• AGENDA• MISSION STATEMENT:

– John F. Kennedy High School mission is to develop our Island students to become globally prime high achievers

• ESLR’s– Responsible Citizen– Problem Solver– Effective Communicator– Technologically Literate

• AGENDA– Objective:

• To examine the major events leading up to the War of 1812.

• HANDOUTS ON CHAPTER 6

Challenge to Neutrality

• CHAPTER 6 SECTION 4

France

Great BritainAmerican merchant

You boys can keep on killing each other. If either of y’all

need anything, just give us

Yankees a holler!

I hate you, French dude!

Je vous hais plus!

France

Great Britain

• In 1803, Britain and France went to war again.

• Both countries seized U.S. ships sailing towards the ports of their enemy.

Between 1808 and 1811 over 6,000 Americans were impressed by the British.

. • British ships impressed (captured/ forced to fight) US crew members, claiming they were deserters from Britain’s Royal Navy. They also confiscate cargos.

American merchant

Mr. President, the British and

French keep seizing American merchant ships. Something must

be done!

President Thomas Jefferson

I know what to do! If we don’t allow

American ships to trade with anyone, then they

won’t get attacked!

True, but that’s not

what I had in mind!

• Trade with all nations was allowed EXCEPT Britain /France.

Embargo Act (1807)

• The Embargo Act banned U.S. ships from trading with any country.

• This hurt the U.S. economy more!

Non-Intercourse Act (1809)

• All imports and exports were banned!

• US became self-sufficient. Laid the groundwork for industrial power.

The Embargo Act of 1813 is personified by a huge terrapin, who seizes a smuggler by the pants. The cartoon was aimed at the people of New England, who, allegedly, were supplying the British with provisions.

War Hawks

34 year old Henry Clay, Speaker of the US House or Representative and War Hawk leader.

War Hawks – members of Congress,

led by Henry Clay (want war with Britain)

I. Nationalism – pride or devotion to one’s country

War Hawk’s Rationale for War

II. Territorial Expansion

III. Want an end of British support to Natives

Election of 1808

• 4th President• Democratic-Republican

• James Madison

Western Conflict

• after independence, many poured into the West

• settlers ignored Indian rights and pushed their way in

• invalid treaties were negotiated» Indian faced lost of culture

The Prophet and Tecumseh

• Tenskwatawa, also known as “The Prophet”, - to survive, Native Americans had to give up white ways of life.

• Tecumseh wanted to unify all tribes and resist all further settlement and revive culture

• In 1808, the Prophet built a village for his followers in Tippecanoe, Indiana.

William Henry Harrison, Territorial Governor of Indiana

Showdown at Tippecanoe

• In 1811, Native grew and aided by Britain

• William Henry Harrison led 1,000 troops against them in the Battle of Tippecanoe Creek.

Madison re-elected

WAR of 1812Madison asked Congress to go to

war with BritainUS believed it would be a short war

since Britain was too busy fighting with France. It’s forces will be divided.

The U.S. declared war on Great Britain because of their:

- impressment of U.S. sailors.

- violation of U.S. sea rights.

- support of Native Americans.

In the War of 1812, the U.S. captured and burned the Canadian city of York.

Then US found out the France LOST.

Now Britain can concentrate its forces toward US

In return, the British marched on Washington D.C. They burned the White House, the Capitol, and other buildings.

Washington, D.C on FIRE!

The city was completely unprepared for the invaders, but one woman took immediate action. Even as people were fleeing the city in droves, First Lady Dolley Madison refused to leave without some of the nation's most important treasures-including the famous Gilbert Stuart portrait of George Washington.

The British took Ft. McHenry near Baltimore, MD. They bombarded the fort with cannonballs fired from land and nearby ships.

Aboard the British flag-ship was an American lawyer name Francis

Francis did not sleep that night as the British guns pounded Ft. McHenry. From the deck of the warship he could see the flash of guns firing away. Could the Americans hold out? During the night, Francis asked himself that question many times.

The night gave way to dawn.

For three day the bombs bursting in air Francis peered through the haze and smoke. When the air cleared, he saw the stars and stripes were still there. The British had failed to capture Ft. McHenry.

• When the smoke cleared, “our flag was still there”.

• In response, Francis decided to write a poem

The Star-Spangled Banner O say can you see, by the

dawn's early light,What so proudly we hail'd at the twilight's last gleaming,Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fightO'er the ramparts we watch'd were so gallantly streaming? (defensive barrier) And the rocket's red glare, the bomb bursting in air,Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there,O say does that star-spangled banner yet waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

Francis Scott Key

The Star-Spangled Banner, written in Francis Scott Key’s own handwriting. (1840)

The original Star-Spangled Banner The Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History,

Washington, D.C.

Treaty of Ghent

• While it ended the war, the treaty did not resolve any of the problems between Britain and the U.S.

• Neither side gained much- returned things the way it were

• set boundaries between US and Canada

• Fueled national pride and gained respect

• Considered victory: held its own against a major powerful nation

• Sealed the faith of US as an independent nation

Battle of New Orleans

• Led by Gen. Andrew Jackson, the U.S. defeated the British two weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was signed.

• Casualties: Britain – 2,030; U.S. – 7

Battle of New Orleans: Eyewitness Accounts

“Such a destruction of men, for the time it lasted, was never before witnessed”

- American Engineer Major Tatum Howell