urinary system. kidney structure capsule – cortex – medulla the cortex is characterized by renal...
TRANSCRIPT
KIDNEY STRUCTURE
CAPSULE – CORTEX – MEDULLA
• The cortex is characterized by renal corpuscles and their tubules
• The medullary ray is an aggregation of straight tubules and straight collecting tubules
• The medulla is characterized by straight tubules, collecting ducts and a special capillary network
• The renal columns represent cortical tissue contained within the medulla
NEPHRON
THE NEPHRON IS THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF THE KIDNEY
CORTICAL - JUXTAMEDULLARY - INTERMEDIATERENAL CORPUSCLE:
GLOMERULUS
↑ ↓
afferent arteriole efferent arteriole↑
Renal or Bowman’s capsule:
-Podocytes
-The glomerular basement membrane
TUBULAR PART OF NEPHRON
• Proximal convoluted tubule• Proximal straight tubule acids, sugars, water,
electrolyte, polypeptides
• Thin segment – loop of Henle reabsorption
• Distal straight tubule Na+, bicarbonate ion• Distal convoluted tubule reabsorption
• Collecting tubules concentration of the urine• Collecting ducts
JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS
INCLUDES:
- Macula densa- Juxtaglomerular cells- Extraglomerular mesangial cells
The juxtaglomerular apparatus regulates blood pressure
BLOOD SUPPLY
RENAL ARTERY→
INTERLOBAR BRANCHES →
ARCUATE ARTERY (in between medulla and cortex)→
INTERLOBULAR ARTERIES →
AFFERENT ARTERIOLES→
GLOMERULUS (rete mirabile, primary capillary network)→
EFFERENT ARTERIOLES→
PERITUBULAR CAPILLARIES
(secondary capillary network )
EXCRETORY PASSAGES• Minor calyx
(1) MUCOSA• Major calyx
-Transitional epithelium• Renal pelvis -Lamina propria mucosae
-Lamina muscularis mucosae
• Ureter (2) MUSCULARIS
• Urinary (3) ADVENTITIA / SEROSAbladder
• Urethra