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20150707-1

Notes on powdery mildews (Erysiphales) in Japan: IV. Phyllactinia, Parauncinula and

Sawadaea

J Meeboon, SAS Siahaan, S Takamatsu - Mycoscience, 2015 - Elsevier

/Acer, /Quercus, /Japan

2015/07/07

Abstract New records of Phyllactinia, Parauncinula and Sawadaea species (Erysiphales) in Japan are reported with morphological and

molecular data, including the first discovery of Ph. actinidiae-latifoliae in Japan, and the first Japanese record of Ph. pyri-serotinae on Aria

alnifolia, Pa. septata on Quercus variabilis and Q. robur, and Sa. polyfida on Acer australe. In addition, Phyllactinia collections of K. Sawada

deposited in TNS were re-examined and some of them were designated as lectotypes or syntypes.

IVPhyllactiniaParauncinulaSawadaea

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1340354015000364

URL

Erysiphales,,Phyllactinia,

,,,Parauncinula

,,,,Sawadaea

,,,,




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-2

Phaeohyphomycosis Caused by a Novel Species: Pseudochaetosphaeronema

martinelli

SA Ahmed, N Desbois, D Quist, C Miossec - Journal of Clinical , 2015 - Am Soc Microbiol

/Martinique, /Mexico,

/mycetoma

2015/07/07

ABSTRACT Among the opportunistic mycoses that are emerging in patients with immunosuppression or severe underlying illness, many

isolates lack of characteristic sporulation and until recently could not be identified. Clinical signs are mostly non-specific and therefore such

infections have often been disregarded. In the present paper we describe a novel, non-sporulating fungal species causing subcutaneous

phaeohyphomycosis in two patients of different origin. One is a 73-year-old female from Martinique who suffered from rheumatoid arthritis,

while the other case concerns a 72-year-old male from Mexico who had a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sequencing of the partial

ribosomal operon revealed that in both cases a member of the order Pleosporales was concerned which could not be affiliated to any family

within this order. Multilocus analysis revealed that the fungus was related to another, unaffiliated agent of human mycetoma,

Pseudochaetosphaeronema larense, and therefore the name Pseudochaetosphaeronema martinelli was introduced.

Pseudochaetosphaeronema martinelli

http://jcm.asm.org/content/early/2015/06/25/JCM.01456-15.abstract

URL

Pseudochaetosphaeronema,,,

Pleosporales,,

Pseudochaetosphaeronema larense,,

,




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-3

Drivers of macrofungal species composition in temperate forests, West Hungary:

functional groups compared

G Kutszegi, I Siller, B Dima, K Takcs, Z Mernyi - Fungal Ecology, 2015 - Elsevier

/Hungary

2015/07/07

The most influential environmental drivers of macrofungal species composition were studied in managed, even-aged, mixed forests of rsg

National Park, Hungary. Functional groups of macrofungi were analyzed separately by non-metric multidimensional scaling and redundancy

analysis exploring their relations to tree species composition, stand structure, soil/litter conditions, microclimate, landscape, and

management history. There was some evidence that macrofungi are related to drivers that are relatively easy to measure. Wood-inhabiting

fungal species composition is driven primarily by the species composition of living trees, while substratum properties and microclimate play

minor roles. The terricolous saprotrophic community was determined principally by a litter pH gradient involving tree species composition

and soil/litter properties. Microclimate had no concordant effect. No obvious underlying gradients were detected on ectomycorrhizal fungal

species composition; however, tree size and litter pH had significant effects. For each group, no clear responses to landscape or

management history were detected.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175450481500063X

URL




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-4

Psathyrella (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) species collected on dung from Punjab, India

K Amandeep, NS Atri, K Munruchi - Current Research in , 2015 - creamjournal.org

/India

2015/07/07

This paper gives an account of five Psathyrella species from Punjab state in India along with key for their identification. The collections of the

identified taxa were obtained from a variety of coprophilous habitats having different herbivorous dung types. These belong to Psathyrella

kauffmanii var. kauffmanii, P. vanhermanii, P. fimicola, P. sphaerocystis and P. flocculosa. For all the taxa, dung types on which they were

found growing are mentioned. Psathyrella kauffmanii var. kauffmanii, P. vanhermanii, P. sphaerocystis and P. flocculosa are new fungus

records for India. The taxonomy of all these 04 new records is discussed along with the drawings of morphological and anatomical features

and their distinctive characters are described and compared with similar taxa.

http://creamjournal.org/PDFs/Cream_5_2_6.pdf

URL

Psathyrella,,,,

Psathyrellaceae,,,Agaricales

,,Psathyrella kauffmanii,

,,,




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-5

ARMILLARIA

MELLEA SL ( ARMILLARIA BOREALIS)

, - 2014 - elib.sfu-kras.ru

2015/07/07

Armillaria mellea s.l.Armillaria borealis

http://elib.sfu-kras.ru/handle/2311/18335

URL




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-6

DNA barcoding of fungi using Ribosomal ITS Marker for genetic diversity analysis: A

Review

S Das, B Deb - Int. J. Pure App. Biosci, 2015 - ijpab.com

DNA/DNA barcoding

2015/07/07

201577

DNA barcode is a very short, standardized DNA sequence in a well-known gene. It provides a way toidentify the species to which a plant,

animal or fungus belongs. DNA barcoding is a new concept ofidentifying unknown organisms based on species-specific DNA regions. fungi

are a group ofeukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms and these organisms are belongs to kingdomFungi, which is separated

from plants, animals, protists, and bacteria. The nuclear ribosomalInternal Transcribed Spacer ITS region is widely used as a DNA barcoding

marker to characterizethe diversity and composition of fungal communities. Since the early 1990s, the ITS region has beenheavily used in

both molecular methods and ecological studies of fungi, Due to its high degree ofinterspecific variability, conserved primer sites and multiple

copy nature in the genome. Primershave long been available for the nuclear ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) rDNA region which arenow

commonly used for fungal identification.COX1 gene is of limited use as a barcode for trueFungi as the length of fungal COX1 is highly

variable (1.622 kb). The ITS region of fungi varies inlength from 450bp to 750bp. Due to some limitations in COX1 gene ITS is introduced

for barcodingof fungal species identification. ITS is a piece of non-functional RNA situated betweenstructural ribosomal RNAs (rRNA) on a

common precursor transcript. Most mycologists suggestedthat the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal RNA, the first

barcode for thekingdom Fungi. Approximately 172,000 full-length fungal ITS sequences are available in Genbank.ITS marker exists in

multiple copies in most fungal cells and is retrievable by relatively strongprimers with an established record of reliability. From some latest

review papers on fungalbarcoding, it is observed that in ascomycetes, ITS had the most resolving power for speciesdiscrimination. The

ITSDNA

http://www.ijpab.com/form/2015 Volume 3, issue 3/IJPAB-2015-3-3-160-167.pdf

URL




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-10

How do Agaricomycetes shape their fruiting bodies? 1. Morphological aspects of

development

U Kes, M Navarro-Gonzlez - Fungal Biology Reviews, 2015 - Elsevier

/Auricularia,

/Schizophyllum

2015/07/07

Abstract Fruiting body formation in Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycotina) represents the most complex developmental processes known in the

fungal kingdom. Shapes range from simple resupinate forms with open hymenia through to closed puff-balls and false truffles with internally

hidden hymenia and include brackets and stiped mushrooms, which may have open caps throughout or which open during development,

where the hymenia cover the surfaces of gills or pores. Mushroom shapes and features do not necessarily reflect close or distant

phylogenetic relationships. Thus, morphological characteristics have lost some of their former significance in taxonomy. The onset and

progress of courses of processes in mushroom formation are determined by the sum of various genetic, physiological and environmental

factors. Shapes of mushrooms can be dramatically changed by mutations and by adverse environmental conditions. Events in normal

fruiting body formation may run in parallel or behind each other in the form of subroutines that have different degrees of independency to

each other. Alterations in details or in places and orders of distinct subroutines and omissions can result in abnormal mushrooms.

Developmental processes, time courses and tissue structures have been described in more details for a few model species (such as the

hemiangiocarpous Coprinopsis cinerea and the gymnocarpous Schizophyllum commune) and some species of commercial interest (e.g. the

gymnocarpous Auricularia auricula-judae and the hemiangiocarpous Agaricus bisporus). Morphological descriptions of fruiting body

development in these four species are summarized here. Agaricomycetes have relatively large genomes with more than 10,000 different

genes, many of which are expressed during the fruiting process in specific pseudoparenchymatous tissues (plectenchyma) or possibly only

(1)


URL

AgaricomycetesAgaricomycotinaCoprinopsis

,,,,Coprinopsis cinerea

,,,,Schizophyllum

,,,,Schizophyllum

commune,,,,

Auricularia,,,,

Auricularia auricula-judae,,,,

Agaricus,,,,

Agaricus bisporus,,,,




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-11

The regulatory gene VosA affects conidiogenesis and is involved in virulence of the

fungal cereal pathogen Cochliobolus sativus

R Wang, Y Leng, S Zhong - Fungal Biology, 2015 - Elsevier

/plant pathogenic fungi,

/pathogenic fungi, /virulence

2015/07/07

VosA is one of the four components in the velvet complex shown to be involved in regulation of fungal development and secondary

metabolism in filamentous fungi. However, the function of VosA has only been studied in a few plant pathogenic fungi. In this study, we

identified the ortholog (CsVosA) of VosA in the cereal spot blotch pathogen Cochliobolus sativus and generated gene knockout mutants for

functional characterization of the gene. Conidia of the CsVosA knockout mutants (CsVosA) lacked trehalose, were significantly reduced in

viability, had less pigmentation, and showed a dramatic reduction in tolerance to heat, oxidative and ion stresses. However, CsVosA

produced more conidia than the wild type under both constant dark and constant light conditions, suggesting that CsVosA is a negative-

feedback regulator in conidiation. Interestingly, the CsVosA mutants exhibited a hypermorphic conidiation phenotype with indeterminate

growth of the conidial tip cells resulting in head-to-tail (acropetal) arrays of conidiogenesis, indicating that some genes involved in

conidiation are also regulated by CsVosA. The CsVosA mutants showed significant reduction in virulence on susceptible barley plants and

the two genes for nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) involved in virulence during host infection were down-regulated in CsVosA,

suggesting that CsVosA may affect virulence of the fungus by regulating the expression of the genes for NRPSs, as well as other genes

directly or indirectly involved in virulence.

VosACochliobolus sativus


URL

Cochliobolus,,,,

Cochliobolus sativus,,,

,




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-12

Replacement of the European wheat yellow rust population by new races from the

centre of diversity in the near-Himalayan region

MS Hovmller, S Walter, R Bayles, A Hubbard - Plant , 2015 - Wiley Online Library

/rust fungi,

/microsatellite, /virulence

2015/07/07

Abstract Isolates of recently spreading races of yellow rust from wheat and triticale in Europe were analysed using virulence phenotypic

data of 2605 isolates sampled in twelve countries between 2000 and 2014. A subset of 239 isolates was investigated by microsatellite

markers. At least three races of non-European origin, termed Warrior, Kranich, and Triticale aggressive, were identified in the post-2011

population. The Warrior race was present in high frequencies already in the first year of detection in most European countries and replaced

to a large extent the pre-2011 European population, whereas the two other exotic races were localized to certain regions and/or crop type.

The presence of at least six multi-locus genotypes of the Warrior race and five genotypes of the Kranich race already in the first years of

detection and across large areas is consistent with a hypothesis of aerial spread from genetically diverse source populations. A comparison

with reference isolates sampled from six continents suggested that the Warrior and Kranich races originated from sexual recombining

populations in the centre of diversity of the yellow rust fungus in the near-Himalayan region of Asia, whereas the triticale-aggressive race

was the most similar to populations in the Middle East/Central Asia. The study illustrated the potential role of sexual P. striiformis

populations as a reservoir for new races replacing distant clonal populations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ppa.12433/abstract

URL




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-13

- , 2015 -

2015/07/07

:.:32,,

.:,,,,;20

,;,11

.:;20;11

,.

http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical_zyyjyxx201505015.aspx

URL




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-14

First Report: Hyphomycetous Fungi from Rawalpindi, Pakistan

K Sultana, A Husna, G Irshad - Journal of , 2015 - corescholar.libraries.wright.edu

/Pakistan

2015/07/07

The saprophytic hyphomycetous fungi: Beniowskia sphaeroidea, Graphium putredinis, Phaeoisaria clematidis, and Tilachlidium ramosum

were recorded in Rawalpindi from 2008 to 2010. These were studied in the laboratories of PMAS-Arid Agriculture University campus

Rawalpindi.

http://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/jbm/vol2/iss2/2/?utm_source=corescholar.libraries.wright.edu%2Fjbm%2Fvol2%2Fiss2%

2F2&utm_medium=PDF&utm_campaign=PDFCoverPages

URL

BeniowskiaBeniowskia sphaeroidea

Graphium,,,,

Graphium putredinis,,,

,PhaeoisariaPhaeoisaria clematidis

Tilachlidium,,,

Tilachlidium ramosum,,,




Search Date



Abstract/Summary



20150707-15

Geometric morphometry of Phytophthora plurivora sporangia

E Fodor, O Hrua, I Milenkovi, A Lyubenova - Annals of Forest , 2015 - afrjournal.org

/Greece, /Bulgaria,

/Romania

2015/07/07

Eigenshape analysis and Relative Warp Analysis were employed in the study of the shape of highly variable sporangia of Phytophthora

plurivora, a widespread oomycetous pathogen isolated from woody species, in several South-East European countries: Bulgaria, Greece,

Serbia and Romania. The aim of the study was to estimate whether shape variables permitted the quantitative assessment of sporangial

shape variability in P. plurivora and also, the discrimination between species based solely on sporangial shape, P. cactorum being selected

for comparisons. Both Eigenshape and Relative Warp Analyses showed that the most variable sporangial areas were apical and basal

regions. More than half of the shape variation was accounted for the first 2 ES axes (66.75%) and first two RW axes (61.74%). ESA

performed better in terms of species shape (P. plurivora and P. cactorum) separation. Canonical Variate Analysis/MANOVA and Discriminant

Analysis indicated the clear discrimination between species and between isolates of P. plurivora. Mean or consensus shape performed as the

best shape descriptor of sporangia. High dimensional variation considered in terms of centroid size corroborated with shape variation

spanning from symmetrical consensus shape to conspicuously asymmetric shapes.

Phytophthora plurivora

http://afrjournal.org/index.php/afr/article/view/411

URL

Phytophthora,,,Phytophthora

plurivora,,,




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-17

Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Irpex Lacteus Wild Fleshy

Fungi

R Chaudhary, A Tripathy - jpsr.pharmainfo.in

GC-MS, /pneumonia

2015/07/07

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of wild mushroom (112 sample

no.) and identification of bioactive compounds by using GC-MS .Identification of the strain based on DNA Sequencing by ITS1and ITS4.

Methods: Specimen was tentatively identified on the basis of morphology and culture was obtained in 2% MEA (Malt Extract Agar). The

strain was screened by antimicrobial activity. Methanolic extract was prepared by lyophilized the mycelial biomass they were used for

antimicrobial activity in concentration of 100 mg/ml, 200mg/ml, 300mg/ml 400mg/ml, 500mg/ml .The resultant fraction of strain (112

samples) was subjected to GC-MS. Finally the strain was identified on the basis of molecular taxonomy. Results: The methanolic extract was

found to show antimicrobial activity even at the highest concentration of 500 mg/ml for Klebsiella pneumonia (MTCC109) 280 mm,

Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 737)27.331.24 mm, Escherichia coli(MTCC-739)(19.330.47 mm),Candida albicans(MTCC-227)(10.33

0.57 mm), Trichophyton mentagrophyte (MTCC-8476) (25.660.47 mm). 14 bioactive compounds were identified with broad spectra of

bioactivities. Through molecular taxonomy sample identifies as Irpex lacteus. Conclusion: The present study shows that the methanolic

extract and ethyl extract of sample were more active fractions. The selected sample has a high inhibitory performance like antimicrobial

activity against Gram positive, Gram negative and fungal species. Since bioactive compounds occurring in Irpex lacteus have broad

spectrum like Anti-inflammatory, Hypocholesterolemic, Cancer preventive, Hepatoprotective, Nematicide Insectifuge, Antihistaminic etc.

Moreover help to identify the natural compounds from wild mushroom.

Irpex Lacteus

http://jpsr.pharmainfo.in/Documents/Volumes/vol7Issue07/jpsr07071508.pdf

URL

Trichophyton,,,,




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-18

Betel Vine Leaf Extract Inhibits Mildew Fungus of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Growth

under in vitro Conditions

KS Bhat, J Thomas, V Kempraj, A Danesh - Journal of Plant , 2015 - researchgate.net

GC/MS, MIC, /powdery mildew,

/pathogenic fungi

2015/07/07

Powdery mildews are a group of common pathogenic fungi infecting wide range of host plants,often causing serious damage and crop loss.

Considering the indiscriminate application of syntheticfungicides and their hazardous environmental impact, development of safer

alternatives becamecrucial. In an attempt to investigate the efficacy of betel vine leaf extract on powdery mildew ofNyctanthes arbor-tristis,

in vitro culture method for the fungus has been developed andcomparative efficacy of the extract on the pathogen has been evaluated with

commercial fungicide,Bavistin. Biochemical profiling of the hexane extract of betel vine leaf by GC/MS has indicated thepresence of 29

different compounds, with Safrole and eugenol as the major components. Successfulpropagation and confirmation of viability of the mildew

under in vitro conditions have beenestablished. Bioassay on mycostatic efficacy of the hexane extract of betel vine leaf on mildew hasyielded

MIC of 6%. The study has confirmed potential of betel vine leaf extract for development ofsafer alternative fungicide to regulate mildew

disease of plants.

in vitroNyctanthes arbor-tristis

http://www.researchgate.

net/profile/Vivek_Kempraj/publication/279195169_Betel_Vine_Leaf_Extract_Inhibits_Mildew_Fungus_of_Nyctanthes_arbor-

tristis_Growth_under_in_vitro_Conditions/links/558e313808ae47a3490be190.pdf

URL




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Abstract/Summary



20150707-20

Altitudinal distribution patterns of AM fungal assemblages in a Tibetan alpine

grassland

L Liu, MM Hart, J Zhang, X Cai - FEMS , 2015 - femsec.oxfordjournals.org

/arbuscular mycorrhizal

fungi, /Tibet,

/mycorrhizal fungi,

/biogeography, /grassland

2015/07/07

Abstract A better understanding of Glomeromycotan biogeography is essential for the conservation of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal

species and the ecosystem services that they provide worldwide. Here, we examine the spatial dynamics of AM fungi along two slopes (4149

m a.s.l. to the summit at 5033 m a.s.l.) of Mount Mila on the Tibetan Plateau. Our hypothesis was that AM fungal communities at higher

elevation would show distinct assemblages with lower diversity in conditions of increasing environmental harshness. A total of 52

operational taxonomic units (OTUs) spanning all four orders were detected and some OTUs were habitat specific. Nearly 30% of the OTUs

were new phylotypes, including two family-like clades. Distinct communities of AM fungi were found at the higher elevation, demonstrating

potential niche differentiation along the elevation gradient. Elevation patterns of taxon richness/diversity differed between the two transects,

decreasing with increasing elevation on the eastern slope and unimodal (or no pattern) on the western slope. Taken together, we provide

evidence for significant spatial structure of AM fungi across the elevation gradient, and the distribution patterns are regulated simultaneously

by the plant communities, soil properties and climatic conditions in this plateau montane ecosystem. arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

community structure Tibet elevation vegetation type fungal diversity FEMS 2015. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail:

[email protected]

AM

http://femsec.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/07/02/femsec.fiv078.abstract

URL

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