upsc csat 2013 question paper with detailed solutions and answer key

8/12/2019 UPSC CSAT 2013 Question Paper With Detailed Solutions and Answer Key

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GS-Paper - II

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TEST BOOKLETCSATPAPER - II

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UPSC CSAT 2012


Directions for the following 15 (fifteen) items:

Read the following three passages and answer the

items that follow each passage. Your answer to these

items should be based on the passage only.

Passage 1

Education, without a doubt, has an important

functional, instrumental and utilitarian dimension.

This is revealed when one asks questions such as

what is the purpose of education?.The answers, too

often, are to acquire qualifications for

employment/upward mobility, wider/higher (in

terms of income) opportunities, and to meet the

needs for trained human power in diverse fields for

national development. But in its deepest sense

education is not instrumentalist. That is to say, it is

not to be justified outside of itself because it leads tothe acquisition of formal skills or of certain desired

psychological social attributes. It must be respected

in itself, Education is thus not a commodity to be

acquired or possessed and then used, but a process of

inestimable importance to individuals and society,

although it can and does have enormous use value.

Education then, is a process of expansion and

conversion, not in the sense of converting or turning

students into doctors or engineers, but the widening

and turning out of the mind the creation, sustenance

and development of self-critical awareness and

independence of thought. It is an inner process of

moral intellectual development.

1. What do you understand by the instrumentalistview of education?

(1) Education is functional and utilitarian in itspurposes.

(2) Education is meant to fulfill human needs.(3) The purpose of education is to train the

human intellect

(4) Education is meant to achieve moraldevelopment.

2. According to the passage, education must berespected in itself because

(1) it helps to acquire qualifications foremployment.

(2) it helps in upward mobility and acquiringsocial status.

(3) it is an inner process of moral andintellectual development.

(4) All the (1), (2) and (3) given above arecorrect in the context.

3. Education is a process in which(1) students are converted into trained

professionals

(2) opportunities for higher income aregenerated.

(3) individuals develop self-critical awarenessand independence of thought.

(4) qualification for upward mobility areacquired.

Passage 2

Chemical pesticides lose their role in sustainable

agriculture if the pests evolve resistance. The

evolution of pesticide resistance is simply natural

selection in action. It is almost certain to occurs when

vast numbers of a genetically variable population are

killed. One or a few individuals may be unusually

resistant (perhaps because they possess an enzyme

that can detoxify the pesticide). If the pesticide is

applied repeatedly, each successive generation of the

pest will contain a larger proportion of resistant

individuals. Pests typically have a high intrinsic rate

of reproduction, and so a few individuals in one

generation may give rise to hundreds or thousands in

the next, and resistance spreads very rapidly in a

population

This problem was often ignored in the past, even

though the first case of DDT

(dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) resistance was

reported as early as 1946. There is exponential

increase in the numbers of invertebrates that have

evolved resistance and in the number of pesticidesagainst which resistance has evolved. Resistance has

been recorded in every family of arthropod pests

(including dipterans such as mosquitoes and house

flies, lice and mites) as well as in beetles, moths,

wasps, fleas, lice and mites) as well as in weeds and

plant pathogens. Take the Alabama leafworm, a moth


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pest of cotton, as an example. IT has developed

resistance in one or more reions of the world to

aldrin, DDT, dieldrin, endrin, lindane and toxaphene.

If chemical pesticides brought nothing but problems,

if their use was intrinsically and acutely

unsustainable then they would already have fallenout of widespread use. This has not happened.

Instead, their rate of production has increased

rapidly. The ratio of cost to benefit for the individual

agricultural producer has remained in favour of

pesticide use. In the USA, insecticides have been

estimated to benefit the agricultural products to the

tune of around $5 for every $1 spent.

Moreover in many poorer countries, the prospect, of

imminent mass starvation, or of an epidemic disease,

are so frightening that the social and health costs of

using pesticides is justified by objective measuressuch as lives saved, economic efficiency of food

production and total food produced. In these very

fundamental senses, their use may be described as

sustainable. In practice, sustainability depends on

continually developing new pesticides that keeps at

least one step ahead of the pests pesticides that are

less persistent, biodegradable and more accurately

targeted at the pests.

4. The evolution of pesticide resistance is naturalselection in action. What does it actually imply?

(1) It is very natural for many organisms to havepesticide resistance.

(2) Pesticied resistance among organisms is auniversal phenomenon.

(3) Some individuals in any given populationshow resistance after the application of

pesticides.

(4) None of the statements (1), (2) and (3) givenabove is correct.

5. With reference to the passage, consider thefollowing statements:

1. Use of chemical pesticides has becomeimperative in all the poor countries of the

world.

2. Chemical pesticides should not have any rolein sustainable agriculture.

3. One pest can develop resistance to manypesticides.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

(1) 1 and 2 only (2) 3 only(3) 1 and 3 only (4) 1, 2 and 3

6. Though the problems associated with the use ofchemical pesticides is knows for a long time, their

widespread use has not warned. Why?

(1) Alternatives to chemical pesticides do notexist at all.

(2) New pesticides are not invented at all.(3) Pesticides are biodegradable.(4) None of the statements (1), (2) and (3) given

above is correct.

7. How do pesticides act as agents for the selectionof resistant individuals in any pest population?

1. It is possible that in a past population theindividuals will behave differently due to

their genetic makeup.

2. Pests do possess the ability to detoxify thepesticides.

3. Evolution of pesticide resistance is equallydistributed in pest population.


correct?

(1) 1 only (2) 1 and 2 only

(3) 3 only (4) 1, 2 and 3

8. Why is the use of chemical pesticides generallyjustified by giving the examples of poor and

developing countries?

1. Developed countries can afford to do awaywith use of pesticides by adapting to organic

framing, but it is imperative for poor and

developing countries to use chemical

pesticides

2. In poor and developing countries, thepesticide addresses the problem of epidemic

diseases of crops and eases the food problem.


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3. The social and health costs of pesticides useare generally ignored in poor and developing

countries.


correct?


(3) 2 only (4) 1, 2 and 3

9. What does the passage imply?(1) Alternatives options to chemical pesticides

should be promoted.

(2) Too much use of chemicals is not goods forthe ecosystem.

(3) There is no scope for the improvement ofpesticides and making their use sustainable.

(4) Both the statements (1) and (2) above arecorrect.

Passage - 3

Todays developing economies use much less energy

per capita than developed countries such as the

United State did at similar incomes, showing the

potential for lower-carbon growth. Adaptation and

mitigation need to be integrated into a climate-smart

development strategy that increases resilience,

reduces the threat of further global warming, and

improves development outcomes. Adaptation and

mitigation measures can advance development, and

prosperity can raise incomes and foster better

institutions. A healthier population living in better-

build houses and with access to bank loans and social

security is better equipped to deal with a changes in

the climate, already begun, will increase even in the

short term.

The spread of economic prosperity has always been

intertwined with adaptation to changing ecological

conditions. But as growth has altered the

environment and as environmental change hasaccelerated, sustaining growth and adaptability

demands greater capacity to understand our

environment, generate new adaptive technologies

and practices and diffuse them widely. As economic

historians have explained, much of humankinds

creative potential has been directed at adapting to the

changing world. But adaptation cannot cope with all

the impacts related to climate change, especially as

larger changes unfold in the long term.

Countries cannot grow out of harms way fast enough

to match the changing climate. And some growth

strategies, whether driven by the government or themarket, can also add to vulnerability particularly if

they overexploit natural resources. Under the soviet

development plan, irrigated cotton cultivation

expanded in water-stressed Central Asia and led to

the near disappearance of the Aral Sea, threatening

the livelihoods of fishermen, herders and farmers.

And clearing mangroves the natural coastal buffers

against storm surges to make way for intensive

farming or housing development, increases the

physical vulnerability of coastal settlements, whether

in Guinea or in Louisiana.10.Which of the following conditions of growth can

add to vulnerability?

1. When the growth occurs due to excessiveexploitation of mineral resources and forests.

2. When the growth brings about a change inhumankinds creative potential.

3. When the growth is envisaged only forproviding houses and social security to the

people.

4. When the growth occurs due to emphasis onfarming only.

Select the correct answer using the codes given

below:

(1) 1 only (2) 2, 3 and 4 only

(3) 1 and 4 only (4) 1, 2, 3 and 4

11.What does low-carbon growth imply in thepresent context?

1. More emphasis on the use of renewablesources of energy.

2. Less emphasis on manufacturing sector andmore emphasis on agriculture sector.

3. Switching over from monoculture practicesto mixed farming.

4. Less demand for goods and services.


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below:

(1) 1 only

(2) 2, 3 and 4 only

(3) 1 and 4 only

(4) None of the above implies low-carbon growth

12.Which of the following conditions is/arenecessary for sustainable economic growth?

1. Spreading of economic prosperity more.2. Popularising/spreading of adaptive

technologies widely.

3. Investing on research in adaptation andmitigation technologies.


below:


(3) 1 and 3 only (4) 1, 2 and 3

13.Which of the following inferences can be madefrom the passage?

1. Rainfed crops should not be cultivated inirrigated areas.

2. Farming under water-deficient areas shouldnot be a part of development strategy.


below:

(1) 1 only (2) 2 only

(3) Both 1 and 2 (4) Neither 1 nor 2

14.Consider the following assumptions:1. Sustainable economic growth demands the

use of creative potential of man.

2. Intensive agriculture can lead to ecologicalbacklash.

3. Spread of economic prosperity can adverselyaffect the ecology and environment.

With reference to the passage, which of the above

assumptions is/are valid?


(3) 1 and 3 only (4) 1, 2 and 3

15.Which one of the following statementsconstitutes the central theme of this passage?

(1) Countries with greater economic prosperityare better equipped to deal with the

consequences of climate change.

(2) adaptation and mitigation should beintegrated with development strategies.

(3) Rapid economic growth should not bepursued by both developed and developing

economies.

(4) Some countries resort to overexploitation ofnatural resources for the sake of rapid

development.

16.Consider the following statements:1.

All artists are whimsical.

2. Some artists are drug addicts.3. Frustrated people are prone to become drug

addicts

From the above three statements it may be

concluded that

(1) Artists are frustrated.

(2) Some drug addicts are whimsical.

(3) All frustrated people are drug addicts.

(4) Whimsical people are generally frustrated.

17.Examine the following statements:1. Either A and B are of the same age or A is

older than B.

2. Either C and D are of the same age or D isolder than C.

3. B is older than C.Which one of the following conclusions can be

drawn from the above statements?

(1) A is older than B

(2) B and D are of the same age

(3) D is older than C

(4) A is older than C


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18.Examine the following statements:1. Only those who have a pair of binoculars can

become the members of the birdwatchers

club.

2. Some members of the birdwatchers clubhave cameras.

3. Those members who have cameras can takepart in photo-contests.

Which one of the following conclusion can be


(1) All those who have a pair of binoculars aremembers of the birdwatchers club.

(2) All members of the birdwatchers club have apair of binoculars.

(3) All those who take part in photo-contests aremembers of the birdwatchers club.

(4) No conclusion can be drawn.19.During the last summer vacation, Ankit went to a

summer camp where he took part in hiking,

swimming and boating. This summer, he is

looking forward to a music camp where he hopes

to sing, dance and learn to play guitar.

Based on the above information, four

conclusions, as given below, have been made.

Which one of these logically follows from the

information given above?

(1) Ankits parents want him to play the guitar.(2) Ankit prefers music to outdoor activities.(3) Ankit goes to some type of camp every

summer.

(4) Ankit likes to sing and dance.20.Three persons A, B and C wore shirts of black,

blue and orange colours (not necessarily in that

order). No person wore shirt and pants of the

same colour. Further, it is given that.

1. A did not wear shirt of black colour.2. B did not wear shirt of blue colour.3. C did not wear shirt of orange colour.4. A did not wear pants of green colour.5. B wore pants of orange colour.

What were the colours of the pants and shirt

worn by C, respectively?

(1) Orange and black

(2) Green and blue

(3) Yellow and blue

(4) Yellow and black

21.Ten new TV shows started in January 5 sitcoms,3 drama and 2 news magazines. By april, only

seven of the new shows were still on, five of them

being sitcoms.

Based on the above information, four

conclusions, as given below, have been made.

Which one of these logically follows from the

information given above?

(1) Only one news magazine show is still on.(2) Only one of the drama shows is still on.

(3) At least one discontinued show was a drama.

(4) Viewers prefer sitcoms over drama.

22.Read the passage given below and the twostatements that follow(given on the basis of the

passage):

Four men are waiting at Delhi airport for a

Mumbai flight. Two are doctors and the other two

are businessmen. Two speak Gujarati and two

speak Tamil. No two of the same profession speak

the same language. Two are Muslims and two are

Christians. No two of the same religion are of the

same profession, nor do they speak the same

language. The Tamil-speaking doctor is a

Christian.

1. The Christian-businessman speaks Gujarati.2. The Gujarati-speaking doctor is a Muslim.Which of the above statements is/are correct

conclusions?

(1) 1 only (2) 2 only


23.Consider the following statement:Though quite expensive, television is not a

luxury item, as one can learn many things

through television.


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Which one of the following is a valid inference

from the above statement?

(1) All expensive things are regarded as luxury.(2) All essential things for learning are not

luxury.

(3) Television is essential for learning(4) Television is not a luxury item.

24.Mr. Kumar drives to work at an average speed of48 km per hour. The time taken to cover the 1 st

60% of the distance is 10 mins more than the

time taken to cover the remaining distance. How

far is his office?

(1) 30 km (2) 40 km

(3) 45 km (4) 48 km

25.Gita is prettier than Sita but not as pretty as Rita.Then,

(1) Sita is not as pretty as Gita

(2) Sita is prettier than Rita

(3) Rita is not as pretty as Gita.

(4) Gita is prettier than Rita

26.Given that,1. A is the brother of B2. C is the father of A3. D is the brother of E4. E is the daughter of BThen the uncle of D is

(1) A (2) B

(3) C (4) E

27.Examine the following statements:1. Rama scored more than Rani2. Rani scored less than Ratna3. Ratna scored more than Rama4. Padma scored more than Rama but less than

Ratna.

Who scored the highest?

(1) Rama (2) Padma

(3) Rani (4) Ratna

Directions for the following 11(eleven) items:

Read the following three passages and answer the


items should be based on the passages only.

Passage - 1

Invasions of exotic species into new geographic areas

sometimes occur naturally and without human

agency. However, human actions have increased this

trickle to a flood. Human - caused introductions may

occur either accidentally as a consequence of human

transport, or intentionally but illegally to serve some

private purpose or legitimately to procure some

hoped-for public benefit by bringing a pest under

control, producing new agricultural products or

providing novel recreational opportunities. Many

introduced species are assimilated into communitieswithout much obvious effect. However, some have

been responsible for dramatic changes to native

species and natural communities. For example, the

accidental introduction of the brown tree snake Boiga

irregularis into Guam, an island in the Pacific, has

through nest predation reduced 10 endemic forest

bird species to the point of extinction.

One of the major reasons for the worlds greatest

biodiversity is the occurrence of centers of endemism

so that similar habitats in different parts of the world

are occupied by different groups of species thathappen to have evolved there. If every species

naturally had access to everywhere on the globe, we

might expect a relatively small number of successful

species to become dominant in each biome. The

extent to which this homogenization can happen

naturally is restricted by the limited powers of

dispersal of most species in the face of the physical

barriers that exit ot dispersal. By virtue of the

transport opportunities offered by humans, the

barriers have been breached by an ever-increasing

number of exotic species. The effects of introductions

have been to convert a hugely diverse range of local

community compositions into something much more

homogenous.

It would be wrong, however, to conclude that

introducing species to a region will inevitably cause a

decline in species richness there. For example, there


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are numerous species of plants, invertebrates and

vertebrates found in continental Europe but absent

from the British Isles (many because they have so far

failed to recolonize after the last glaciations). Their

introduction would be likely to argument British

biodiversity. The significant detrimental effect notedabove arises where aggressive species provide a

novel challenge to endemic biotas ill-equipped to deal

with them.

28.With reference to the passage, which of thefollowing statements is correct?

(1) Introduction of exotic species into newgeographical areas always leads to reduced

biodiversity.

(2) Exotic species introduced by man into newareas have always greatly altered the nativeecosystems.

(3) Man is the only reason to convert hugelydiverse range of local community

compositions into more homogenous ones

(4) None of the statements (1), (2) and (3) iscorrect in this context.

29.Why does man introduce exotic species into newgeographical areas?

1. To breed exotic species with local varieties2. To increase agricultural productivity3. For beautification and landscapingWhich of the above statements is/are correct?


(3) 1 and 3 only (4) 1, 2 and 3

30.How is homogenization prevented under naturalconditions?

(1) Evolution of groups of species specific tolocal habitats

(2) Presence of oceans and mountain ranges(3) Strong adaptation of groups of species to

local physical and climatic conditions

(4) All the statements (1), (2) and (3) givenabove are correct in this context.

31.How have the human beings influenced thebiodiversity?

1. By smuggling live organisms2. By building highways3. By making ecosystems sensitive so that new

species are not allowed

4. By ensuring that new species do not havemajor impact on local species

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(1) 1 and 2 (2) 2 and 3

(3) 1 and 3 (4) 2 and 4

32.What can be the impact of invasion of exoticspecies on an ecosystem?

1.

Erosion of endemic species2. Change in the species composition of the

community of the ecosystem


below:

(1) 1 only (2) 2 only


Passage - 2

Most champions of democracy have been rather

reticent in suggesting that democracy would itselfpromote development and enhancement of social

welfare they have tended to see them as good but

distinctly separate and largely independent goals. The

detractors of democracy, on the other hand, seemed

to have been quite willing to express their diagnosis

of what they see as serious tensions between

democracy and development. The theorists of the

practical split Make up your mind : do you want

development? often came, at least to start with,

from East Asian countries, and their voice grew in

influence as several of these countries were

immensely successful through the 1970s and 1980s

and even later in promoting economic growth

without pursuing democracy.

To deal with these issues we have to pay particular

attention to both the content of what can be called

development and to the interpretation of democracy

(in particular to the respective roles of voting and of


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1. It is desirable that the impact of ForeignDirect Investment should be pro-competitive.

2. The entry of foreign investors invariablyleads to the inflated prices in domestic

markets.


correct?

(1) 1 only (2) 2 only


37.According to the passage, how does a foreigninvestor dominate the relevant domestic market?

1. Multinational companies get accustomed todomestic laws.

2. Foreign companies establish joint ventureswith domestic companies.

3. Affiliates in a particular market/sector losetheir independence as their parent

companies overseas merge.

4. Foreign companies lower the cost of theirproduct as compared to that of products of

domestic companies.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(1) 1 and 2 only (2) 2 and 3 only

(3) 1, 2 and 3 only (4) 1, 2, 3 and 4

38.What is the inference from this passage?(1) Foreign investors and multinational

companies always dominate the domestic

market.

(2) It is not in the best interests of the domesticeconomy to allow mergers of companies.

(3) With competition law, it is easy to ensure alevel playing field between domestic and

foreign firms.

(4) For countries with open economy, ForeignDirect Investment is essential for growth.

39.Examine the following statements:1. I watch TV only if I am bored.2. I am never bored when I have my brothers

company.

3. Whenever I go to the theatre I take mybrother along.

Which one of the following conclusions is valid in

the context of the above statements?

(1) If I am bored, I watch TV.(2) If I am bored, I seek my brothers company.

(3) If I am not with my brother, then I watch TV.

(4) If I am not bored, I do not watch TV.

40.Only six roads A, B, C, P, Q and R connect amilitary camp to the rest of the country. Only one

out of A, P and R is open at any one time. If B is

closed, so is Q. Only one of A and B is open during

storms. P is closed during floods. In this context,

which one of the following statements is correct?

(1) Under normal conditions only three roadsare open.

(2) During storms at least one road is open.(3) During floods only three roads are open.(4) During calamities all roads are closed.

41.Examine the following statements:1. None but students are members of the club.2. Some members of the club are married

persons.

3. All married persons are invited for dance.Which one of the following conclusions can be


(1) All students are invited for dance.(2) All married students of the club are invited

for dance.

(3) All members of the club are married persons.(4) None of the above conclusions can be drawn.

42.Four political parties W, X, Y and Z decided to setup a joint candidate for the coming parliamentary

elections. The formula agreed by them was theacceptance of a candidate, by most of the parties.

Four aspiring candidates, A, B, C and D

approached the parties for their tickets.

A was acceptable to W but not to Z.

B was acceptable to Y but not to X.

C was acceptable to W and Y.


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D was acceptable to W and X.

When candidate B was preferred by W and Z,

candidate C was preferred by X and Z, and

candidate A was acceptable to X but not to Y; who

got the ticket?

(1) A (2) B

(3) C (4) D

43.Consider the following statements:1. All X-brand cars parked here are white.2. Some of them have radial tyres.3. All X-brand cars manufactured after 1986

have radial tyres.

4. All cars are not X-brand.Which one of the following conclusions can be


(1) Only white cars are parked here.(2) Some white X-brand cars with radial tyres

are parked here.

(3) Cars other than X-brand cannot have radialtyres.

(4) Most of the X-brand cars are manufacturedbefore 1986.

44.Consider the following statement:The third world War, if it ever starts, will endvery quickly with the possible end of civilization.

It is only the misuse of nuclear power which will

trigger it.

Based on the above statement, which one of the

following inferences is correct?

(1) Nuclear power will be used in the Thirdworld War.

(2) There will be no civilization left after theThird world War.

(3) The growth of nuclear power will destroycivilization in the long run.(4) Third world War will not take place.

45.The elements of the problem figures given beloware changing with a certain rule as we observe

them from left to right:

According to this rule, which of the following

would be the next figure if the changes were

continued with the same rule?

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

46.Consider the following information regarding theperformances of a class of 1000 students in four

different tests:

Tests I II III IV

Average marks 60 60 70 80

Range of marks30to90

45to75

20to

100

0to

100

If a student scores 74 marks in each of the four

tests, in which one of the following tests is herperformance the best comparatively?

(1) Test I (2) Test II

(3) Test III (4) Test IV

47.Six squares are coloured, front and back, red (R),blue (B), yellow (Y), green (G), white (W) and

orange (O) and are hinged together as shown in

the figure given below. If they are folded to form

a cube, what would be the face opposite the white

face?

(1) R (2) G

(3) B (4) O

R B

G Y O

W


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48.

In the above figure, circle P represents

hardworking people, circle Q represents

intelligent people, circle R represents truthful

people, and circle S represents honest people.

Which region represents the people who are

intelligent, honest and truthful but not

hardworking?

(1) 6 (2) 7

(3) 8 (4) 11

49.Three views of a cube following a particularmotion are given below:

What is the letter opposite to A

(1) H (2) P

(3) B (4) M

50.

Which one of the figure shown below occupies

the blank space (?) in the matrix given above?

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

Directions for the following 6 (six) items:

Read the following two passages and answer the


items should be based on the passage only.Passage - 1

The poor especially in market economies, need the

strength that collectivities offer for creating more

economic, social and political space for themselves,

for enhancing their socio-economic well-being and

voice, and as a protection against free market

individualism. It has been argued that a group

approach to farming, especially in the form of bottom

up agricultural production collectivities, offers

substantial scope for poverty alleviation and

empowering the poor as well as enhancing

agricultural productivity. To realize this potential,

however, the groups would need to be voluntary in

nature, small in size, participative in decision making

and equitable in work sharing and benefit

distribution. There are many notable examples of

such collectivities to be found in varied contexts, such

as in the transition economies. All of them bear

witness to the possibility of successful cooperation

under given conditions. And although the gender

impact of the family cooperatives in the transition

economies are uncertain, the Indian examples ofwomen-only groups farming offer considerable

potential for benefiting women.

51.Agricultural collectivities such as group basedfarming can provide the rural poor

1. Empowerment.

P Q

R S

10 11

9

4

1

78 6

2

35

K

A B

H

M K

HP

B

?


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UPSC CSAT 2012


2. Increased agricultural productivity.3. Safeguard against exploitative markets.4. surplus production of agricultural

commodities.


below:

(1) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (2) 1, 2 and 3 only

(3) 2 and 4 only (4) 1, 3 and 4 only

52.What does the author imply by gender impact?(1) Women are doubtful participants in

cooperatives.

(2) Family cooperatives may not include women.(3) Women benefiting from group farming.(4) Womens role in transition economies is

highly restrictive.

53.Consider the following assumptions:1. It is imperative for transition economies to

have agricultural collectivities.

2. Agricultural productivity can be increased bygroup approach to farming.

With reference to the above passage, which of

these assumptions is/are valid?

(1) 1 only (2) 2 only


Passage - 2

In a typical Western liberal context, deepening of

democracy invariably leads to consolidation of

liberal values. In the Indian context, democratization

is translated into greater involvement of people not

as individuals which is a staple to liberal discourse,

but as communities of groups. Individuals are getting

involved in the public sphere not as atomized

individuals but as members of primordial

communities drawn on religious or caste identity.Community-identity seems to be the governing force.

It is not therefore surprising that the so called

peripheral groups continue to maintain their

identities with reference to the social groups (castes,

religion or sect) to which they belong while getting

involved in the political processes despite the fact

that their political goals remain more or less identical.

By helping to articulate the political voice of the

marginalized, democracy in India has led to a

loosening of social strictures and empowered the

peripherals to be confident of their ability to improve

the socio-economic conditions in which they areplaced. This is a significant political process that had

led to a silent revolution through a meaningful

transfer of power from the upper caste elites to

various subaltern groups within the democratic

framework of public governance.

54.According to the passage, what does deepeningof democracy mean in the Western context?

(1) Consolidation of group and class identities.(2) Democratization translated as greater

involvement of people.(3) Democratization as greater involvement of

atomized individuals in the public sphere.

(4) None of the statement (1), (2) and (3) givenabove is correct in this context.

55.Greater democratization in India has notnecessarily led to

(1) the dilution of caste and communal identitiesin the public sphere.

(2) irrelevance of community identity as agoverning force in Indian politics.

(3) marginalization of elite group in society.(4) relative unimportance of hereditary

identities over class identities.

56.What is the silent revolution that has occurredin the Indian democratic process?

(1) Irrelevance of caste and class hierarchies inpolitical processes.

(2) Loosening of social strictures in votingbehavior and patterns.

(3) Social change through transfer of power fromupper caste elites to subaltern groups.

(4) All the statements (1), (2) and (3) givenabove are correct in this context.


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Directions for the following 5 (five) items:

Examine the information given in the following

paragraph and answer the items that follow:

Guest lectures on five subjects viz., Economics,

History, Statistics, English and Mathematics have to

be arranged in a week from Monday to Friday. Only

one lecture can be arranged on each day. Economics

cannot be scheduled on Tuesday. Guest faculty for

History is available only on Tuesday. Mathematics

lecture has to be scheduled immediately after the day

of economics lecture. English lecture has to be

scheduled immediately before the day of Economics

lecture.

57.Which lecture is scheduled on Monday?(1) History (2) Economics

(3) Mathematics (4) Statistics

58.Which lecture is scheduled between Statistics andEnglish?

(1) Economics (2) History

(3) Mathematics (4) No lecture

59.Which lecture is the last one in the week?(1) History (2) English

(3) Mathematics (4) Economics

60.Which lecture is scheduled on Wednesday?(1) Statistics (2) Economics

(3) English (4) History

61.Which lecture is scheduled before theMathematics lecture?

(1) Economics (2) History

(3) Statistics (4) English

62.Two glasses of equal volume are respectively halfand three-fourths filled with milk. They are thenfilled to the brim by adding water. Their contents

are then poured into another vessel. What will be

the ratio of milk to water in this vessel?

(1) 1 : 3 (2) 2 : 3

(3) 3 : 2 (4) 5 : 3

63.Consider the following statements:1. All machines consume energy.2. Electricity provides energy.3. Electrically operated machines are cheap to

maintain.

4. Electrically operated machines do not causepollution.

Which one of the following inferences can be


(1) All machines are run by electric energy(2) There is no form of energy other than

electricity.

(3) Most machines are operated on electricenergy.

(4) Electrically operated machines are preferableto use.

64.Examine the following statements:1. None but the rich can afford air-travel.2. Some of those who travel by air become sick.3. Some of those who become sick required

treatment.

Which one of the following conclusions can be


(1) All the rich persons travel by air.

(2) Those who travel by air become sick.

(3) All the rich persons become sick.

(4) All those who travel by air are rich.

65. In five flat, one above the other, live fiveprofessionals. The professor has to go up to meet

his IAS officer friend The doctor is equally

friendly to all, and has to go up as frequently as

go down. The engineer has to go up to meet his

MLA friend above whose flat lives the professors

friend.

From the ground floor to the top floor, in what

order do the five professionals live?

(1) Engineer, Professor, Doctor, IAS officer, MLA

(2) Professor, Engineer, Doctor, IAS officer, MLA

(3) IAS officer, Engineer, Doctor, Professor, MLA

(4) Professor, Engineer, Doctor, MLA, IAS officer


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Directions for the following 8 (eight) items:

The following eight items (questions 66 to 73) are

based on three passages in English to test the

comprehension of English language and therefore

these items do not have Hindi version. Read each

passage and answer the items that follow.

Passage - 1

For fourteen and a half months I lived in my little cell

or room in the Dehradun jail, and I began to feel as if I

was almost a part of it. I was familiar with every bit of

it , I knew every mark and dent on the whitewashed

walls and on the uneven floor and the ceiling with its

moth-eaten rafters. In the little yard outside I greeted

little tufts of grass and odd bits of stone as old friends.

I was not alone in my cell, for several colonies of wasp

and hornets lived there, and many lizards found ahome behind the rafters, emerging in the evening in

search of prey.

66.Which of the following explains best the sentencein the passage I was almost a part of it?

(1) I was not alone in the cell.

(2) I was familiar with every bit of the cell.

(3) I greeted little tufts of grass like old friends.

(4) I felt quite at home in the cell.

67.The passage attempts to describe(1) the general conditions of the countrys jails.(2) the prisoners capacity to notice the minute

details of his surroundings.

(3) the prisoners conscious efforts to overcomethe loneliness.

(4) the prisoners ability to live happily withother creatures.

68.The author of the passage seems to suggest that(1) it is possible to adjust oneself to uncongenial

surroundings.(2) the conditions in Indian prisons are not bad.(3) it is not difficult to spend ones time in a

prison.

(4) there is a need to improve the conditions inour jails.

Passage - 2

We started pitching the highest camp that has ever

been made. Everything took five times as long as it

would have taken in a place where there was enough

air to breathe; but at last we got the tent up, and

when we crawled in, it was not too bad. There was

only a light wind, and inside it was not too cold for us

to take off our gloves. At night most climbers take off

their boots; but I prefer to keep them on. Hillary, on

the other hand, took his off and laid them next to his

sleeping bag.

69.What does the expression pitching the highestcamp imply?

(1) They reached the summit of the highestmountain in the world.

(2) Those who climbed that far earlier did notpitch any camp.

(3) So far nobody has ever climbed that high.(4) They were too many climbers and needed to

pitch a big camp.

70.They took a long time to finish the work because(1) they were very tired.

(2) there was not enough air to breathe.

(3) it was very cold.

(4) it was very dark.

71.When they crawled into the tent(1) they took off their gloves because it was very

cold.

(2) they could not take off their gloves because itwas very cold.

(3) they took off their gloves though it was verycold.

(4) they did not take off their gloves though itwas not cold.

Passage - 3

A local man, staying on the top floor of an old wooden

house, was awakened at midnight by a fire. Losing his

way in a smoke-filled passage, he missed the stairway

and went into another room. He picked up a bundle to

protect his face from the fire and immediately fell


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UPSC CSAT 2012


through the floor below where he managed to escape

through a clear doorway. The bundle proved to be

the baby of the Mayors wife. The hero was

congratulated by all.

72.The man went into another room because(1) he did not know where exactly the stairway

was.

(2) the passage was full of smoke.(3) he was extremely nervous.(4) he stumbled on a bundle.

73.The man was called a hero because he(1) expressed his willingness to risk his life to

save others.

(2) managed to escape from the fire.(3) showed great courage in fighting the fire.(4) saved a life.

Directions for the following 7 (seven) items:

Given below are seven items. Each item describes a

situation and is followed by four possible responses.

Indicate the response you find most appropriate.

Choose only one response for each item. The

responses will be evaluated based on the level of

appropriateness for the given situation.

Please attempt all the items. There is no penalty

for wrong answer for these items.

74.You have differences of opinion regarding thefinal report prepared by your subordinate that is

to be submitted urgently. The subordinate is

justifying the information given in the report. You

would

(1) Convince the subordinate that he is wrong.

(2) Tell him to reconsider the results.

(3) Revise the report on your own.

(4) Tell him not to justify the mistake.

75.You are competing with your batch-mate for aprestigious award to be decided based on an oral

presentation. Ten minutes are allowed for each

presentation. You have been asked by the

committee to finish on time. Your friend,

however, is allowed more than the stipulated

time period. You would

(1) Lodge a complaint to the chairperson againstthe discrimination.

(2) Not listen to any justification from thecommittee.

(3) Ask for withdrawal of your name.(4) Protest and leave the place.

76.You are handling a time-bound project. Duringthe project review meeting, you find that the

project is likely to get delayed due to lack of

cooperation of the team members. You would

(1) Warm the team members for their non-cooperation.

(2)

Look into reasons for non-cooperation.(3) Ask for the replacement of team members.(4) Ask for extension of time citing reasons.

77.You are the chairpersons of a state sportscommittee. You have received a complaint and

later it was fond that an athlete in the junior age

category who has won a medal has crossed the

age criteria by 5 days. You would

(1) ask the screening committee for aclarification.

(2) Ask the athlete to return the medal.(3) Ask the athlete to get an affidavit from thecourt declaring his/her age.

(4) Ask the member of the sports committee fortheir views.

78.You are handling a priority project and have beenmeeting all the deadlines and are therefore

planning your leave during the project Your

immediate boss does not grant your leave citing

the urgency of the project. You would

(1) Proceed on leave without waiting for thesanction.

(2) Pretend to be sick and take leave.(3) Approach higher authority to reconsider the

leave application.

(4) Tell the boss that it is not justified.


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UPSC CSAT 2012

UPSC_GS-II_S_2012 204 www.TestFunda.com

The examples of the Soviet development plan cotton

cultivation and mangroves of Guinea give support to

statement 2.

Paragraph 2 talks about economic prosperity being

intertwined with ecological conditions.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

15. Options 1, 3 and 4 talk about parts of the passagewhich are important but not central to the passage.

The first paragraph mentions, Adaptation and

mitigation measures can advance development.

The second paragraph talks about the changing world

and sustaining growth. It mentions the need for

adaptability to understand the environment.


16. Option 1 is too general statement to conclude.Options 3 and 4 are too far fetched.

Option 2 is perfectly valid.

Hence, option 2.

17. Let a, b, cand dbe the ages of A, B, C and D.By first statement, we have,

ab

And by second statement we have,

cd

Now, B >C

a>c

Hence, option 4.

18. Option 1 and 3 are too general and not necessarilytrue.

Option 2 is a correct conclusion as all the club

members definitely have a pair of binoculars.

Hence, option 2.

19. Option 1 talks about Ankits parents whereas they havenot been mentioned in the information.

Option 2 is incorrect. The information says that Ankit

participated in hiking, swimming etc. which are

outdoor activities. He also participates in music and

dance. His preference is not mentioned.

The information mentions Ankit going to camp last

summer and this summer. One cannot generalize this

and assume he goes to camp every summer.

The phrase looking forward (to a music camp)

supports option 4.


20. B wore orange pants.Hence, B cannot wear orange and blue shirts.

Hence, B wore black shirt.

Hence, by 3, C wears blue shirt.

Hence, A wears orange shirt.

Now, A didnt wear green pants and B wore orange

pants.

Hence, C wore green pants.

Hence, option 2.

21. Three shows were discontinued.As no sitcoms shows were discontinued, they must beeither drama or news magzines.

Now, there were only two news magzines.

Atleast one discontinued show was a drama.

Hence, option 3.

22. One Christian Doctor is Tamil Speaking.So, one Muslim doctor will be Gujarati speaking.

The Christian businessman will be Gujarati speaking

because the other Christian is Tamil speaking.

Hence, both the given statements are true.

Hence, option 3.

23. Option 1 contradicts the information given. Options 2and 3 are not in line with the information. Option 4 is

correct as the extract clearly mentions "Though quite

expensive, television is not a luxury item."


24. Let Mr. Kumar take t minutes to cover 40% of thedistance.

Hence, he takes t+ 10 minutes to cover 60% of the

distance.

Now, average speed is constant. Hence, we have,

Hence, t=20 minutes

Hence, time required to complete the journey

=2t+10=50

Hence, total distance travelled is;

Hence, option 2.

25. Let R, S and G be prettiness of Rita, Sita and Gita.From the questions, we have,

R >G>S

Therefore Sita is not as pretty as Gita.

Hence, option 1.

26. From 3 and 4,B is either the mother or the father of D.

Hence, Bs brother will be uncle of D.

Hence, by 1, A is the uncle of D.

Hence, option 1.


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UPSC CSAT 2012


27. Let m, n, tand pbe the score of Rama, Rani, Ratna andPadma.

Hence, m>n

t>m, and t>p>m

t>p>m>n

Ratna was the top scorer.

Hence, option 4.

28. Paragraph 1 mentions: However, SOME(introductions) have been responsible for dramatic

changes in native species Also, the last lines of

paragraph 2 mention The effect of these

introductionsmuch more homogeneous.

The first three lines of the last paragraph mention, It

would be wrong to conclude that introducing species

to a region will cause a decline in species richness.

These lines help rule out options 1 and 2.


29. Paragraph 1 mentions "to serve somepurpose...providing novel recreational activities."

The other statements can be taken as part of "private

purpose".


30. The second paragraph mentions " The extent to whichthis homogenization..... into something much more

homogenous." This supports option 4.


31. The first paragraph states, Human-causedintroductions may occur either accidentally as a

consequence of human transport, or intentionally but

illegally to serve some private purpose.

Thus, point 1- smuggling (illegal) and point 2

building highways (transport) are correct.


32. The first paragraph states that invasion of exoticspecies has led to dramatic changes to native species

and natural communities. This supports statement 2.

The last lines of the last paragraph states that the

introduction of exotic species has a detrimental effect

and poses a challenge to endemic biotas ill-equipped to

deal with them.


33. The last line of the first paragraph states that severalEast Asian countries succeeded, through the 1970s and

80s, in promoting economic growth without pursuing

democracy.


34. The second paragraph states, The assessment ofdevelopment cannot be divorced from the lives that

people can lead and the real freedom that they enjoy.


35. The last paragraph states, .we must not miss thecrucial recognition that political liberties anddemocratic rights are among the constituent

components of development.


36. The passage mentions, The impact of FDI is not alwayspro-competitive. Before that the introductory

statement talks about the NEED for competition law in

the face of liberalized FDI. Thus, statement 1 is correct.

Statement 2 is not representative of what is mentioned

in the passage i.e. Very often..thus charging higher

prices.


37. The passage clearly states the following: FDI takesthe form of a foreign corporation acquiring a domestic

enterprise or establishing a joint venture. By making

such an acquisition, the foreign investor may lessen

competition and gain a dominant position in the

relevant market.. Thus, statement 2 is correct.

The next few lines mention: .affiliates of two

separate MNCs..parent companies overseas merge.


38. The passage begins with the need for Competitionlaw. It goes on to describe the dynamics between

domestic markets and foreign investments. The option

that best captures this is option 3.


39. P =I watch TVQ =I am bored

R =I have my brothers company

S =I go to the theatre

Hence, statement 1 is: P Q

Negation of this statement is Q P

That means if I am not bored I do not watch TV.

Hence, option 4.

40. Consider option 1:In this case, if R is open, then B, C and Q can also beopen.

Hence, this statement is not necessarily true.

Option 2:

In storms either A or B is open.

Hence, this statement is definitely correct.

Option 3:

P is closed during flooding.


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UPSC CSAT 2012


Hence, if A is open then neither of B and Q will be open.

Hence, in this case, at most two roads can be open.

Hence, this may or may not be true.

Option 4:

From option 2, we get that atleast one road is open.

Hence, this statement is definitely false.

Hence, option 2.

41. It is given that all married persons are invited for thedance.

And some members of the club are married persons.

So, all married students of the club are invited for the

dance.

Hence, option 2.

42. According to the given conditions, A is accepted by W,Z and X.

B is accepted by Y, W and Z.

C was accepted by W, Y, X and Z.

D was accepted by W and X.So, C is accepted by all the four parties.

Hence, option 3.

43. Options 1, 3, 4 are too compulsive and far fetched.Option 2 looks proper.

Hence, option 2.

44. The last bit of information mentions that if World WarIII were to strike, it would be nuclear power which

would trigger (start) it. Hence, the use of nuclear

power in WWIII is inevitable.

The information says that civilization may possibly

end while option 2 mentions that there will be no

civilization. Option 2 is incorrect.

Option 3 mentions growth of nuclear power which is

incorrect. Only its misuse will trigger a war which

might cause an end of civilization.

Option 4 is incorrect. The information mentions a

possibility of WWIII beginning.


45. It is clear that the arrow should be on the topmost leftcorner and facing up.

Only option 4 satisfies it.

Hence, option 4.

46. A student scored 74 marks.We can assume that this will be his best performance if

he scored 74 marks in a subject which has least highest

marks and the least higher range of marks.

Clearly test II satisfies these criteria.

Hence, option 2.

47. Keep G as the base of the cube.Now, fold R and B together.

Now, fold Y, O and W together around G.

So, after forming the cube, O will be opposite G. R will

be opposite Y and B will be opposite W.

Hence, option 3.

48. We want a region which represents the people who areintelligent, honest and truthful but not hardworking.So, there are 6 such people.

Hence, option 1.

49. From first two figure, A, B, H and M are adjacent to K.Hence, letter opposite to A is either H or M.

Now, if M is opposite to A, then H will be opposite to B.

But, by third figure, it is not possible.

Hence, H is opposite to A.

Hence, option 1.

50. In first and third set, the black portion of middle imageis diagonally opposite to that of first image.

Hence, second image in second set must be d.

Hence, option 4.

51. The passage mentions, .and as a protection againstfree market individualism. Thus, statement 3 is

correct.

The passage also mentions, It has been argued that a

group approach.poverty alleviation and empowering

the poor as well as enhancing agricultural

productivity. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.


52. The last few lines of the passage mention, Andalthough potential for benefiting women.


53. Nowhere in the passage is it mentioned thatagricultural collectives are imperative. Thus,

statement 1 is incorrect.

The passage mentions that group approach to farming

especially agricultural collectives have the scope to

empower the poor and enhance agricultural

productivity. Thus, statement 2 is correct.


54. The first few lines state, "Individuals are getting......members of primordial communities..."

This is close to what is stated in option 3.


55. The passage very clearly mentions, Community-identity seems to be the governing force. It is not

therefore surprising that the so called peripheral

groups continue to maintain their identities with

reference to the social group



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UPSC CSAT 2012


56. The last five lines of the passage mention, This is asignificant political process that had led to a silent

revolution through a meaningful transfer of power

from upper caste elite to subaltern groups within the

democratic framework


57. We know that History lecture can take place only onTuesday.

Now, English, Economics and Mathematics are

scheduled on three consecutive days. So, they have to

be scheduled on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. So,

that leaves Statistics on Monday.

Hence, option 4.

58. Consider the solution for above question.History is scheduled between Statistics and English.

Hence, option 2.

59. Consider the solution for question number 57.Mathematics is scheduled on the last day of the week.

Hence, option 3.

60. Consider the solution for question number 57.English is scheduled on Wednesday.

Hence, option 3.

61. Consider the solution for question number 57.Economics is scheduled before Mathematics.

Hence, option 1.

62. Let each glass be of capacity x.In first glass water quantity =x/2 and

milk quantity=x/2.

And in second glass water quantity =x/4 and

milk quantity=3x/4.

So, ratio of milk to water when both the glasses are

poured in a vessel

Hence, option 4.

63. Options a, b, c are too far fetched from the informationgiven.

And option d can be drawn as the inference from the

given information.

Hence, option 4.

64. Options 2 and 3 are too far fetched from the given data.Option 1 is not necessarily true.

Option 4 can be a conclusion.

Hence, option 4.

65. It is clear that doctor is at the centre and MLA staysabove the Engineer.

It is given that IAS officer is professors friend.

So, IAS officer must stay above Engineer and the MLA.

Only option 4 satisfies this condition.

Hence, option 4.

66. Options 1 and 3 are out of context. Option 4 is ahyperbole of what is stated in the question stem.

Option 2 summarizes the question stem perfectly.


67. The general description of the surrounding tells us thatthe prisoner tried means and ways to distract himself

from something- loneliness. Also, it is mentioned that

the prisoner greeted little tufts of grass and that he

wasnt alone in the cell. This indicates that the prisoner

made a conscious effort to not only notice things (as

mentioned din option 2) around him but to use his

time constructively.Option 1 is too general. Option 2 is not comprehensive.

Option 4 with live happily is incorrect.


68. The author familiarized himself with his surroundingsand befriended his natural environment as a means of

survival and to kill his loneliness. He seemed to have

adjusted to his surroundings to the extent of feeling at

ease in it. Option 1 comes closest to what is tried to be

conveyed in the passage.


69. The expression pitching the highest camp means tohave targeted a territory that has not yet been

conquered. Option 3 comes closest to it.

Option 1 moves away from the paragraph Option 2

gives a literal explanation of the expression. Option is

out of context.


70. The third line mentions, Everything took five times aslong as it would have taken in a place where there was

enough air to breathe. This implies that the given

place had a shortage of air. This is given clearly in

option 2.


71. The passage mentions, it was not too cold for us totake off our gloves. This means that it was not very

cold and so they could take off their gloves. This is

aptly put in option 1.



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UPSC CSAT 2012


72. The information clearly states that the man missed thestairway because he lost his way in the smoke-filled

passage.


73. Option 1 is wrong because the man did not save thebaby intentionally nor did he express any willingnessto do so.

He used the bundle to protect himself but ended up

saving the babys life because of which he was called a

hero.

Options 2 and 3 are not correct. He managed to escape

from fire through a clear doorway. He did not have to

fight the fire for it.


74. The key point to remember here is the urgency aspect.Option 1 and 2 would result in loss of time.

Option 3 would result in an unnecessary dispute and

does not solve the problem in an urgent manner.Taking up the responsibility on your own would result

in quick and accurate solutions.


75. If you have faced unfair treatment it is only apt thatyou take action against it. Option 2 will only result in

your loss. Withdrawal of your name is an escape and

does not give you a just reward for your presentation.

Protesting and leaving the place would also not be fair

to you. Options 3 and 4 are incorrect. It is the duty of

the committee to make sure that the awards are

conducted fairly. Hence, complaining to the

chairperson is apt.


76. If one is handling a time bound task one would wantthe task to go smooth sailing without delays. Since it is

not very urgent it would be apt for the person in

charge to look into the reasons for the non-

cooperation. Option 1, 3 and 4 are steps that can be

taken later on .


77. The best thing to do in this case is to seek furtherclarification and be absolutely sure before taking a

serious step. Option 1 is firm and will give you some

much needed clarity.Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

78. Proceeding for leave without sanction showsunprofessionalism.

Pretending to be sick after informing your immediate

boss of your intention to take leave is going to put you

in a tight spot.

Arguing with the boss will affect your work

environment.

It would be a good idea to approach higher authority

and hear what they have to say about it.


79. Providing free supply of water will cause losses for theproject. Thus, option 1 and 2 are not feasible.

Making only non-BPL people pay for the water will be

unfair to them.

Option 4 gives a good solution. Both non-BPL as well as

BPL people pay charge for water depending on their

income levels and consumption.


80. You have some work with the official, so the best thingto do in this case is to be diplomatic. Option 2 is the

best choice as the signals are ignored and the official

will have to do the work without the bribe.


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