
2,000
Absolutelyorpartlyagreethat
fuelcellcarssoldorleasedintheU.S.
August2014 May2017
Note:Cumulativenumberofvehiclessold/leased.Source:hybridcars.com
FuelCellCarSalesGrowing
Fuelcellcarswillbetherealbreakthroughforelectricmobility
78%ofexecutives
KPMG,GlobalAutomotiveExecutiveSurvey2017(Jan.2017)
Fuel Cell Technologies Office |3FuelCells:BigleapsinHeavyDutyTruckSpace
ZH2:U.S.ArmyandGMcollaborationFirstofitskind
FuelcellbusesinCAsurpass17Mpassengers
Industrydemonstratesfirstheavydutytruck
Fuelcellelectricdeliveryandparceltrucks– Firstofitskinddemonstration- FedExandUPSstartingdeliveriesthissummer!
Fuel Cell Technologies Office |4FuelCellForkliftOrdersontheRise
Credit:FuelCellEnergy
BMWplantinGreer,SouthCarolina
Over15,000fuelcellforkliftsdeployedoronorderbyindustry
Approx.6millionhydrogenrefuelings todate
MHE:MaterialHandlingEquipment(MHE),TypeIandII*Source:NREL..AnEvaluationoftheTotalCostofOwnershipofFuelCell–PoweredMHE(2013)
AnnualizedCostExample
Fuel Cell Technologies Office |5
GasolineHydrogen@700bar
~7xgasoline
GasolineHydrogen@700bar
~3.5xgasoline
ChallengesforHydrogenasanEnergyCarrier
Hydrogenisalow-densitygasunderallpracticalconditionsonearth
VeryLowEnergyDensity
Evenwhencompressedtohighpressures,H2 haslowenergyby
volumecomparedthanmostotherfuels!
H2 fueltanksonboardvehiclesarelargerthantypicalgasolinetanks
…even withefficiencyofthefuelcellis considered
HydrogeniscurrentlystoredinCompositeOverwrappedPressureVesselsat700bar(~10,000psig)
Fuel Cell Technologies Office |6CurrentStatusvs.RevisedTargets
StorageTargetsGravimetrickWh/kg(kgH2/kgsystem)
VolumetrickWh/L(kgH2/Lsystem)
Costs1$/kWh($/kgH2)
2020 1.5(0.045)
1.0(0.030)
$10($333)
2025 1.8(0.055)
1.3(0.040)
$9($300)
Ultimate 2.2(0.065)
1.7(0.050)
$8($266)
CurrentStatus2
700barcompressed(5.6kgH2,TypeIV,SingleTank)
1.4(0.042)
0.8(0.024)
$15($500)
ThefullsetofH2 storagetargetscanbefoundontheProgram’swebsite:https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/downloads/doe-targets-onboard-hydrogen-storage-systems-light-duty-vehicles
1 Projectedat500,000units/year2 FCTODataRecord#15013,11/25/2015:https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/15013_onboard_storage_performance_cost.pdf
Fuel Cell Technologies Office |7MoreChallengesforH2 asanEnergyCarrier
High-pressureH2 storagetanksareexpensiveanddifficulttopackageonboardvehicles
Conventional gasolinetanksarehighlyconformable
High-pressureH2 tanksarelargerandhaverigidcylindricalshapes
https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/15013_onboard_storage_performance_cost.pdf
CarbonFiber62%
ResinMaterials4%FilamentWinding6% OtherManufacturing
Processes3%
Muchhighercosts!
CarbonfibercompositeBalanceofPlantComponents
2020Target UltimateTarget
$2455for5kgH2
$3950for5kgH2
Analysisforasingletankdesign
Fuel Cell Technologies Office |8
LeveragingeffortsoftheInstituteforAdvancedCompositesManufacturingInnovation
InstituteforAdvancedCompositesManufacturingInnovation
Leveragedproject:ThermoplasticCompositeCompressedGasStorageTanks
Cross-Cutting:IACMI-TheCompositesInstitute
• InstituteofManufacturingUSA• ManagedbytheEEREAdvancedManufacturingOffice• TechnologyFocusAreas:
- Vehicles- WindTurbineBlades- CompressedGasStorageVessels- Design,Modeling&Simulation- CompositeMaterials&Processes
• Projectlead:DuPont• Partners:- CompositePrototyping
Center(CPC)- SteelheadComposites- UniversityofDayton
ResearchInstitute(UDRI)• Kick-off:FY2017,Q1