uq qaafi - ambassador's speaker series oct 2013

Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation

Food Security in the Asia-Pacific:

Can we have our fuel and eat it ?II

Robert J Henry Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation


RESEARCH FRONTIERS

Meeting the global challenge

Innovations to feed, fuel & heal a growing & aging population in an environmentally sustainable way

UQ Research frontiers


Food Security


Africa


Australia-Asia


World population growth

Population growth


Food consumption per person

One billion starving Two billion obese


Progress in crop production

Ray et al. (2013) PLOS One 8: ee66428

Advances in DNA Technology


Global importance of Australian Rice Sotowa M, Ootsuka K, Kobayashi Y, Hao Y, Tanaka K, Ichitani K, Flowers JM, Purugganan MD, Nakamura I, Sato Y-I, Sato T, Crayn D, Simon B, Waters DLE, Henry RJ and Ishikawa R (2013) Molecular relationships between Australian annual wild rice, Oryza meridionalis, and two related perennial forms. Rice


Asian and Australian rice

Species A

Species B

Asian

Australian

Oryza meridionalis

Oryza australiensis


Aleurone

Endosperm

Pericarp

Embryo

Protein, Starch

Minerals, Vitamins Dietary Fibre Antioxidants

Processed Fibre Bioactives

Next Generation Wheat Initiative


Chapatti quality


Protein and loaf volume Test baking Glen Fox and Terry Taylor


Starches and Human Health

Wheat relative A and B type Granules A: <10µM B: 10-50µM

Rice like Granules Rigid dodecahedrons 2-5µM Compound granules

Sorghum granules 10-30µM Spherical to non-uniform polyhedral


Koepke T, Schaeffer S, Harper A, Dicenta F, Henry RJ, Moller BL, Sanchez-Perez R, Dhingra A (2013) Comparative Genomics Analysis in Prunoideae to Identify Biologically Relevant Polymorphisms. Plant Biotechnology Journal 11, 883-893.

Whole genome comparative DNA analysis for crop improvement


Why Coffee? Coffee is one the most traded commodities worldwide and is the second commodity exported by developing countries. More than 75 million families, almost exclusively in Southern countries, rely on coffee production. Out of the more than 100 Coffea species, only 2 are widely cultivated, C. arabica (75% of the market) and C. canephora (25%). Improvement is still necessary to better tolerate biotic (fungi, bacteria, nematodes, insects…) and abiotic (drought) stresses.

XIX PAG 2011


Coffee Consortium

Nestlé R&D: Dominique Crouzillat Michel Rigoreau

UMR DIADE: Alexandre de Kochko Romain Guyot Christine Tranchant Valérie Poncet Perla Hamon Serge Hamon Claudine Campa Stéphane Dussert Thierry Joët

UMR RPB: Philippe Lashermes Benoît Bertrand Marie-Christine Combes François Anthony

UMR AGAP: Xavier Argout Thierry Leroy

GENOSCOPE: Patrick Wincker

Università di Trieste: Giorgio Graziosi Alberto Pallavicini ENEA: Giovanni Giuliano Gaetano Perrotta

EMBRAPA: Alan C. Andrade

University at Buffalo: Victor Albert University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign: Ray Ming Hawaii Agriculture Research Center: Chifumi Nagai Ming-Li Wang University of Arizona: Steve Rounsley

University of Queensland: Robert Henry

University of Ottawa: David SANKOFF

ICCRI: Priyono

Coffee Bord of India: Jayarama


Wild coffee species


Energy security


Declining Australian oil production

Australian production

Imported

Oil

cons

umpt

ion

2010 2020

Source: ABARE

$30 Billion


Bioenergy   Economics   Climate change   Security of energy supply


US and Australian Navy


Biofuel from non-food plants

Biomass (cellulose)

Sugars

Pre- treatment Enzyme

Ethanol Aviation Fuel Biodiesel


Sugarcane

  Souza GM, Berges H, Bocs S, Casu R, D’Hont A, Ferreira JE, Henry R, Ming R Potier B, Van Sluys MA, Vincentz M and Paterson AH (2011) The sugarcane genome challenges: Strategies for sequencing a highly complex genome. Tropical Plant Biology 4: 145-156.


Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) in sugarcane leaves

McQualter et al UQ

Biodegradable plastics from plants


Eucalypts

Shepherd M, Bartle, J, Lee DJ, Brawner J, Bush D, Turnbull P, Macdonell P, Brown TR, Simmons B and Henry R (2011) Eucalypts as a biofuel feedstock. Biofuels 2: 639-657.


Domestication of New Crops

Henry RJ (2011) Next generation sequencing for understanding and accelerating crop domestication. Briefings in Functional Genomics 11: 51-56.


Domestication of new grains for food


Domes&ca&on of new species for bioenergy


Conflict between human and natural selection

  Fragrance

Bradbury LME, Gillies SA, Brushett D, Waters DLE, Henry RJ (2008) Inactivation of an aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase is responsible for fragrance in rice. Plant Molecular Biology 68: 439-449.


Impact of climate change on biodiversity and agriculture

Cronin, JK, Bundock, PC, Henry, RJ and Nevo, E (2007) Adaptive Climatic Molecular Evolution in Wild Barley at the Isa Defense Locus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 104: 2773-2778.


Adaptation to Climate Collection sites from sea level to mountain tops

Fitzgerald TL, Shapter FM, McDonald S, Waters DLE, Chivers IH, Drenth A, Nevo E and Henry RJ (2011) Genome diversity in wild grasses under environmental stress. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 108, 21139-21144.


Website

http://www.climatechangegenomics.org/index.php


Improved Genetics for Food and Energy

Sexton TR, Henry RJ, Harwood CE, Thomas DS, McManus LJ, Raymond C, Henson M and Shepherd M (2012) Pectin methylesterase genes influence solid wood properties of Eucalyptus pilularis. Plant Physiology 158: 531-541

Kharabian-Masouleh A, Waters DLE, Reinke RF, Ward R, Henry RJ (2012) SNP in starch biosynthesis genes associated with nutritional and functional properties of rice. Scientific Reports 2, 557


New Land for Agriculture


Rainfall to Support Agriculture


World Population Increasing in the Tropics


QS Ranking of Universities Field of Agriculture and Forestry 2013

World Rank Country Rank 1 Davis 1  Wageningen 4  Cornell 5  Wisconsin 5 Texas A&M 6 Purdue 7 University of Queensland 1 29 The University of Adelaide 2 30 The Australian National University 3 42 University of Melbourne 4 49 The University of Sydney 5



Food, Fibre, Energy & Biomaterials

Science for Sustainable Agriculture and Food

QAAFI is funded by the University of Queensland and the Queensland Government

uq qaafi - ambassador's speaker series oct 2013

Education

food innovation food

food innovation protein

food innovation asian

food innovation starches

food innovation progress

food innovation africa

food innovation australiaasia

australian rice species