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Urban Settlement PatternsUrban Settlement Patterns

Urban SettlementUrban Settlement

• Urbanization - the process by which an area changes from being rural to being urban. It includes a great increase in population density and includes expansion of urban functions like manufacturing and services

• Urbanization - the process by which an area changes from being rural to being urban. It includes a great increase in population density and includes expansion of urban functions like manufacturing and services

Urban SettlementUrban Settlement• Urbanization occurred because of

changes in the economy - agricultural machinery was developed- More jobs were created- Rural residents moved into the towns- Immigrants moved to cities

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Urban SettlementUrban SettlementThe Growth of an Urban PlaceThe four main reasons that contributed to acity’s growth are:1. Manufacturing - manufacturing made

sense because there were raw materials (mainly agricultural) that could be used. Markets were also interested in buying the products of the factories - some of these customers were local and others were outside the area and received it by rail

Urban SettlementUrban Settlement

2. Transportation - railways were constructed and allowed people to move to and from the town. It also encouraged the growth of manufacturing

Urban SettlementUrban Settlement3. Resource Use - clay and mineral deposits led

directly to the existence of a town or city. The multiplier effect is a result - ie. a new brick factory opens and employs 100 workers. These workers and their families need housing, schools, stores, banks, restaurants, medical facilities, and other services. In order to supply these, perhaps 900 other workers and their families would come to live in the rapidly growing city. As a result 1200 people would be added to the population because of the 100 jobs opening up in the new factory.

Urban SettlementUrban Settlement• Service Centre - there is a hierarchy of urban

services. A small town will offer a grocery store, a post office, an elementary school. A larger town will offer shopping, a hospital, and a high school. Very large cities will offer television production, large universities, specialized hospitals, and entertainments (sports teams or opera companies)

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Urban Hierarchy

There has been significant movement of people in

Canada between urban and rural areas over time.In

most cases, people in rural areas live in a hamlet,

village, or town. People in urban areas live in a

suburb, city, or metropolis. These different types of

places to live are known as the urban hierarchy

(each one is a larger settlement going up the line

than the one before it).

Urban Hierarchy

There has been significant movement of people in

Canada between urban and rural areas over time.In

most cases, people in rural areas live in a hamlet,

village, or town. People in urban areas live in a

suburb, city, or metropolis. These different types of

places to live are known as the urban hierarchy

(each one is a larger settlement going up the line

than the one before it).

Urban SettlementUrban Settlement

hamlet village town suburb city metropolis

Urban SettlementUrban SettlementUrbanization is the movement of people UP the urban hierarchy. Counter-urbanization is the movement of people DOWN the urban hierarchy (metropolis→ hamlet). While our cities are still getting larger, some people are choosing to move away from cities.•In general, there are now three categories of people living in rural areas.

– Newcomers - retain ties to urban core, younger, well educated, well off, managers/professionals

– Homecomers - young families returning to provide rural upbringing to children

– Ruralites – have never lived in an urban core

Why are people leaving the cities to live in smaller towns and villages?

– health issues, security, “community”

– “back to nature” movement (desire to live in the country)

– increase in telecommuting (less need to be at an office)

– cheaper land and house prices

Urban SettlementUrban Settlement

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