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TEXT OF TELEGRAM 80STATE 156703

PAGE 01 STATE 156703ORIGIN EA-12

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DRAFTED BY EAFSdOSCHWARTZSTEINAPPROVED BY EA;RCHOLBROOKEEA/K:DMCNEALEA/Pr'dCANNON -- ——----"""-----—-043970 1322232 /630 R 131313Z dUN BO ZEXFM SECeTITF WASHOCTO AMEMBASSY SEOUL IMMEDIATEAMEMBIScY TOKYO IMMEDIATEINFO ALL EAST ASIAN AND PACIFIC DIPLOMATIC POSTS

ATE 156703

FROM ASSIS1ANT SECRETARY HOLBROOKE

E.O. &Rvr 5; GOS 6/13/66 (HOLBROOKE, RICHARD)

TABS: SD"N, PEPR, KS

SUBUECT: NEW YORK TIMES REPORT ON U. S. KOREAN POLICY

(d) NEW YORK TIMES OF dUNE 13 CARRIED GWERTZMAN ARTICLHEADLINEOI "U.S. SHOWING DISPLEASURE OVER THE CRISIS INSEOUL". TEXT FOLLOWS:

G.U)BEGIN TEXT: WASHINGTON, dUNE 12--THE UNITED STATES HASINDEFINITELY POSTPONED SENDING A HIGH-LEVEL ECONOMIC DELE"GATIII& I" SOUTH KOREA AND HAS PUT ALL ASPECTS OF RELATIONSEXCEF'T A P4SIC SECURITY COMMITMENT UNDER ACTIVE REVIEW ASA SIGI' OF DISPLEASURE WITH THE NEW MILITARY-DOMINATEDLEADLRSHIF, HIGH-RANKING CARTER ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALSSAID

STATE 156703

IN INTERVIEWS THE OFFICIALS SAID THEY HAD NO DOUBT THATLIEUT. GEN. CHON TOO HWAN WAS PLANNING EITHER TO ASSUMEPOWER OR TD HAVE A MAN OF HIS CHOICE 00 SO. DESPITE CONTIN-UEO PRIVATE ANO PUBLIC AMERICAN EXHORTATIONS FOR A RETURNTO THE PERIOD OF LIBERALIZATION THAT FOLLOWED THE ASSASSINAF.T10N OF PRESIDENT PARK CHUNG HEE LAST OCTOBER.

rTHE OFFICIALS SAID THAT THE UNITED STATES AIIIBASSAOOR,

PAGE NO.

TEXT OF TELEGRAM BOSTATE 156703 RkSSSB 1279WILLIAM H. GLEYSTEEN JR. , HAD TOLD GENERAL CHOW AND OTHERLEADERS THAT THE UNITED STATES BELIEVED THE OIRECTIONTHEYWERE TAKING 'WAS FUNDAMENTALLY WRONG AND WOULD CAUSEPOLITICAL INSTABILITY AND WEAKEN THE COUNTRY INTERNALLY ANOEXTERNALLY.

ONE MISSION IS HEADED OFF1. TO SHOW AMERICAN UNHAPPINESS.THE OFFICIALS SAID. THE KOREANS HAVE BEEN INFORMED THATTHE ENTIRE RELATIDNSHIP IS UNDER REVIEW, THE ONLY EXCEPTIONBEING THE SECURITY TIES.

SO FAR, AS A RESULT OF THE REVIEW. THE FOLLOWING STEPSHAVE BEEN TAKEN, THE OFFICIALS SAID;

A MISSYUN HEADED BY J. BRUCE LLEWELLYN, PRESIDENT OF THEOVERSEAS JR VATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION, AN INDEPENDENTAGENCY. '791'VNALLY SET FOR EARLY THIS MONTH, WAS POSTPONEDINDEFINITELY TO SHOW THAT THE UNITED STATES WAS NOTENCOURAGING NEW INVESTMENT.

VDTES FOR TWO LOANS TO SOUTH KOREA. ONE FOR $54 MILLIONBY THE 'ASIAN' DEVELOPMENT BANK FOR A PORT PROJECT IN INCHONAND ANOTHER FOR $10 MILLION BY THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCECORP FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, WERE POSTPONED AT

PAGE 0: STATE 156703THE REI,UI. ST OF THE UNITED STATES. IT IS DECIDING WHETHERIT SHOULD ABSTAIN AS A SIGN OF DISPLEASURE WHEN THE MATTERSARE

VOYEUR

UN IN ABOUT TWO WEEKS.

A RPUI INE MEETING OF THE SOUTH KOREAN FOREIGN MINISTRY'SSTRATEGFC Pl.ANNERS WITH THE STATE DEPARTMENT'S POLICYPLANNING OFFICE WAS POSTPONED BECAUSE THE ATMOSPHERE WASNOT RI"W .

VIS ." 0" HIGH-LEVEL AMERICANS MUST BE APPROVED BY ANINTERAGFNCv GROUP HEADED BY RICHARD C HOLBROOKE ASSISTANTSECRETARY OF STATE FOR EAST ASIAN ANO PACIFIC AFFAIRS. ONEVISIT THAT HAS BEEN APPROVED IS THAT BY GEN. EDWARD C.MEYER. ARMY CHIEF OF STAFF. TO INSPECT THE AMERICAN TROOPS.

ANOTHER ECONOMIC GROUP HEADED BY JDHN L. MOORE, JR. . CHAIR-MAN OF THE EXPORT"IMPORT BANK. HAS BEEN ALLOWED TO PROCEEDAS PLANNED. THE AIM BEING TO PREVENT UNDUE CONCERN INBANKING CIRCLES IN SEOUL THAT COULD HAVE FURTHER UNDERMINEDTHE WEAKENED ECONOMY.

"THE MESSAGE WE WANT TO GET ACROSS IS THAT IT IS NOTBUSINESS AS USUAL BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES. " A SENIORSTATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL SAID.

ANDTHER OFFICIAL SAID THAT THE UNITED STATES WAS DETERMIN-PAGE NO. 2

56lNSKIE0i

NCItSSIFIED 1279TEXT OF TELEGRAM BOSTATE 156703

ING WHETHER TO GO AHEAD WITH THE PROMISED SALE OF F-16

FIGHTERS TO SOUTH KOREA, 70 WHICH THE UNITED STATES AGREEDIN PRINCIPLE LAST YEAR AS A SUCCESSOR TO THE F-4'S AND F-5E'S. THE MAINSTAYS OF THE SOUTH KOREAN AIR FORCE.

I

THE HDPE IS THAT AMERICAN PRESSURE OVER A LONG PERIOD WILLPERSUADE THE MILITARY TO RETURN TO A MORE OPEN POLITICALSYSTEM. "WE HAVE BEFN PRFSSING THE GOVERNMENT AND CONTINUE

E GOVERNMENT OF KOREA TO MOVE TOWARD POLITICAL

PAGE 04 STATE 156703

DEVELOPMLHY. DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS, ANO WE HAVE APPLIED

THE PRESSUR" -AND IT IS NOT EASY TO DO IT, GIVEN THETHREATS OF THE NORTH AS IT WOULD BE IF THE THREAT WEREN' TTHERE. BFCAUSE STABIlITY IS IMPORTANT TO SOUTH KOREA,SECRETARY OF STATE EDMUND S. MUSKIE SAID MONDAY. END OFTEXT.

3. (C) I C'SMMEND THIS PIECE TO YOU AS A RARE ACCURATEREPORT er V.S. POLICY ANO THE PUBLIC POSTURE WE WANT TO BFSEEN AS /AKING. IT IS BASED IN PART ON A BACKGROUNOERMIKE ARMACOST AND I GAVE BERNIE GWERTZMAN YESTERDAY.

CHRI STi PHLR

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UNCEASSIFIEa

PAGE NO. 3

TEXT OF TELEGRAM BDSEOUL 007402

TENTIONALLY UNDERFED--AND SDME ADD, GIVEN DRINK; AND OTHERSADD, GIVEN DRUGS"-TO MAKE THEM WILD. )

REPORTS OR RUMORS OF GIRLS STRIPPED TO THEIR UNDERCLOTHESHAVE TURNED OUT TO BE NOT FROM THE SOURCES TO WHICH THEYWERE ATTRIBUTED, AND SO FAR HAVE NOT BEEN VERIFIED BY ANY-

%Ill!%l&8

I RSO

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TEXT OF TELEGRAM BOSEOUL 007402llCMSflEll

1250

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INFO OCT-01 ADS-OO CIAE-00 DOBE-00 NSAE"00 NSCE-00SSO-OO ICAE-00 INRE-00 PM-05 H-01 INR-10 L "03PA-01 SP-02 55-15 HA-05 I0-14 PC "01 OCS-06 /076 W"---"---"--"""----015005 1011412 /13

0 100943Z.JUN BOFM AMEIABASSY "EDULTO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6941INFO AMEHBASS' TOKYOCDMLISKORSA 5-OUL KS//BJ-ISCHJUSMAG SFn16 KSSA CINCUNC KS

ZETION 03 OF 10 SEOUL 07402

BODY WHOM WE HAVE FOUND

BOTH THE YWCA AND THE CATHOLIC CENTER WERE ENTERED AND

SEARCHED WtTH A DEGREE OF VIOLENCE BETTER CALCULATED TOCOW THAN IO F USH OUT PEOPLE IN HIDING.

ON MOHDAV 4 '7 RNOON AN/SAW YOUNG MEN ROUNDED 1IP AND TAKEN OFF, AND WITNESSED RE-PEATED ASSAUL S ON SDME OF THE YOUNG MEN ALREADY APPRE-HENDED.

MORE SIO¹.YHROWING OCCUIIRED ON MONDAY1 AND ON MONDAY MORN"ING A( +SAW ACTUAL CIVILLAN INTERVENTIONON BEHALF 3F I PERSON ER ATTACK. '(THIS WAS WHAT LOOKEDLIKE A MOTHER. YOUNGER SISTER ANO SMALLER CHILD WHEN--ONEGUESSES- —1'O' YOUNG MAN IN THEIR FAMILY WAS BEING HURT. )

PEACE CORPS VDLUNTEERS WON A GOOD NAMEGEOR AMERICANS ATTHIS TIME BY A SORT OF NON-VIOLENT INTERVENTIDN. A PCVSEEING 4 PERSON BEING BEATEN WOULD GD AND PUT THEIR ARMS

R ON, THUS BEING IN THE WAY OF FURTHER BEAT-

PAGE 02 SEOUL 07402 03 OF 10 101054Z

ING. ON SUCH AN OCCASION THE ATTACKER 'WOULD LEAVE HISVICTIM BUT CHOOSE ANOTHER. WHO IN HIS TURN 'WOULD BE PRO-TECTED BY A PCV WHO PUT HIS ARMS AROUND HIM.

IT IS THE SPONTANEOUS AND UNANIMOUS OPINION OF THEMISSIONARY COMMUNITY LIVING TDGETHER HERE THAT THE PEACECORPS VOLUNTEERS HAVE WON THE LASTING GRATITUDE OF GREATNUMBERS OF THE CITIZENS OF KWANGJU FOR THE UNITED STATES.SHARING THE LIFE OF 7HE PEOPLE WHOM THEY CAME TO SERVE,

PAGE NO

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7 -' ' j,;."- 'v 2

TEXT OF TELEGRAM BOSEOUL 007402

EVEN WHEN IT MEANT SHARING SERIOUS, PERHAPS flORTAL, DANGER.THEY MADE EVERYBODY WHO SAW THEM REALIZE THAT AMERICANS(ANO AMERICA) REALLY CARE. THFY IDENTIFIED THEMSELVES WITHTHE PEOPLE NOTSOY SHARED ANIMOSITIES BUT BY SHARED TROUBLE.MISSIONARIES STAY AS A MATTER OF COURSE, IN OBEDIENCE TO AMASTER AND IN A BOND OF LOVE WHICH LEAVES NO CHOICE: BUTTHE PEACE CORPS VOI.UNTEERS WERE, IC ANYTHING, DISOBEDIENTTO THEIR OWN MASTER IN NOT LEAVING THE CITY. IT IS MYPERSONAL OPINION THAT IF THEIR HEAOOUARTERS HAO BEEN ABLETO SEE THE SITUATION FROM THE GROUND AS WE SAW IT, HEAD-OUARTERS 433' 0 HAVE HOPED THAT THEY WOULD STAY ANO DO AL-MOST EXACT' Y WHAT THEY OID. AS AMERICANS. WE ARE VERYPROUD OF OUR PEACE CORPS FRIENDS.

WE HEARD OF NO VIOLENT OR RIOT-TYPE DEMONSTRATIONS BEFOREREPORTS CF AIRBORNE UNIT TROOPS' ATTACKS UPON STUDENTS.WE HEARD OF NO NON-VIOLENT DEMONSTRATIONS AFTER THE REPORTSBEGAN TO CIRCULTE. AGAIN, WE HEARD OF NO VIOLENT OR RIOT-TYPE ACTIVITIES AFTER THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE FORCES OF LAWAND ORDER FROM THE CITY. WE ASSUME THAT THERE WILL HAVEBEEN TH)EVEFcY ANO PERSONAL VIOLENCE, BUT WE HAVE NO DATATO SUPPDLT DL'R ASSUMPTION. THERE WAS DEFINITELY ABSOLUTELYNO LOOTING, ANO NO IfANTON DAMAGE SUCH AS IS ASSOCIATED WITH(FOR INSTANC MIAMI OR AMERICAN URBAN RIOTS. EXCEPT DURING

PAGE 03 SEOul, 07402 03 OF fo fof054Z

THE TIME WHEN TROOPS WERE TRYING TO PUT DOWN THE DEMONSTRA-TIONS. THIS VIOLENCE BEGAN ON MONDAY ANO CONTINUEO UNTILTHE TROOPS (AND WITH THEM THE POLICE) WERE WITHDRAWN FROMTHE CITf.

ON MONDAY CARS AND BUSES WERE BURNED.

WE RE NOT SURE WHEN THE CITIZENRY JOINED THE STUDENTS.IT MAY HAVE BEEN DN MONDAY NIGHT. IT WAS CERTABNLY NOLATER THAN TUESDAY.

WE DO NOT KNOW WHO TOLD WHAT TO WHOM, BUT THE AIRBORNE UNITTROOPS DID NOT REMAIN IN KWANGUU CITY AFTER MONDAY, SO FARAS WE CAN TELL. THE APPEARANCE IS THAT THEY WERE PULLEDOUT BY OR AT ABOUT MIDNIGHT ON fAONDAY, AND REPLACED (BYTROOPS FROM NORTH CHOLLA2).

ON TUESDAY, MAY 20TH:

«g)%lflP

1 250

ON TUESDAY MORNING THERE WERE APPARENTLY NO TROOPS INKWANGJU OF THE AIRBORNE UNIT, THEIR PLACE HAVING BEENTAKE BY "NORTH CHOLLA" TROOPS. (SOME DAYS LATER[

WE KNOW. IN THE CITY--NOT IN UNIFORM OF COURSE""STUMBtED ON TWO AIRBORNE UNIT MEN VERY UNKEMPT AND APPAR-ENTLY LOST ANO FRIGHTENEO. HE HAO A SCUFFLE WITH THEM ANOCAME OUT AHEAD. THIS SEEMS TO BE SIMPLY TWO MEN WHO GOT

PAGE NO UM'C|.SIRED

TEXT OF TELEGRAM BOSEOUL 007402WCLSlFLED

SEPARATED FROM THEIR OUTFIT AND LEFT BEHIND IN A HOSTILECITY. )

TUESDAY MDRNING WAS OUIET, A l AMENTTO THE BANK AND GOT SOME MDNEY, SAW YOUNG PEOPLE OF TIIE"VICTIM" AGE GROUP WALKING UNCONCERNED.

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0 100943Z JU'1 80FM AIIENJASSY SEOULTO SECSTATE:1ASHOC IMMEDIATE 6942INFO APEYI9ASSY TOKYOCOMUSKOREA SEOUL KS//BJ"ISCHJUSMAG SEOUL KSSA CINCJNC KS

SECTION 04 OF 10 SEOUL 07402

C 0 R R E 0 T E D C 0 P Y (TEXT)

RUMORS SPREAD ON TUESDAY THAT THE HOUSE-SEARCHES OF MONDAYNIGHT WERE A PRELUDE TO PLANNEDEXTENSIVE HOUSE-TO-HOUSESEARCH"AND ABDUCTION PLANS FOR TUESDAY NIGHT. WE ASSUMETHESE RUMORS TO BE BASELESS, BUT THEY WERE BELIEVED. ALSOBELIEVED WERE STORIES OF AIRBORNE UNIT MEN WAVING SEVEREDBREASTS ON IHEIR BAYONETS. WE HAVE BEEN HARD PUT TO FINDSUBSTAl'IIATED STORIES OF l(ORSE TREATMENT OF WOMEN THAN OFMEN, ANC MCST OF THE SPECIFIC STORIES WE HAVE HEARDCON-CERNED NOT WOMEN BUT MEN. HOW TRUETHE RUMORS ARE LIKELYTO BE IS A MATTER ON WHICH OUR MISSIONARY GROUP IS NOT INFULL ACRFEMENT.

A LARGE RALLY ON TUESDAY NIGHT RAN LATE IN DEFIANCE OF THE9:00 CUPFFP. ON TUESDAY NIGHT WE HEARD A MODERATELY LARGEAMOUNT OF GUNFIRE, ANO ON WEDNESDAY MORNING WE DISCDVEREDTHE TROOPS AND POLICE APPARENTI. Y GONE FROM KWANGJU.

A M OMMAND LEAFLET (OF WEDNESDAY, MAY 21) SAYS

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PAGE 02 SEOUL 07402 04 OF 10 110732Z

THAT ON TUESDAY NIGHT THE TROOPS AND POLICE SUFFERED TENCASUALTIES (KILLEDOR WOUNDEO), ANO THAT PUBLIC BUILDINGS,POLICE STATION AND THREE BROADCAST STATIDNSHAD BEEN DES-TROYED OR BURNED.

NOT ALL TROOPS HAD LEFT THE CITY ON TUESDAY, NONETHELESS.AND THERE WAS MORE FIGHTING ON WEDNESDAY.

A PAPER WRITTEN BY A KOREAN ENGLISH TEACHER AND ADDRESSEDPAGE NO. 10 VNtL4SSIFEE

TEXT OF I'ELEGRAM BOSEOUL 007402UNCLASSIFIED

1250

TO A FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT SAYS THAT THE "MBC" TELEVISIONSTATION CAUGHT FIRE BY ACCIDENT AND THAT STUDENTS TRIED INVAIN TO SAVE IT. WE HAVE NO CDNFIRMATION.

RUMOR HAS IT THAT THE SOCALLED "V.O. C. ", THE STATIONOF ALOCAL NEWSPAPER, WAS DESTROYED BY TROOPS. WE HAVENO CON-FORMATION.

ON WEDNESDAY, MAY 21ST:

THERE WAS FIGHTING ON WEDNESDAY, BUT NONE OF. US SAW IT. AL-THOUGH YE I'I HEAR GUNFIRE AND SEE SMOKE. Q

JROVE SOME PEOPLE TO THE COUNTRY ANU KtiuKNED.BUT WHI ~E SAW BURNING VEHICLES AND HAD SOME ENCOUNTERSWITH TH+ MILITANT CITIZENRY. HE SAW NO SECTION OF THE CITY(WHERE HIS ROAD TOOK HIM: OR LATER WHERE HE WENT FOR PHOTO-GRAPHS) WHICl-I HAD EITHER TROOPS OR POLICE IN EVIDENCE,

WEDNESEAl MORNING WAS SURPRISING, NOT SIMPLY BECAUSE THEPOLICE 4'h. TQODPS WERE OANESROM OUR SIGHT, BUT BECAUSE WESAW UNIIIISTAKABLY THAT ALL VISIBLE CITIZENRY APPLAUDED THESTUDENTS, AKD THAT--BARRING ANY UNKNOWN AND DISCREETLYSILENT CITIZENS--THE ENTIRE CITY HAO EMBRACED AND ADOPTEDTHE STIDEIII PROTEST.

PAGE 03 SEOUL 07402 04 OF 10 1107322I

FROM THIS ~OINT ON, THE MAY EIGHTEENTH INCIDENT WAS CLEARLYA MATTER OF THE CITIZENRY OF KWANGJU, AND SHOULD NOT BESPOKEN OF IN TERMS OF STUDENTS. I 'WAS MYSELF ONE OF THESLOWEST ~0 QECOGNIZE THIS FACT, BUT I WAS FORCED TO IT ANDI CONSIJE4 iT BEYOND DEBATE.

EDIT'3QIAL PARAGRAPHI MAY BE SKIPPED:

IN MY OWN OPINION, WHAT WE SAW IN KWANGJU WAS A DEMON-STRATION OF FREE PEOPLE PUSHED TOO FAR, ANO REACTINGWITH VIOLENT INDIGNATION WHICH IS DIVORCED FROM POLICYOR PLAN ANO WHICH IN5PIRES 4 TEMPOR4RY LAWLE5SNESS INLAW-ABIDING PEOPLE, I LIKEN 17 TO THE BOSTON TEAPARTY; LAWLESS, EMOTIONAL, OUYTRUCTIVE AND ILL-CALCU-LATED FOR THE ACHIEVEMENT OF BENEFIT; SPONTANEOUS COM"BUSTION WHEN FREEBORN CITIZENS SUDDENLY REFUSED TO BETROMPED UPON ANY LONGER. THIS OPINION IS REINFORCEDBY THE MANNER IN WHICH THE CITY HANDLES ITS RETURN TOSANITY. WHICH COMFS VERY SOON NOW.

ON WEDNESDAY MORNING YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN CAREENED THROUGHTHE STREETS ON COMANOEERED PICK"UPS, BUSES, ANO MILITARY-TYPE ARMY OR POLICE VEHICLES, WITH SLOGANS PAINTED ON THEM.AS THEY WENT BY. YOUNG ANO OLDER SOBER CITIZENS STOOD BYTHE STREETS APPLAUDING AND CHEERING. TWICE I SAW WOMEN

PAGE NO. 11 el4sley

35%88TEXT OF TELEGRAM BOSEOUL 007402

RUN OUT WITH BUNDLES OF STICKS OR CUDGELS FOR THE STUDENTS.LATER THE OFFERINGS WERE SOFT DRINKS AND BUNS (NEVER DID ISEE LIQUOR GIVEN, OR STUDENTS DRUNK).THE MOOD OF STUDENTS AND CITIEENRY WAS HEADY ANO EXHILA-RATED, AND ORDINARY RULES WERE CLEARLY IN ABEYANCE. A VERY

FEW RIFLES WERE IN EVIDENCE, BUT THE MOOD WAS LESS LIKE THEEVE OF BATTLE THAN LIKE THE NIGHT BEFORE THE HOMETOWNTEAM'S GAME OF THE SEASON.

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0 10091 l FIN 80FM AMEMRASS( SEOULTO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6943INFO AWENBASSY TOKYOCOMUSKr3REA SEOUL KS//BJ-ISCHUUSMA3 SEOUL KSSA CINCUNC KS

ECTION 05 OF 10 SEOUL 07402

DMEWHERE. HOWEVER. THERE WAS FIGHTING, AT ABOUT NOON THEJAW SMOKE AND WENT TO A POINT

ROM WHICH THEY COULD PLACE IT. THEY ARE SURE THAT THISWAS Tl:E SURNING OF THE TAX OFFICE, ALTHOUGH ITS LOCATIONDID NOT SEEM TD HAVE BEEN HELD EARLIER IN THE DAY BY TROOPSOR POLICE. IF IT WAS WANTONLY BURNED, AS CONTRASTED TOBEING BUP)LEO IN CONFLICT, IT IS OUR ONLY DEFINITE INSTANCEOF RIOT-ACTIVITY THIS LATE. IN ANY CASE. THE BUILDING WASGUTTED. TOGETHER WITH AN ASSOCIATEO BUILDING 35 THE SAMEGROUNDS-"ANO WITH THE HOME ANQ RESTAURANT OF),

+WHO LIVED TDO I.USE lu ES-CAPE THE F RE.

A LIT Lb Bl-FORE THIS f 9 ON THE LASTVAUNT HE RISKED BY CA~WAS TOLD OF "MANY BODIES" IN FRONTOF THE CA)HOLIC CENTER AND ASKED TO GO PHOTOGRAPH THEM.BUT WA» UIJABLE TO GET THERE BY CAR ANO UN'WILLQ4G TO LEAVEHIS CAR UNTENDED. HE FOUND PEOPLE NOT UNFRIEIIOLYI TO HIM,BUT IN A VERY ANQILY MOOD AT THIS POINT. f~ HOWEVER, DID SEE THESE DEAD. )

l

8/&y

8/F ~

PAGE 02 SEOUL 07402 05 OF 10 1011102

CASUALTIES BEGAN COMING IN AT NOON ON WEDNESDAY. ANYEARLIER CASUALTIES ARE FOR THE MOST PART UNACCOUNTED FOREVEN AFTER THE CITY HAS BEEN REOCCUPIED AND THE DEADBURIED.

MANY CASUALTIES WERE NEEDLESS TRAGEOIES. WE HAVE A NUMBEROF STORIES OF THESE. WE HAVE NO (OR ALMOST NO) INDICATION,HOWEVER. OF WANTON CRUELTY AFTER THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE AIR"BORNE UNIT TROOPS. THIS COULD BE BECAUSE OF THE CHANGE OF

PAGE NO. 13

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TEXT OF TELEGRAM BOSEOUL 007402

TROOPS OR IT COULD BE BECAUSE A RIOT"CONTROL TYPE SITUA-

TION WAS SUCCEEDED BY AN ARMED-CONFLICT TYPE SITUATION.

(THE FIRST CASUAlTY IN THE KWANGUU CHRISTIAN HOSPITAL WAS

A MAN BAYONETTED IN THE BACK WHILE TRYING TO FIND OUT

ABOUT ONE OR MORE OF HIS CHILDREN, BUT THE CIRCUMSTANCES

MAKE IT UNCLEAR WHETHER THE SOLDIER KNEW HIM TO BE INNO-

CENT. IF HE WAS WOUNDED AT NOON IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OFTHE TOURIST HOTEL. AS REPORTFD, ANY SOLDIERS THERE AT THAT

TIME WILL HAVE BEEN FACING AN EXTREMELY HOSTILE AND

DANGEROUS CROWD. )CROWDS WERE WARNED TO DISPERSE OR BE FIRED ON BY HELICOP"

TERS, BlT THERE WAS GREAT INDIGNATION WHEN FIRING ACTUALLYTOOK PLACE,

-IIMCLASSIF8

""

FROM 3:00 TO 4:00 ON WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON THERE WAS A SPATEOF CASl'ALIIFS, BOTH DEAD AND WOUNDED--TEN DEAD AND FIFTY

WOUNDED BY ABOUT 4:00 IN THE KWANGJU CHRISTIAN HOSPITAL(DUT BY I'l'PSDAY NOON THE DEAD RROUGHT THERE TOTALEO ONLY

13 OR IB, A(THOUGH THERE WERE MORE WOUNDED).

ON WEDNESDAY NIGHT MANY PEOPLE CAME TD THE COMPOUND IN THE

HOPE OF SsrhTY FROM SUPPOSED HOUSE"TO"HOUSE SEARCH-AND-SEIZURE OR OTHER DANGERS. MOSTLY THFY WERE PEOPLE'5 SONS.

BUT TH .RE WERE OTHERS ALSO. NONE STAYED AT MY HOUSE, ~

WEDNE5DAY DARKNESS BROUGHT A LARGE INCREASE IN GUNFIRE,

MUCH OF IT SEEMING TO BE IN THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY.

THE LATTER PART OF THE NIGHT WAS MUCH MORC OUIET, DESPITE

A SUPPOSEDLY SURE WORD THAT THE CITY WAS TO BE REOCCUPIED

DURING WEDNESDAY NIGHT.

ON THURSDAY, MAY 22ND:8/'4t~

PAGE 1~Ill. 14

IN~ tlKblSSlfffp

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wewss&raTEXT OF TELEGRAM BOSEDUL 007402 1250~ADP05 ~

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0 1009477 JUN 80FM AMEMJASSY SEOULTO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6944INFO AMEMSASSY TOKYOCOMUSKOREA SEOUL KS//BJ-ISCHJUSMAG SEOUL KSSA CINCUNC KS

ECTION 06 OF 10 SEOUL 07402

IN TWO CARS 'WITH AMERICAN FLAGS AND "FOREIGNER'5 CAR"SIGNS, THEY MADE A CIRCUITOUS TRIP TO SONGJONGNI, CONVOYEDPART WAY BY CITIZENRY. SONGJONGNI ALSO BEING IN CITIZENS'HANDS, AND NO TRAINS RUNNING. THEY RETURNED AND TOOK THEEXPRES" HIGHWAY NORTH UNTIL TURNED BACK BY A MILITARYGUARD UN THE HIGHWAY. THE SOLDIERS SAID, HOWEVER, THATTRAINS UCCC SERVING A STATION WITHIN REACH A LITTLE BACKON THE 00/P THIS PROVED TRUE. ANO AFTER SEEING THE PARTYOFF, THE TWU CARS RETURNED TO KWANGJU. ENROUTE THEY WERE570PPED AT A NEWLY ERECTED BARRICADE AND TOLD THAT THE CITYWAS UIF&ER a''TACK. THIS WAS NOT STRICTLY ACCURATE, AS THEYFOUND OU

'WHEN FINALLY ALLDWEO TO GO ON, MET BY CITIZENRY

AT THE EDGE OF THE CITY, THEY WERE CONVOYED Mlf57 OF THEWAY HOME BY DIFFERENT STREETS THAN BEFORE, ANO ARRIVEDWITHDUT INCIDENT.

PAGE 02 SEOUL 07402 06 OF 10 101124Z

(CITIZENRY FAITHFULLY SUPPLIED THOSE IN VEHICLES WITH FOODAND DRINK, ON THIS TRIP BACK TD KWANGJU, P

(WAS TOSSED A BUN FROM CITIZENRY IN A COMMAN-DEERED BUS. BUT WITH TOO POOR AN AIM, ANO PROCEEDEDBUNLESS. )

TWO RUMORS ROSE FROM THIS EXCURSION: ONE, THAT THE MISSION-ARIES HAD ALL LEFT THE CITY, AND DNE THAT AMERICAN EMBASSYSTAFF HAD ENTERED KWANGJU WITH FLAGS FLYING. SO WE 00 NOT I flj

TEXT OF TELEGRAM 805EOUL 007402 1250

FEEL WE WOULD BE JUSTIFIED IN RELYING HEAVILY DN OTHERRUMORS WHICH WE HEAR.

RUMORS AGAIN CONFIDENTLY FORETOLD THE OCCUPATION OF THECITY ON THUR5DAY NIGHT. FROM 11:00 P.M. UNTIL 12:30 THFWRITER'S FA ILY g

HEARD SUSTAINED AND HEAVY FIRING INCLUDINGWEAPONRY LTIRGER THAN SMALL ARMS. THERE WAS A DISCERNIBLEPROGRESSION FROM THE VICINITY OF THE MILITARY UNIT HALF"WAY TD SDNGJONGNI IN THE WEST, IN A SOUTHWARD ARC ANDAROUND TO A POINT SOUNDING IN THE NIGHT LIKE THE NEIGHBOR-HOOD Of' THE PROVINCIA( CAPITOL.IN THE MOfiffING THERE WAS NO SIGN OF ANY SUCH ACTION HAVINGTAKEN 1 LACE, SO FAR AS OBSERVAi'IDNS POSSIBLE TO US REVEALEO.

FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY, MAY 23110 THROUGH 26TH:

THE NEXT FOUR DAYS. FRIDAY, SATURDAY, . SUNDAY AND l(ONDAY,WERE A T.f,IL.OF NEGOTIATIDN AND MUTUAL FOREBEARANCE BV MILI-TARY AND CI IZENRY IN THE EFFORT TD RESTDRE REGULAR GOVERN-MENT TO KWANGJU.

IN THIS THE INITIATIVE SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN TAKEN BY THECHRI T AN C RGY. WE RECOGNIZE THAT THE COINCIDENCE IS 50

PAGE 03 SEOUL 07402 06 DF 10 1011242

PERFECI AS (0 MAKE OUR ACCOUNT SUSPECT, BUT THE FACT RE-MAINS THAT THE MAJOR ROLE SEEMS TD HAVE BEEN PLAYED BYPASTORS Or THE TWO KOREIQLgENOMINATIONS WITH WHICH WE AREMOST CLOSELY ASSOCIATEOJ

FOUR TIMES, ACCDRDING TO f THEMILITARY CONSENTED TO POSY(fONE MILITARY ACTION AT TH~LEAOF THE RECONCILIATION COMMITTEE (RECONCILIATION; RESOLU-TIDN; SETTLEMENT. SETTLEMENT PROCEDURE COMMITTEE'7500-SUP TAE-CHAEK COMMITTEE),

MEANWHILE THERE WAS NO NIGHT WHEN FIRING DID NOT OCCUR.TROOPS ADVANCED WELL INTO THE CITY ANO WITHDREW. ON ATLEAST ONE OCCASION THEY WITHDREW WHEN A DELEGATION OFPASTORS WENT AND ASKED THEM TO ON THE GROUNDS THAT THEY

'HAO AGREED NOT TO COME YET INTO THE CITY...„,...,...,;,rFAMILY SAW TW~NIFORMED SOLDIERS WALKING THROUGH

Duff ffwtw HILL, BUT DIO NOT SPEAK TO THEM OR THEY TO HIM.

MEANWHILE THE CITIZENRY MAINTAINEO GOOD ORDER IN THE CITY,PAGE NO

Q(( y

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TEXT OF TELEGRAM BDSEOUL 007402

AND BEGAN COLLECTING WEAPONS AND EXPLOSIVES TO AVOID

TROUBLE WHEN THE CITY WAS REOCCUPIED. (SOME PERHAPSAL"

READY FELT THAT THE COLLECTION WOULD ON THE CONTRARYPRO"

VIDE A DEPOT OF ARMS TD USE IN RESISTING REOCCUPATION, BUT

IF SO IT WAS A PRIVATE OPINION. )jl'OOK A LEAD IN SEEKING THE FORMATION OF AN g/ P

'"WLABBIFIED

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0 100943 JUN 80FM AMEMBASSY SEOULTO SECSTl TL' Kl, SHDC IMMEDIATE 6946INFO AMEHBASSv TOKYOCOMUSKOREA, .SEOUL KS//BJ-ISCHJUSMAQ SEOUL KSSA CINCUNC KS

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BY AND L RGL THE HARD-LINE STUDENTS DID NOT REFUSE TOACCEPT THE SETTLEMENT ACHIEVED, BUT SOME OF THEM FELT WITHTHE SOCIAL"ACTIVIST NEWCOAIERS ON THE CDNCERNED CITIZENS'COMMITTE" TH'T A LITTLE TOUGHER BARGAINING WOULD BE BETTER.THE SUICIDE GPOUP OF COURSE WAS THE MAJOR PROBLEM.

WITH THE BREAKING DF THE CONSENSUS. THE DELEGATION COULD NDLONGER SPEAK FOR THE CITY IN DEALING WITH THE MARTIAL LAWCOMMAND.

ON SUNDAY IlQ'1T WE RECEIVED 4 MESSAGE INDICATING THAT DNLYMILITARY SECURITY FORBADE TELLING US OUTRIGHT THAT MILITARYACTION WOU" 0 3EGIN ON SUNDAY NIGHT OR MONDAY, SINCE THEREHAD BEEN NO NOTICE GIVEN ZISE CITY. WE THOIIGllT TH18 a RRFAK-ING QE A PRilAISE, ANO THE]

AGREED TO SEEK MEMB 5 OF THE RECONCILIATJPN DELEGA"TION AND SUGGESTEO THAT THEY ASK ENOUGH DELAY TD' KEEP THEPROMISE MADE BEFORE,

RNING THIS WAS CONFIRMED BY TROOP MOVEMENTS.

PAGE 02 SEOUL 07402 08 OF 10 101135Z

ANO WE SET OUT ON THIS ERRANOl AND SAW POSTED ON THESTREET NEW POSTERS OF AN INFLAIIIAI'ORY NATURE, OVER A NAMEALMOST BUT NOT EXACTLY LIKE THAT USED BY THE RECONCILIATIONPROCEDURES COMMITTEE. THE COMMITTEE MEMBER, WHOM THEWRITER APPROACHED, SEEMED TO THE WRITER TO HAVE FELT THATHE HAD DONE ALL HE COULD DO, ANO THAT THE BREAKING OF THECONSENSUS HAD RESULTED IN THE BREAKING OF THE CITY'5 SIDEOF THE ACHIEVED SETTLEMENT, SO THAT THE PROMISES WERE AL"READY VOID. THE FABRICATED POSTERS WERE CLEARLY THE WORK

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GF OTHERS. AND WOULD NOT PE BELIEVED BY INTELLIGENT PEOPLE.CONTACT WAS OUT OF TOUCH AT THE

MENT, BUT WE MET SOM~THERS, ANO WERE TAKEN BY THEM TOTHE MEETING OF THE CONCERNED CITIZENS. NOT TO SPEAK BUT TOLISTEN.

THERE HAD BEEN A DEADLINE ANNOUNCED, ANO IN FACT THE IIAR-TIAL LAW TROOPS DID NOT COME UNTIL AFTER THAT DEADLINEPASSED, 50 EITHER OUR INTERPRETATION OF THE INFORMATIONWE RECEIVED WAS WRONG OR SOMEBODY TOOK ACTION AFTER ALL.

THE OCCUPATION OF THE CITY CAME ON MONDAY NIGHT, OR MOREPROPERLY IN Ti-iE EARLY HOURS OF TUESDAY MORNING, MAY 27TH

THE MILITARY OPERATION WAS SWIFT ANO NEAT. THE GUNFIRE WEHEARD WAS FAR LESS THAN WE HAD HEARD ON THE THURSDAY WHENIT HAD BEEF SC NOISY.

WE THINK IT CLEAR THAT THE OCCUPATION OF THE CITY WAS ASRELATIVELY BLOODLESS AS IT TURNED OUT BECAUSE IN FACT THECITY DID tlOT OPPOSE IT. THE ONI. Y ACTUAL OPPOSITION, WEBELIEVE, Web FtiONT THE SUICIDE GROUP AND SOME TRAGIC HIGHSCHDOL CHILOREtt WHO JOINED THEM.

3F M(

PAGE 03 SEOUL 07402 08 OF 10 1011352

THE DAYS cRUM FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY WERE ALSO THE PERIODDURING WHICH AMERICANS WERE INSTRUCTED TO LEAVE KWANGJU.TIME MAGAZINE'5 ACCOUNT THiAT *SOME MISSIONARIES" WERE RE-CEIVED AT IHE AIR FORCE BASE IS TRUE IN THAT THE YOUNGPEOPLE WhD CAME AS MISSIONARIES OF THE LATTER DAY SAINTSDID (WE Petit) ' EAVE KWANGJU. WE KNOW OF NO OTHER f

l OUR PRESENCE WAS CONSPICUOUSLY~tWORO CHO"SEN BY DESIGNMATISFYING TO ALL WE MET. TO HAVE LEFTWOULD HAVE BEEN IMPOSSIBLE TO US EACH. ANO HAO WE FORCEDOURSELVES TD LEAVE, THERE WOULD, WE THINK, HAVE BEEN NOMORE PLACE FOR US TO SERVE IN THIS COMMUNITY.

FROM TUESDAY, MAY 27TH. THROUGH WEDNESDAY, JUNE 4THi

THE CITY WAS REOCCUPIED IN THE DAYBREAK HOURS OF TUESDAY,MAY 27, THE RADIO WARNED EVERYONE TO STAY OFF THE STREETSTHAT DAY. NOT ALL OF US OBEYED THE ORDER, BUT NONE OF USSUFFERED HURT OR THREAT OF HURT.

FOLLOW-UP OPERATIONS 5EEMED LARGELY TO BE NOT RETALIATORYBUT SIMPLY FOR THE REMOVAL OF THOSE WHO STILL REFUSED TOTURN IN ARMS OR ACCEPT THE RETURN OF POLICE AND TROOPS,SIX WERE FLU5HED OUT OF OUR OWN HILL. ANO WERE TAKEN INTOCUSTODY IN A SITUATION WHERE THEY COUI. D MORE EASILY HAVE

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BEEN SHOT BY THE TROOPS INTD WHOSE ARMS THEY WERE SKILL"FULLY HERDED.

WE WERE Sl-lDCKED BY AN INCIDENT AT THE YWCA, IN WHICH BLOOD

WAS SHED ANO LIVES WERE LOST. LATER WE LEARNED (FROMSOURCES MORE LIKELY TO BE SYMPATHETIC THAN NOT TO THE

YWCA) THAT AT THE TIME OF THIS INCIDENT THERE WAS A PRAYER

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INFO OCT-01 ADS-00 CIAE-00 DODE-00 NSAE-00 NSCE-00SSO-00 ICAE-00 INRE-00 PM-05 H-01 INR-10 L-03PA-01 SP-02 SS-15 HA-05 IO-14 PC-01 OCS-06 SY-05SYE-00 DCT-02 /083 W"--------""--"----018519 102000Z /61/43

0 100943 JUN 80FM AMEMBASSY SEOULTO SECST+IE V+SHOO IMMEDIATE 6947INFO AME116ASSY TOKYOCOMUSKOREA SEOUL KS//BJ-ISCHJUSMAG SEOUL KSSA CINCUNC KS

SECTION 09 OF 10 SEOUL 07402

C 0 R R F 0 ~ E D C 0 P Y (TEXT PARA 3)

MEETING HE' D IN THE YWCA LATE INTO THE NIGHT IN VIOLATIONOF THE CURFEW, AND THAT ALTHOUGH THE GIRLS AT THE PRAYERMEETING S' IPPED SAFELY HOME, THE BDYS CHOSE TO REMAIN, ANOTHAT IN SPITE OF ALL THE TURNING IN OF WEAPONS, THE BOYSHAD GUNS WITH THEM. FINALLY, WE LEARNED THAT THERE WEREONLY TWD DEATHS, ONE OF AN EMPLOYEE ON DUTY AND DNE OF ONEOF THE BOYS.

THE MAY 13 I".4"IDENT WAS NOT COMMUNIST INSPIRED OR INFIL-TRATED OR 14"ECTED. THIS IS CLEAR FACT, BUT WE HEAR--NOTSURPRISING Y- THAT THE TROOPS WHICH REOCCUPIED THE CITYWERE GIVEN TD UNDERSTAND THAT THEY WERE DEALING WITH ACOMMUNISI' INSURRECTION. IF JUDGMENT IS TO BE PASSED, WETHINK THIS MISINFORMATION OF THE TROOPS EXTREMELY UNFOR-TUNATE, THE OTHER SIDE OF THE COIN IS THE RESTRAINT BYWHICH SO FEW CASUALTIES OCCURRED. EVEN WHEN THE TROOPSTHOUGHT IT WAS COMMUNISTS THEY WERE FIGHTING.

PAGE 02 SEOUL 07402 09 OF 10 101953Z

FOR THE KNDWN DEAD, THE CITY PROVIDED BURIAL SPACE IN THESUBURBAN CITY CEMETERY, BUT FAMILIES DID NDT HAVE THE OP"TION OF BURIALS ELSEWHERE. TRUCKS TOOK COFFINS, FREE BUSESTOOK MOURNERS, CITY GRAVEDIGGERS PREPARED ROW ON ROW OFOPEN GRAVES, AND AFTER INTERMENT HELPED FINISH AND SOD THEMOUNDS. WE ATTENDED OR SHARED THE FUNERAL OF A SEMINARYSTUDENT WHOM WE UNDERSTAND TO HAVE BEEN EXEMPLARY IN BE-HAVIOR ANO KILLED ALMOST BY ACCIDENT WHILE GUARDING EXPLO"SIVES FROM FALLING INTO WRONG HANDS. THE MULTIPLE SIMUL-

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TANEOUS BURIALS WERE EXTREMELY TAXING TO OBSERVE.

AS THE MAY EIGHTEENTH INCIDENT FALLS FARTHER INTO THE BACK-GROUND WE BEGIN TO FEEL WE SEE INCREASING DEGREES OF RETAL"IATION. ONE SOURCE SYMPATHETIC TO THE CITIZENS SAYS THATTHE CONTRACT WAS BROKEN BY THE CITY AND THE PROMISE ALREADYVOID. IF THE PROMISE 15 NOT VOID, THE APPEARANCE IS THATIT HAS BEEN SOMEWHAT BROKEN. IF THE PROMISE IS VDID IN-DEED, THE WONDER IS THAT THERE REMAINS THIS MUCH GENTLE-NESS.

IF AN ABGREYIATED ACCOUNT IS THIS LONG, CONSIDER HOW MUCHREMAINS LKSAIO. BUT ONE FINAL POINT I AM DETERMINED TOMAKE. IT IS. THIS.

IN MY LIFE I HAVE NEVER FELT SUCH WONDERING PRIDE IN MYKOREAN FRIENDS AS I HAVE FELT IN THE DAYS OF THIS MAYEIGHTEENTH INCIDENT. ALL I HAD SUPPOSED ABOUT THE CHARAC-TERISTICS CF THE KOREAN PEOPLE WAS SURPASSED BY WHAT WAS TOME AN INCREDIBLE WILLINGNESS TO PAY 'ANY PRICE REQUIRED IFBY PAYING. IT.THEY COULD ACHIEVE GOOD. I MEAN PARTICULARLYTHE RESTRAINT SHOWED BY THE MILITARY AFTER THE FIRST TRAGICDAYS WHICH SET EVERYTHING OFF, AND THE DISCIPLINE ANO RE-STRAINT SHOVE. D BY THE CITIZENRY AT A TIME WHEN THEY BE"

PAGE 03 SEOUL 07402 09 OF 10 1019532

LIEVEO TH. NO FAR MORE OUTRAGEOUS THAN THE TRAGIC TRUTH.

IN NO WAY DIMINISHING THE CREDIT DUE TO OUR KOREANFRIENDS, FIRST PRAISE GOES TO GOD, WHO IN HIS GOOD WILLSAW FIT THIS TIME TO ANSWER OUR PRAYERS WITH DAILY MIRA"CLES WOJKED iN THE HEARTS OF HUNDREDS WHO KNOW HIM ANDTHOUSANOi '.ZIO DO NOT. IF I HAVE ONE REGRET IT IS TO ENDTHIS REPORT WITH NO MORE PRAISE THAN THIS.I WISH NOW TO EMPHASIZE SOME IMPORTANT POINTS TI BE REMEM-BEREO:

1) KWANGJU WAS NEVER A RIOT-TORN CITY. FOR UNDER 24 HOURSRIOT-TYPE ACTIVITY TOOK PLACE IN SPECIFIC AND LIMITED LOCA-TIONS ON ACCOUNT OF THE CITIZENS' OUTRAGE, BUT EVEN DURINGTHOSE TIMES THE CITY WAS NOT IN TURMOIL AND THE PEOPLE OFTHE CITY NOT IN DANGER FROM THE SO-CALLED RIOTERS. OUTSIDETHE HOURS OF THIS DESTRUCTIVE FURY, WHICH WAS SO NARROWLYFOCUSED AND SO SPECIFICALLY LOCALIZED. THE CITY WAS QUIET,AND PEOPLE WERE COMPLETELY SAFE EITHER ON OR OFF THESTREETS,

2) KWANGJU WAS NOT A CITY HELD OANGERDUSLY BY STUDENTS ORDISSIDENTS. IT WAS A CITY UNITED IN CRISIS. THE CRISISCAME FROM OUTSIDERS, UNITING THE CITIZENRY AS ONLY HAPPENSIN CRISIS AND DISASTER. EVEN THE POLICE, EVEN THE RIOT-POLICE, WERE FELT BY THE CITIZENS TD BE INNDCENT OF OFFENSE

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AGAINST THE CITY. THE ANIMOSITY OF KWANGJU IS AGAINST THEAIRBORNE UNIT WHICH BEHAVED SO BADLY, ANO AGAINST THE CEN-TRAL GOVERNMENT, WHICH THE CITY BELIEVES TO HAVE BEEN UN"FAIR THROUGHOUT.

3) CIVIL RIGHTS, HUMAN RIGHTS. AND GREATER DEMOCRACY WERENOT AT THE HEART OF KWANGJU'S ANGER. STUDENT ACTIVITY TO"WARD THESE GOALS WAS THE IMMEDIATE CAUSE OF THE EVENTSWHICH ROUSED THE CITY, AND MANY OF THE CITIZENS FEEL DEEPLY

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0 10094"Z JUN 80FM AMEMBASSY SEOULTO SECS)ATE laASHDC IMMEDIATE 6948INFO AMEMBASEY TOKYOCOMUSKORFA SEOUL KS//BJ"ISCHJUSMAG SEOlL KSSA CINCUNC KS

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ABOUT THFSI- CAUSES. BUT THE KWANGJU INCIDENT WAS NOT FOR ORBECAUSE OF THESE THINGS. IT WAS BECAUSE OF OUTRAGEOUS ACTSAGAINST I~S I'EOPLE, ANO ITS OBJECTIVE WAS TD MAKE KNOWNTHAT SUCH ~LTS COULD NOT BE INFLICTED HERE WITH IMPUNITY.

4) THE DU~PAGES WHICH OCCURRED WERE NOT FOR THEIR PARTDISCERNIBLY )NFECTED WITH SEXUAL LICEIiISE OR WITH SADISTICACTS AGAINST WOMEN. DESPITE RUMORS OF UNSPEAKABLE ACTS,THE VIC rfMS UF ABUSE PROVIDE INADEQLIATE GROUNDS FOR BELIEFIN SPECIFICALLY WOMAN-FOCUSEO ATRDCITIES.

5) TO THOSE WHO HAVE LIVED LONG IN KOREA, THE SINGLE MOSTAMAZING FACTOR IN TI.IE ENTIRE KWANGJU INCIDENT IS AN ATYPI"CAL AND PROBABLY MIRACULOUS RESTRAINT EXERCISED BY' ALL.WHATEVER DHlARGES MAY BE BROUGHT AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT ORTHE MARTIA' LAW COMMAND, THE CONSPICUOUS FACT IS THAT,WITHIN THE CONFINES OF THE KWANGJU AREA AND THE+TIME OFTHE KWANGJU INCIDENT AFTER THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE AIRBORNEUNITS. THE KOREAN MILITARY EXERCISED. ANO THE KOREANGOVER D, A RESTRAINT WHICH RAN COUNTER TO THEIR

PAGE 02 SEOUL 07402 10 OF 10 1012232

RECORD AND MUST HAVE BEEN GALLING TO MAINTAIN. BY THE SAMETOKEN. THE SELF"DISCIPLINE AND RESTRAINT SHOWN BY THE CITI"ZENRY IS BEYOND ALLPRECEOENT.

FINALLY, THE MISSIONARIESWERE NOT IN ANY GREATDANGER, BUTWERE THE OBJECT OF CONCERN ON THE PART NOT ONLY OF OUR OWNCOUNTRY BUT ALSO ONTHE PART OF KDREANSON BOTH SIDES OFTHE KWANGJU CONFLICT. NONETHELESS WELEARNED THAT HEROISMIS APPARENTLY NOT REQUIRED OFGOD'SSERVANTS IN SITUATIONS

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LIKE OURS: BUT THAT HE GIVESINSTEAO A CLEAR CONSCIOUSNESSOF WHAT WE SHOULDOR SHOULD NOT DO, TOGETHER WITH SO UN-

MISTAKABLE AN ASSURANCE OF HIS CARE THAT THERE IS NO ROOMFOR THE KIND OF FEAR WHICH HEROISM CONQUERS, HAD THINGS

GONE DIFFERENTLY, OR SOME ACCIDENT OCCURRED, ONE OR MOREOF US MIGHT HAVE DIED, BUT UNLESS IT IS HEROIC TO RELAXIN THE LOVE OF GOD. WE NEVER FELT THAT HE WAS ASKING US TOBE HIS HEROES.

THIS IS NOT TD SAY WE WERE IN SO CRITICAL A SITUATION, BUTONLY TO SAY WE WERE GIVEN STRONG AND SIMPLE GIFTS WHICHMADE THESE THINGS IRRELEVANT.

Is/END OUOTE. CLEYSTEEN

UUNE 5-6, 1980.

UH, SSflED