urban mentors: erosion prevention & sediment control
DESCRIPTION
This is a training on erosion prevention & sediment control for small projects using the most commonly available and effective methods for various runoff conditions.TRANSCRIPT
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Erosion Prevention & Sediment Controlfor Small Scale/Homeonwer Projects
Sustainability for all the places between the buildings.
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About Me
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About You
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Today, we will discuss
Best management practices (BMPs) for:Preventing erosion &Controlling sediment
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Brief ActivityShake the Soil Jars!
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The Water Balance ModelWater Quantity Before
25% baseflow(infiltration)
50%
evap
ora
tion
0.5% runoff
100%
avera
ge
An
nu
al ra
infa
ll
25%
gro
un
dw
ate
r(i
nfi
ltra
tion
)
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Water Balance BEFORE DevelopmentSimplified
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The Water Balance ModelWater Quantity After
0” baseflow(infiltration)
red
uced
evap
o-
tran
sp
irati
on
100%
rain
fall
yearl
y a
vg
98% runoff
2%
evap
o-
tran
sp
irati
on
Red
uced
infi
ltra
tion
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Water Balance AFTER DevelopmentExample: EVERYWHERE
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“Before” & “After” Runoff Compared
0.5% runoff
98% runoff
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Runoff Volumes: A Watershed Perspective
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The Water Balance ModelWater Quality Before
Some sediment
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The Water Balance ModelWater Quality After
Sediment (air particulates)Nutrients
FecesOther debris
Sediment/turbidityHydrocarbons
Heavy metals (particles & soluble)Other chemicalsRunoff volume
Sediment/turbidityfertilizerspesticidesherbicides
Runoff volume
13
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Water Quality & Soil: A Watershed Perspective
STRESS
COVER ABANDONED * AVOIDANCE *
INCREASED RESPIRATION * REDUCED
FEEDING * INCREASED COUGHING RATES
REDUCED GROWTH RATES * DELAYED HATCHING *
LONG TERM REDUCTION IN FEEDING
DEATH
RELATIONSHIP OF FISH ACTIVITY TO TURBIDITY
TIME (LOG 10)
TU
RB
IDIT
Y (
LOG
10)
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Soil is a Precious Resource (but very mobile)
Image from Soil Quality Information Sheet, U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Soil disturbance water quality approaches
Prevent impacts/Source controlProtect resourcesMitigate impactsRestore resources
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An Ounce of Prevention…
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Source ControlMaterials Handling
Place stockpiles so they don’t drain towards the street or a catch basin inlet
Protect the soil from spills
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Source ControlKeep dirty stuff covered
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Source ControlSweep your pavement
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Erosion PreventionRetain Natural Vegetation
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Tree Health During Construction
http://tinyurl.com/TreeProt
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Soil Quality ProtectionLimit Compaction
The fencing below is great for protecting the tree, but its purpose is defeated when you move the fence to store materials inside it.
Rent track-hoe or flotation tire equipment to do the heavy lifting.
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Erosion Prevention
Erosion prevention is any practice that protects the soil surface and prevents the soil particles from being detached by rainfall or wind.
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Erosion PreventionKeep soils covered
Courtesy of James Santana
Rills have formed as a result of impervious soils concentrating runoff
A generous covering of straw is one way to protect soil. Compost works, too!
Courtesy of Paul Keiran
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Erosion PreventionCover Soils with Hydroseeding
Hydroseeding is more expensive than straw and isn’t as reliable, but has the benefit of future vegeation growth.
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Erosion PreventionCover Soils with Fabrics
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Erosion PreventionLimit Disturbance
Fencing
Plan new infrastructure over old
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Soil disturbance water quality approaches
Prevent impactsProtect resourcesMitigate impactsRestore resources
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Soil Quality ProtectionTime of Year Matters - Erosion
Dry weather is the best time to avoid impacts
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Habitat ValueTime of Year Matters
Primary nesting season is Apr 15 – Jul 31
Anna’s HumingbirdsPhoto by G. Engstrom Graphics from BES Terrestial Ecology Publication
“Avoiding Impacts on Nesting Birds During Construction & Revegetation Projects”
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Soil disturbance water quality approaches
Prevent impactsProtect resourcesMitigate impactsRestore resources
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Sediment Control
“Sediment Control is any practice that traps the soil particles after they have been detached and moved by wind or water”…
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Sediment Control
…to prevent this!
Photo excerpted from “ODEQ Erosion and Sediment Control Manual”, DEQ, Apr 2005
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Different strategies for two kinds of flow
Overland (aka Sheet Flow) Concentrated
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Sediment Control - Overland FlowSediment Fence Use & Maintenance
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Sediment Control - Overland FlowSilt Fence Effectiveness
If you MUST use a sediment fence, use it only in sandy soils, never in clayey soils!
Photos and study and text excerpted from “BMPs for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction Activities”, DEQ, Feb 2006
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Sediment Control for Overland FlowCompost Berm
May be vegetated (foreground) or non-vegetated (background)
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Sediment Control for All FlowsCompost Sock
Heavy & expensive, but there’s really no substitute for controlling sediment on pavement, as shown
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Sediment Control for All FlowsWattle
Courtesy of Paul Keiran
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Sediment Control for Concentrated Flows at Inlets
Inlet Filters
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Sediment Control: Concentrated FlowsProtecting Catch Basin Inlets
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Soil disturbance water quality approaches
Prevent impactsProtect resourcesMitigate impactsRestore resources
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Restore Soil QualityCompost Amendment
All photos from Soils for Salmon website
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Restore Soil QualityAmend Disturbed Soils with Compost
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Restore Soil QualityMycoryhzal Treatment
from www.fungi.com
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Confirm Establishment Before Removing Controls
Courtesy of Paul Keiran
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Take Home Messages
•A little bit of dirt can muddy a lot of water•Your best, best management practices for protecting water
resources from excess soils on a variety of projects are:•Sweeping•Soil cover strategies (fabrics, compost, straw)•Biobags•Compost berms•Wattles•Like everything, how you install and maintain determines
how well they work
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For much more detailed (but easy to understand) info…
Oregon DEQ Publication: Construction Stormwater Erosion and Sediment Control Manual
http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/wqpermit/docs/general/npdes1200c/ErosionSedimentControl.pdf
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Have fun
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Thank You!
Sustainability for all the places between the buildings.
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Erosion ControlGravel Construction Entrance
Existing Pavement or approved access point
4-6” Crushed Aggregate (ie. Big, angular rocks)
Geotextile fabric (aka Filter fabric) underneath
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Reduce Excavation
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Salvage Materials
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Recycle Construction Materials