unlimited dimensions! - wieland dental · dentine modifiers, two incisals, two opal incisals, three...

1User Guide valid from February 2013 www.wieland-dental.de

Instructions for use Zenoflex dimension

Unlimited dimensions!

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Table of contents

Wieland Dental & Wieland Dental Ceramics ..........................................................p. 4

New dimension ceramics –

Enter new dimensions with zirconium dioxide ceramics .........................................p. 7

Zenoflex dimension assortments – Set your own standard .....................................p. 10

The shade dimensions of the labels .......................................................................p. 12

Preparing and veneering the framework ...............................................................p. 15

Zenostar ...............................................................................................................p. 19

Zenoflex dimension One – The single-layer ceramic technique ...............................p. 20

Zenoflex dimension – Three-layer build-up ............................................................p. 25

Zenoflex dimension – Professional build-up ...........................................................p. 28

X Stain RZ Module ................................................................................................p. 33

Zenoflex dimension 3D – Additional shades for the 3D-Master* system ..................p. 35

Zenoflex dimension Bleach ....................................................................................p. 36

Zenoflex dimension Shoulder materials .................................................................p. 38

Zenoflex dimension Gingiva ..................................................................................p. 40

Firing programs for Zenoflex dimension ................................................................p. 44

Notes for the dental practitioner ...........................................................................p. 47

Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................p. 51

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0483*VITA System 3D-Master is a registered trade mark of Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG, 79704 Bad Säckingen, Germany.

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Ever since Dr. Theodor Wieland founded the company as a family business in 1871, the Wieland name has represented a unique combination of tradition and innovation as well

as high-quality products and the best in customer service.

As a medium-sized enterprise with over 140 years‘ experience we are one of the world‘s

leading suppliers in the field of dental technology. Future-ready integrated technologies

and materials are the hallmarks of our expertise and prowess.

In recent years a constant process of organisational optimisation together with

numerous technical innovations has enabled us to considerably strengthen our market

position. Both on a national level and in the international markets. In this way we

have founded subsidiary companies for distribution of dental products, for example in

Austria, USA and China. Our production sites are located in Pforzheim and Rosbach-

Rodheim.

One major aspect of our business is products and services in the field of high-quality

dental restorations.

Ranging from dental alloys made of noble metals, AGC electroplating technology, the

innovative Zenotec CAD/CAM system for automated production of ceramic and metal

framework up to individually finished veneer ceramics, Wieland Dental offers everything

for any crown shapes to 14-unit bridges. Wieland Dental offers their customers solutions

and complete systems so that they can produce their work quickly and at low cost.

Wieland dental Ceramics – the experts for High-Class Ceramics

Wieland Dental Ceramics GmbH was founded in Rosbach-Rodheim as a subsidiary

of Wieland Dental + Technik GmbH & Co. KG, Pforzheim. The company commenced

operations at the beginning of 2002 and has continued to grow ever since. There are

now over 30 employees.

The company’s goal is the development and production of veneering ceramics and

ceramic systems that will set benchmarks in materials technology and aesthetic

standards. Dental technicians, dentists and schools of dentistry collaborate closely in this

research.

The company currently supplies veneering ceramics for all standard framework materials

on the market.

Expertise, good customer relations and innovation are the fruits of close cooperation and

integration of research, development, applied technology and production processes.

Wieland dental & Wieland dental Ceramics

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Wieland Ceramics – expect the difference

overcoming aesthetic challenges – Wieland succeeds in making veneering ceramics compatible with digitisation.

Even proven and highly aesthetic top-quality ceramics are capable of ongoing development and refinement. The requirements not

only of patients and dentists but also of the dental technicians who use the materials are governed by a wide variety of criteria – and

often economic considerations are foremost.

Users and experienced ceramics experts have played an important part in the creation of this new dimension of advanced veneering

materials. From ease of handling during use and the reliable firing process even with multiple firings to the brilliant, natural-looking

results obtained, everything about these materials is sure to impress. The emotional aspects of dental aesthetics reach a state of

perfection when both patient and dentist concerned are convinced of the quality of our work. Materials and creative work thereby

come together in perfect symbiosis. For Wieland, reliability for the user and clinical performance are paramount.

The development of Zenostar itself and its clinical evaluation already made a contribution towards improving the reliability and

extending the range of materials by adding new applications. This successful concept has been developed still further through these

veneering ceramics, so that Zenoflex dimension now covers all applications and requirements. From Zenostar and the cut-back tech-

nique to the Zenoflex dimension One single-layer ceramics, this system does everything.

At the same time, we have driven forward innovations in Wieland’s zirconium dioxide veneering ceramics by developing the existing

products still further. In addition to a modified microstructure, which offers the lab greater freedom, additional modifiers have been

developed and it is now possible to characterise restorations by using so-called Core Stains.

This enables a much closer match to be obtained between all-ceramic restorations and PFM crowns.

The heart and the creative soul of the ceramic materials reside in the Creative Box. This is a compact, versatile and creative ceramic

system offering a considerable degree of freedom. From the dimension One single-layer ceramic and the classical standard three-layer

build-up to individual layering techniques including Bleach and 3D-Master shades*, everything is possible.

Zenoflex dimension – be creative !

*VITA System 3D-Master is a registered trade mark of Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG, 79704 Bad Säckingen.

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Range of indications

Zenoflex dimension is suitable for veneering hard-sintered zirconium dioxide frame-

works with a CTE at 25 - 500 °C of approx. 10.5 x 10-6K-1.

Contraindications

■ Veneering zirconium dioxide frameworks with defects in the form of cracks, fissures or

cavitations.

■ Unsuitable preparation types (e.g. tangential preparations).

■ Cases where space is restricted.

■ Patients suffering from parafunctional habits (e.g. bruxism).

■ Temporarily fixed restorations.

■ Extensive grinding of the restoration (interior and exterior of the ZrO2 framework or of

the veneering ceramic) carried out by the dentist or the dental technician using rotary

instruments without water cooling and involving the exertion of considerable pressure.

innovative anti-stress minerals (Asm)

The innovative ASM microstructure is obtained by adding fine crystals during the

production process. This gives the user a considerable degree of confidence and

reliability and in clinical use, the anti-stress minerals (ASM) enable undesirable tensile

stresses to be removed whilst at the same time retaining the required compressive

stresses. The veneered ZrO2 restoration therefore boasts the best possible distribution

of stresses with a consequent increase in the life of the restoration.

Benefits of the innovative microstructure

■ Extremely smooth, homogeneous, gingiva-friendly and plaque resistant surfaces

■ ASM: anti-stress minerals reduce undesirable tensile stresses

technical specifications

Physical properties (en iso 6872) Unit

Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE 25 - 500 °C) 9.4 ± 0.5 *10-6 K-1

Transformation temperature 580 ± 20 °C

Flexural strength (3-point test) approx. 120 MPa

Chemical solubility approx. 15 µg/cm2

Type / class I/1

Range of indications

important!

■ If rotary instruments have been used to carry out finishing work on the ceramic veneer, this must always be followed by a

glaze bake and relief cooling (see firing charts).

■ This procedure helps to reduce stresses and rectify the damage (microcracks) that may occur in the veneer.

■ This also applies to incisive grinding carried out by the dentist on the occlusal and approximal contact surfaces.

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new dimension Ceramics – enter new dimensions with zirconium dioxide ceramics

Aesthetic

■ Perfect shade match for all Wieland X-Type ceramics

■ Exceptionally natural shade characteristics

■ For the most demanding requirements

■ Improved shades with more chroma

■ Finer opal incisals with greater translucence and improved

brilliance

■ Natural-looking fluorescence and opalescence

■ Iridescent opal effect materials for fascinating enamel effects

■ Ergonomically designed ceramic system

Reliable

■ Exceptionally good bonding to Wieland zirconium dioxides

■ Simple and reliable firing program

■ Final bake with relief cooling

■ Extremely strong

■ 3D-Master shades* can now be reproduced

Affordable

■ Easy and reliable shade reproduction with logical three-layer

build-up

■ Dimension One single-layer ceramic represents a highly

affordable solution

■ Zenoflex dimension makes Zenostar restorations even more

aesthetic

■ Very robust in use

■ Perfect handling properties, very good firing characteristics

■ Extremely compact ceramic kit

innovative

■ ASM: anti-stress minerals make the ceramic even more

reliable

■ Opalescence remains stable under firing

■ Very simple layering technique from Zenostar restorations

through standard to premium

*VITA System 3D-Master is a registered trade mark of Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG, 79704 Bad Säckingen.

Zenostar

Monolithic zirconium dioxide crown

Can be individually characterised by the use of stains

Affordable, reliable, robust

Cut-Back

CAD-designed dentine core with aesthetic enamel layer

Affordable, reliable, robust

Single-layer technique Simple and convincing with only one layer of material

Economical stain technique

Three layer build-up Build-up with Core Liner, Core Stain, Dentine and Incisal

Gives better-than-average aesthetics

Professional build-up Covers all indications

Aesthetics to satisfy the most discerning patients

PREMIUM SEGMENT

INDICATION: posteriors INDICATION: universal

Better aestheticsMore automation

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Zenoflex dimension – starter sets Zenoflex dimension – modular add-ons

Better to supplement by purchasing individual materials. These add-ons are recommended.

Zenoflex dimension one module

Zenoflex dimension Basic i module

Zenoflex dimension Basic ii module

Bleach 3ddimension

one stain Chromatix

3d stain Chromatix

Bleach 3d stain Chromatix

Bleachdimension

one

dimension one

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Zenoflex dimension –

completion add-ons

*To make up a complete assortment, all that is now needed is the dimension One module.

shoulder Advanced

shoulder Advanced

shoulder Advanced

Zenoflex dimension Addon i*

Zenoflex dimension Addon ii

Complete module

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Why a Creative Ceramic Box?

It is more than a storage container. The C-Box is a compact, versatile designer item

which not only enhances the appearance of any lab but also allows dental technicians

to give free rein to their creativity. The materials are shipped in individual trays which

can be slotted into place in the C-Box. Because these can be removed at any time,

the system offers great flexibility, since the materials can easily be taken to the work-

place complete with trays. Each single material that makes up the complete Zenoflex

dimension system has its place in the Creative Box.

Zenoflex dimension test module

The Test Module offers the opportunity to get to know the new high-quality

Zenoflex dimension veneering ceramic and to gain a positive first impression. This

means that the ease of handling and perfect firing characteristics offered by this

unique ceramic can be experienced and tried out first hand. This module consists of

a total of 12 ceramic materials. It includes one transparent material, one opale incisal,

one colored translucencie, one modifier and two opale effect materials. Of course,

the Test Module also comes with one glaze, one bodystain, the corresponding carving

liquids and a brush, so that you can start right away. Just try it and see!

Zenoflex dimension Basic i module

For customers who prefer the classical three-layer technique as an alternative to the

professional build-up. This module includes all 16 tooth shades as well as the appro-

priate Core Liners and Core Stains, dentines and incisals. In addition, this module is

rounded off by the inclusion of two transparent materials, one opale incisal and the

corresponding carving liquids as well as a glaze.

Zenoflex dimension Basic ii module

The Basic II Module is a classical eight-shade assortment, ideally suitable for multiple-

layer build-ups. It includes four Core Liners as well as four Core Stains. In addition,

there are eight corresponding dentine and Chromatix materials as well as six

dentine modifiers, two incisals, two opal incisals, three (high-temperature) shoulder

materials, two transparent materials, three stains, one glaze and a correction material.

The corresponding carving liquids are of course included in this module.

Zenoflex dimension one module

This module represents another way to enter the new dimensions of this ceramic.

With just two translucent layering materials and four body stains, all 16 shades of the

A-D shade guide can easily be reproduced by staining. The module also includes five

Core Liners and four Core Stains. This type of work represents the low-budget end of

dental restorations.

Zenoflex dimension assortments – set your own standard

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Zenoflex dimension Bleach module

The Basic I Module already includes the bleach shades. However,

when entering the world of Zenoflex dimension by way of

the Basic II Module, the set must be expanded by adding

the Zenoflex dimension Bleach Module in order to create the

bleach shades. The Bleach Module comprises four bleach

dentines, three bleach Core Liners, three opal incisals (Opale

Effect Snow, Opale Effect Milky and Opale Incisal 1), which can

be used as bleach incisals, plus the bleach shoulder materials.

Zenoflex dimension 3d module

If the dentist has selected 3D-Master shades*, these can easily

be reproduced with the 3D Module. By using 12 dentines, two

incisals and five Core Liners, the 12 3D-Master shades* can be

reproduced. In order to recreate the remaining 14 3D-Master

shades* in simple 1:1 mixture ratios, the A3.5, B3, B4, C3 and

D3 dentines are also needed (see the chart on page 35).

X stain RZ module

The X Stain RZ Module comprises 16 stains, four body stains

and glaze. In addition, it includes the corresponding liquids.

This module is especially suitable for shading fully-contoured

Zenostar restorations.

Zenoflex dimension Chromatix module

This module contains all of the chroma dentines required to

complement all 16 tooth shades.

Zenoflex dimension shoulder module

Consisting of 12 shoulder materials, this module covers the

various tasks involved in building up the shoulder. It consists of

six High shoulders and six Correction shoulders. The special

shoulder carving liquids are also included in the module.

Zenoflex dimension Advanced module

The Advanced Module consists of the remaining supplemen-

tary materials, six gingivas, three opale incisals, one transpa

opal, ten colored translucencies, four opal effects, ten dentine

modifiers, three core liner modifiers and one correction as

well as the corresponding carving liquids.

Zenoflex dimension Add-on i module

The Zenoflex dimension Add-on I Module is the add-on set for

Basic I and contains all the modules described above with the

exception of the Zenoflex dimension One Module. This enables

the customer to easily expand the Basic I Module without

worrying about individual materials.

Zenoflex dimension Add-on ii module

The Add-on II Module contains all materials and liquids required

to make the Basic II Module up to a complete set.

Zenoflex dimension Complete module

The Complete Module comprises the whole world of the

Zenoflex dimension system. This module offers every option in

ceramics, from low-cost veneering to high-end build-up. The

Complete Module includes all materials. The C-Box makes the

Zenoflex dimension Complete Module into a highly aesthetic,

ergonomic, creative and fascinating tool for all ceramic work.

As a thank you for placing your trust in our products, this

combination of design and storage ergonomics is included free

of charge.

Zenoflex dimension Freestyle module

Zenoflex dimension is uncompromisingly committed to crea-

tivity. The contents of the C-Box can therefore be individually

assembled to suit the requirement profile of your specific tasks.

Freestyle, you might say. You decide the contents and we fill the

C-Box with the required materials to meet your creative needs.

*VITA System 3D-Master is a registered trade mark of Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG,

79704 Bad Säckingen.

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the shade dimensions of the labels

Core stainThe Core Stains are used to lend a gentle pastel shade

to the unshaded zirconium dioxide frameworks (trans-

lucent and white). They are blended to a (not too thin)

paste with the Core Stain Liquid and applied evenly to

the framework. Core Stains are less opaque than Core

Liners. This means that the color characteristics of the

framework material are by and large retained.

Core linerCore Liners are more opaque than Core Stains. They

are applied to the whole surface and therefore present

a more reliable way of masking post-anchored resto-

rations or discolored stumps. The basic shade can

be defined irrespective of the type and shade of the

zirconium dioxide material. The Core Liner is made up

by mixing it with Optimix Liner Liquid. For reasons of

handling, it can not be applied with distilled water. The

appearance after firing is smooth and shiny.

dentineUsed to build up the core of the restoration and sup-

port the primary color effect.

Uni (single-layer material)These materials are used for the single-layer tech-

nique. The translucency and the chroma of the two

Zenoflex dimension Uni materials available (light and

intense) are designed to imitate a dentine / incisal

layer when the restoration is shaded with X Body

Stains RZ. The single-layer technique and its applica-

tion are described in greater detail in the section on

Zenoflex dimension One on page 20 ff.

modifierThe dentine modifiers enable a further nuance to

be given to the dentine core in a variety of shades

and chroma variations. Restorations can also be

individually characterised by using these materials.

ChromatixThis dentine modifier has a more intense shade

and greater opacity than a dentine. This gives added

chroma to the dentine core whilst at the same time

masking the zirconium dioxide framework better,

especially when thin layers are used. Chromatix can

be mixed with the normal dentine to control chroma

and translucence, or used on its own as needed.

GingivaThe broad shade spectrum and excellent handling

characteristics of these gum dentines make it possible

to recreate the exact coloring and anatomic features

of the gingiva to meet the demands of today’s dentists

and patients alike.

incisalUsed to imitate the natural tooth enamel. The names

of the incisals relate to specific shades. For example,

you need Incisal 2 to reproduce an overall A2 shade

with a standard A2 build-up.

Colored translucencyTo accentuate specific enamel characteristics,

especially in the incisal area of the restoration

opale incisalThe Opale Incisal material gives a natural opalescence

even with multiple firings. Here, too, the material can

be mixed with the regular incisal or used on its own.

“For Wieland, light dynamics are standard".

opale effectUnlike the standard opal incisals which are allocated

to specific shades, the Opale Effect materials are

characterised by their unique transparency, pigmenta-

tion and mother-of-pearl type opalescence. These

materials are therefore ideal for producing highly

individualised increases and decreases in brightness

characteristics and designing the contrasts in the

incisal and mesial areas of the build-up. This can

be achieved by using the Transpa Opal, Milky, Snow,

Oyster White, Light Coral, Pale Shell and Pink Pearl

materials.

shoulder HighThis high-temperature material is used for making

ceramic shoulders prior to the dentine bake.

shoulder CorrectionBecause of their dark and somewhat opaque shade,

these low-temperature materials are used mainly to

correct the margin areas.

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transpa Clear / transpa neutralThe Transpa materials are used to imitate various

degrees of transparency. Transparent incisal margins

can be reproduced as easily as shade nuances in the

incisal area. This material, too, can be mixed with a

conventional incisal or used on its own.

CorrectionThis low-temperature transparent material is used for

making minor corrections to restorations that have

already been completed. Because of its low firing

temperature, there is no risk of rounding the veneer.

X Bodystains RZThese materials are needed when applying the single-

layer technique and for Zenostar restorations. The

body stains are used to achieve the basic shade in the

veneered restoration. The body stains are applied

to the finished restoration after layering, firing and

trimming, and then the restoration is fired again.

X stain RZThis stain can be used to characterise zones such as

the cervical or occlusal areas. Also equally suitable for

use when making Zenostar restorations.

X Glaze RZ / Zenostar magic GlazeThe glaze bake gives the surface finish to the

ceramic veneer. The glaze material is applied in a thin

and even layer. Alternatively, the material can be

applied as a spray glaze (Zenostar Magic Glaze). This

is extremely easy to use. Simply shake the can and

spray on the glaze (see the instructions for use

applicable to Zenostar Magic Glaze).

X Carving liquidsThese carving liquids are used for mixing all dentine,

modifier and incisal materials. They give the best

modelling and workability whilst at the same

optimising the firing characteristics.

X Carving liquid standard

Used for mixing all materials. Its handling properties

are between those of Speed and Retain.

X Carving liquid Retain

Slow liquid, i.e. dries more slowly. Can also be used

for mixing shoulder materials.

X Carving liquid speed

Minimum shrinkage, fast drying.

X Carving liquid Red, Yellow and Blue

Used for color coding the individual materials and

to help distinguish between them during the build-up.

X stain liquid / X stain liquid special / Core stain liquid Please use only X Stain Liquid, X Stain Liquid Special

or Core Stain Liquid for mixing the glaze and stains.

This is the only way to ensure perfect brilliance and

homogeneous surfaces of the stains and the glaze.

The special composition of the X Stain Liquid Special

and Core Stain Liquids enables the X Stains RZ and

X Body Stains RZ to be mixed to a paste-like

consistency. This makes these materials easy to apply

and ensures that they remain in form and do not run

off the edge. The liquids vary in their consistency as

follows:

■ X Stain Liquid: low viscosity

■ X Stain Liquid Special: medium viscosity

■ Core Stain Liquid: high viscosity; especially suitable

for applying the Core Stain

Core liner liquid optimixFor mixing Zenoflex dimension Core Liner. In order to

guarantee the best handling properties, firing cha-

racteristics and bonding, only this liquid should be

used. Zenoflex dimension Core Liner Liquid Optimix

is not used for applying Core Stains.

X shoulder liquid sH spezial / X shoulder Correction liquid

X shoulder liquid sH special

This liquid is only for use in combination with Shoulder

High.

X shoulder Correction liquid

This liquid is only for use in combination with Shoulder

Correction.

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Preparing and veneering the framework

designing the framework and the ceramic veneer

Recommended preparation

Ideally, the preparation should have an anatomical shape. Please ensure that there is enough space for the

restoration. About 1.00 mm of material should be removed from around the tooth, whilst on the occlusal surface

at least 1.4 mm should be removed, and on the incisal surfaces approx. 2.0 mm. It is absolutely essential for all

transitions to be rounded off, since sharp edges can cause the restoration to fail. Either a shoulder preparation with

a rounded inner angle or a chamfer preparation can be used. The ideal preparation angle is 4°.

Conditioning the framework

■ It is recommended to gently sandblast the zirconium dioxide framework. This cleans the surface of the framework

and helps the veneering ceramic to cover better.

■ The zirconium dioxide framework should therefore be blasted with 110 µm aluminium oxide at approx. 1 - 1.5 bar.

Avoid prolonged selective blasting.

■ Carrying out additional heat treatment (cleaning bake) on the zirconium dioxide framework brings no significant

advantage.

■ The surface to be veneered must be free of dirt and grease. This can be achieved by cleaning the framework in a

steam jet and / or in an ultrasonic cleaner.

note!

■ The framework must fit on the tooth stump without stress.

■ Internal friction on the tooth stump is contraindicated.

■ It is absolutely essential for the zirconium dioxide framework to be anatomically shaped and in particular for it to support the

veneer in the area of the cusps. This must also be observed when designing restorations in the incisal area.

■ Any excessive absence of tooth substance must be compensated for by way of the framework design and not under any

circumstances be made up for by excessively thick layers of veneering ceramic.

■ The connectors must be designed to give adequate stability. Here it should be noted that for reasons of strength vertically

accentuated connectors are preferable.

■ Furthermore, it is important that the veneering ceramic is at least 1.0 mm thick but no thicker than 2.0 mm in the occlusal /

incisal areas and at least 1.0 mm thick with a maximum thickness of 1.5 mm at the basal surfaces.

■ In order to ensure adequate strength in the restoration, the minimum dimensions must be adhered to in all cases.

Anterior crown

■ It is absolutely essential for the zirconium dioxide framework to be

anatomically shaped and in particular for it to support the veneer in

the area of the cusps. This must also be observed when designing

restorations in the incisal area.

■ The thickness of the ceramic veneer must be at least 1.0 mm and a

maximum of 2.0 mm in the incisal area.

Key

= ZrO2 framework = Zenoflex dimension = dimensions in mm

16

important!

■ If the design criteria and minimum dimensions specified are not adhered to, this can result in the restoration failing as a result

of cracks or flaking or can cause the restoration to fracture.

important!



Posterior crowns

■ It is absolutely essential for the zirconium dioxide framework to be

anatomically shaped and in particular for it to support the veneer in

the area of the cusps.

■ The thickness of the ceramic veneer must be at least 1.0 mm and a

maximum of 2.0 mm in the occlusal area.

Bridge

■ It is absolutely essential for the zirconium dioxide framework to be anatomically shaped and in particular,

for it to support the veneer in the area of the cusps. This must also be observed when designing restora-

tions in the incisal area.

■ The thickness of the ceramic veneer must be at least 1.0 mm and a maximum of 2.0 mm in the incisal/

occlusal area.

■ The basal surfaces should ideally have a veneer between 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm thick.

Key


Key


17

important!



trimming the framework

■ Unlike when working with PFM techniques, it is important to avoid using rotary instruments on the entire

veneered surface of zirconium dioxide frameworks.

■ Only the margins should be trimmed and if necessary shortened to allow for a layered ceramic shoulder.

■ After trimming, the framework must have the minimum thicknesses specified.

■ When grinding zirconium dioxide, keep contact pressure to a minimum.

■ Always ensure adequate cooling (e.g. water drip or water-cooled turbine).

■ Use only suitable diamond grinders.

■ Under no circumstances, use cutting discs to separate the sintered bridge framework.

■ Always round off sharp edges and angles.

specifications for framework dimensions

Connector design

Specifications for framework dimensions Connector cross-section

(mm2) upper / lower

Wall thickness

(mm)

Single coping – 0.4

Anterior single coping with splint 5 / 4 0.6

Posterior single coping with splint 9 / 9 0.6

Telescopic crown – 0.5

Anterior bridge, 3-unit 5 / 4 0.6

Anterior bridge, 4-unit 7 / 6 0.6

Premolar/anterior bridge, 3-unit 7 / 9 0.6

Premolar/anterior bridge, 4-unit 9 / 12 0.6

Posterior bridge, 3-unit 9 / 12 0.6

Posterior bridge, 4-unit (2 premolars) 12 / 14 0.6

Posterior bridge, 4-unit (1 premolar, 1 molar) 14 / 16 0.6

Posterior bridge, 4-unit (2 molars) 16 / 18 0.6

< <<

18

trimming the veneer

When trimming the ceramic veneer with rotary instruments, it is important not to apply excessive pressure and to

always cool the work (e.g. with water drip). Selective overheating must be avoided at all times. Subjecting any

ceramic to excessive grinding always results in microcracks within the ceramic structure, causing the restoration to

fail through cracks, flaking or fracture.

Preparations for cementing

Gentle sandblasting of the zirconium dioxide framework is recommended. This cleans the surface of the framework

and guarantees a better bond to the cement. The interior of the zirconium dioxide crown should therefore be

blasted with 110 µm aluminium oxide abrasive at approx. 1 bar. Ensure that the inner surfaces of the crown are free

of dirt and grease.

important!

■ After using rotary instruments on the veneering ceramic, a glaze bake followed by relief cooling must always be carried out

(see firing charts).

■ This process reduces stress and corrects any damage (microcracks) that may have occurred in the veneer.

■ This also applies to any grinding of the occlusal and approximal contact points by the dentist.

19

Zenostar

monolithic restorations – a concept of the future

Non-veneered monolithic all-ceramic crowns and bridges are now a reality. They present an economical and biologically compatible

complement to – and replacement for – metallic restorations, especially those made from non-precious metals.

Of course, from an aesthetic point of view, some areas are more critical than others. In such matters, dental technicians have always

found and will always find the best solution – and the technological advances of the last few decades have borne this out. With the

cut-back process, which is based on “quasi monolithic structures”, even better aesthetics can achieved just as easily.

The basic requirement for making Zenostar restorations is the use of translucent zirconia and especially coordinated sintering program

(please refer to the sintering recommendations given in the instructions for the zirconia). A highly suitable material for this purpose is

Zenostar Zr Translucent.

1. Zenostar without cut-back process

Here there are two different processes to choose from in order to produce the required aesthetic effect:

a. Pre-stained Zenostar Zr translucent discs

When using pre-stained discs, charaterized with Zenostar Art Stains and Zenostar Art Incisal Stains the restoration

can be individualised in a single step with X Type stains. To do this, please likewise observe the recommendations in

these instructions and the "Instructions for use Zenostar". The occlusal surface must be polished to a high lustre.

After polishing, the Zenostar restorations are glazed with Zenostar Magic Glaze Flu Spray or Zenostar Magic Glaze

Spray. We recommend staining after the glaze bake, since this makes it easier to apply the stains.

b. Zenostar Zr translucent (pre-stained with Zenostar Color Zr)

When using unstained discs, the full-contour milled work must be stained with a brush using the technique

developed specially for Zenostar restorations. To do this, please follow the instructions for use supplied with

Zenostar Color Zr. In all cases, the occlusal surface of the restoration must be polished to a high-lustre finish in

order to avoid damage to the opposing teeth. In order to make it easier to shade the finished restoration, it is

recommended to carry out a stain bake after the Magic Glaze bake, since this makes the stains easier to apply

than if they are applied directly onto the highly polished framework.

Of course, Zenostar restorations can be individually stained with X Stain RZ. The section entitled “X Stain RZ

Module” in this user guide describes the procedure for mixing the stains.

2. Zenostar with cut-back process

With this technique, space is made for the Zenoflex dimension one Uni material by removing a 0.5 mm

layer from the buccal area of the crowns after the restoration has been contoured to its anatomical shape.

After sintering, apply a thin layer of Uni material, light or intense. Apply Zenostar Magic Glaze Flu Spray or

Zenostar Magic Glaze Spray evenly, bake and then stain individually to achieve the required aesthetic effect.

20

Zenoflex dimension one – the single-layer ceramic technique

What is the single-layer technique?

The single-layer technique is a fast and easy process for creating ceramic restorations. In

this process an anatomically shaped crown or bridge is layered using only one layering

material. Aesthetic finishing is created by means of special stain materials (X Body Stain

RZ and X Stain RZ).

The single-layer technique makes the build-up easier, faster and consequently more

cost-effective. Whereas until now, a minimum of two ceramic materials (dentine and

incisal and/or transparent material) were needed to make a ceramic restoration, this

technique now enables each of the 16 dental shades (A1 to D4) to be reproduced by

applying just one ceramic material, Uni light or Uni intense.

The zirconium dioxide framework forms the basis for creating the 16 tooth shades.

Depending on the tooth shade, either Core Liner or Core Stain is applied.

■ For non-stained (white and translucent) frameworks, we recommend the use of

Core Stain or Core Liner.

■ For frameworks stained with Zenotec Color, it is not necessary to use Core Stain

or Core Liner. However, their use is advisable in the case of post-borne restorations

and discolored stumps.

Then the complete anatomically formed superstructure of the restoration receives a

layer of Uni light or Uni intense (see shade chart for the single-layer technique on

page 23 and 24 ).

21

The Zenoflex dimension One ceramic materials

Zenoflex dimension one Uni

The two layering materials available are designed in terms of shade, chroma and translucence to enable a dentine/incisal build-up to

be imitated by staining the Zenoflex dimension material with body stains. Here we can distinguish between Uni light for light dental

shades and Uni intense for darker shades (see also the shade chart on page 23).

X Bodystains RZ

The body stains are used to create the basic shade of the restoration. They are simply applied to the finished restoration in the form of

a glaze bake after it has been veneered, fired and trimmed.

X stains RZ

These stains can be used to individually characterise the restoration or make color corrections.

X stain liquid, X stain liquid special and Core stain liquid

Only these liquids should be used for mixing the glaze and stains. This is the only way to ensure that the stains and glaze have the

best possible brilliance and most homogeneous surface. The special composition of X Stain Liquid Special enables stains, body

stains and the glaze to be mixed to a gel-like consistency which is easier to apply.

layering diagram

Core Stain / Core Liner

(if required)

dimension One Uni

Body Stains

note!

The instructions for designing and trimming the framework and for conditioning the zirconium dioxide frameworks are given

in the section entitled “Preparing and veneering the framework” on page 15.

22

1. Applying the Core stain / Core liner

In order to obtain an accurate reproduction of the desired dental shade when using non-stained frameworks,

the corresponding Core Stain or Core Liner material must be used to create the basic shade.

a. Core stain material

The Core Stain material is mixed with Core Stain Liquid to make up a (not too thin) paste and applied evenly to

the framework. If the layer of Core Stain applied to the zirconium dioxide framework is too thick, the shade of

the finished veneer will be too dark. There are four Core Stains in all.

b. Core liner

The Core Liner is applied to the framework in one or two thin and even coats. There are five Liners in

all, corresponding to the A-D shade guide. If the layers are too thick, there is the danger of cracks and possibly

bubbles forming in the Core Liner during firing (see also the instructions on page 26).

2. single-layer ceramic

a. First single-layer ceramic bake

The Zenoflex dimension One, Uni light and Uni intense single layer materials are mixed with X Carving Liquid

or X Carving Liquid Retain in the same way as a dentine. As shown in the layering diagram, this material is

used to build up a slightly oversized version of the complete final anatomic shape of the restoration. When

the build-up is complete, the ceramic is fired in accordance with the relevant firing recommendations.

b. second single-layer ceramic bake

After the first single-layer ceramic bake, the work is trimmed with (water drip) cooled diamond tools, then

cleaned (in a steam jet) as for a second dentine bake. Any missing ceramic can be corrected by adding a further

layer of Uni material.

3. Characterising the coloring

a. staining with X Body stains RZ and X stains RZ

When trimming is complete, the restoration is cleaned. The X Body Stains RZ and X Stains RZ are used depending

on the depth of shade required, i.e. repeated staining and firing makes the shade more pronounced.

However, avoid applying these materials too thickly, since this can result in an unnatural and uneven surface. After

characterising the shading with X Body Stains RZ and individualising it with the X Stain RZ materials, the work is

fired (glaze bake).

b. Glaze bake

If desired, the restoration can now be glazed with X Glaze RZ (powder) or Zenostar Magic Glaze (spray). This makes

the surface especially shiny and smooth.

note!

For zirconium dioxide frameworks stained with Zenotec Color, no Core Liner or Core Stain is normally needed, since the

zirconium dioxide is already pre-stained in the required shade. However, it is specifically recommended to use Core Stain

and Core Liner with post-borne restorations or noticeably discolored tooth stumps.

Step-by-step guide

23

important!

■ Only use the recommended liquids for making up the materials (applies to all materials).

■ The use of components other than those recommended for the product always entails the risk of the restoration failing as a

result of uncontrolled reactions, CTE incompatibility or unsuitable firing parameters.

Shade chart for the single-layer technique

For Zenostar Zr Translucent light, medium, intense

A-D Shade Guide Zenostar Zr Translucent Core Stain / Core Liner One-layer ceramic* X Bodystain RZ X Stain RZ

A1 light – 1 A

As required

for additional

characterization

on a case-by-

case basis

A2 light – 1 A

A3 medium – 2 A

A3,5 intense – 2 A

A4 intense A 2 A

B1 light – 1 B

B2 light – 1 B

B3 medium – 2 B

B4 intense – 2 B

C1 light – 1 C

C2 medium – 1 C

C3 medium C 2 C

C4 intense – 2 C

D2 medium – 1 D

D3 medium – 2 D

D4 intense – 2 D

* Single-layer ceramic: 1 = Zenoflex One Uni light; 2 = Zenoflex One Uni intense

For Zenostar Zr Translucent pure

A-D Shade Guide Core Stain Core Liner One-layer ceramic* X Bodystain RZ X Stain RZ

A1 – A1/B1 1 A

As required

for additional

characterization

on a case-by-

case basis

A2 – A 1 A

A3 A A 2 A

A3,5 A A 2 A

A4 A A 2 A

B1 – A1/B1 1 B

B2 – B 1 B

B3 B B 2 B

B4 B B 2 B

C1 – C 1 C

C2 – C 1 C

C3 C C 2 C

C4 C C 2 C

D2 – D 1 D

D3 D D 2 D

D4** D D 2 B and D**

* Single-layer ceramic: 1 = Zenoflex One Uni light; 2 = Zenoflex One Uni intense ** In order to obtain dental shade D4, both Zenostar Bodystains B and D are required.

24

Zenostar Zr Translucent frameworks shaded with Zenotec Color Zr (according to dental shade)

A-D Shade Guide Core Stain / Core Liner One-layer ceramic* X Bodystain RZ X Stain RZ

A1

It is not usually

necessary to apply a


(See note on page 22).

1 A

As required

for additional

characterization

on a case-by-

case basis

A2 1 A

A3 2 A

A3,5 2 A

A4 2 A

B1 1 B

B2 1 B

B3 2 B

B4 2 B

C1 1 C

C2 1 C

C3 2 C

C4 2 C

D2 1 D

D3 2 D

D4** 2 B and D**

* Single-layer ceramic: 1 = Zenoflex One Uni Light; 2 = Zenoflex One Uni Intense** In order to obtain dental shade D4, both Zenostar Bodystains B and D are required.

25

Zenoflex dimension – three-layer build-up

Shade chart for the three-layer build-up

Shades Core Stain* Core Liner* Dentine Incisal Opale Incisal

A1 A A1/B1 A1 1 1

A2 A A A2 2 2

A3 A A A3 3 3

A3.5 A A A3.5 3 3

A4 A A A4 4 4

B1 B A1/B1 B1 1 1

B2 B B B2 2 2

B3 B B B3 3 3

B4 B B B4 4 4

C1 C C C1 1 1

C2 C C C2 2 2

C3 C C C3 3 3

C4 C C C4 4 4

D2 D D D2 2 2

D3 D D D3 3 3

D4 D D D4 4 4

*For frameworks stained with Zenotec Color it is not usually necessary to use a Core Stain or Core Liner.

Core Liner / Core Stain

(if required)

Dentine

Incisal

note!

The instructions for designing and trimming the framework and for conditioning zirconium dioxide frameworks are given in the

section entitled “Preparing and veneering the framework” on page 15.

Zenostar Zr Translucent frameworks shaded with Zenotec Color Zr (according to dental shade)

A-D Shade Guide Core Stain / Core Liner One-layer ceramic* X Bodystain RZ X Stain RZ

A1

It is not usually

necessary to apply a


(See note on page 22).

1 A

As required

for additional

characterization

on a case-by-

case basis

A2 1 A

A3 2 A

A3,5 2 A

A4 2 A

B1 1 B

B2 1 B

B3 2 B

B4 2 B

C1 1 C

C2 1 C

C3 2 C

C4 2 C

D2 1 D

D3 2 D

D4** 2 B and D**

* Single-layer ceramic: 1 = Zenoflex One Uni Light; 2 = Zenoflex One Uni Intense** In order to obtain dental shade D4, both Zenostar Bodystains B and D are required.

26

1. Applying the Core liner / Core stain

Veneering non-stained zirconium dioxide frameworks (white, translucent)

In order to obtain an accurate reproduction of the desired dental shade when using non-stained frameworks, the

corresponding Core Stain or Core Liner material must be used to create the basic shade.

Applying the Core stain / Core liner

a. Core stain material

The Core Stain material is mixed with Core Stain Liquid to make up a (not too thin) paste and applied evenly to the

framework. If the layer of Core Stain applied to the zirconium dioxide framework is too thick, the shade of the

finished veneer will be too dark. There are four Core Stains in all.

b. Core liner

The Core Liner is applied to the framework in one or two thin and even coats. There are five Liners in all, correspon-

ding to the A-D shade guide. If the layers are too thick, there is the danger of cracks and possibly bubbles forming

in the Core Liner during firing.

When the Core Stain bake / Core Liner bake is complete, the restoration can be layered with dentine and incisal

materials (see below).

Standard build-up – step by step

important!

■ For reasons of handling, the Zenoflex dimension Core Liner can not be applied with distilled water. Using Zenoflex dimension

Core Liner Liquid Optimix prevents the Core Liner from running off the restoration during application.

note!

Please avoid excessive vibrating and do not allow any thick layers of liner to collect in the occlusal, approximal or margin

zones. Thick layers of liner can crack during firing. Drying the work too fast can also cause problems. If the recommended

times for pre-drying and drying are not adhered to, this can result in cracks or tiny cavities or can cause the liner to come away.

This happens when the liner liquid passes too quickly from a liquid to a gaseous state.

note!

For zirconium dioxide frameworks stained with Zenotec Color, no Core Liner or Core Stain is normally needed, since the

zirconium dioxide is already pre-stained in the required shade. However, it is specifically recommended to use Core Stain

and Core Liner with post-borne restorations or noticeably discolored tooth stumps.

Cor

e St

ain

A

Core

Lin

er A

1/B1

plai

n

plai

n

Cor

e St

ain

B

Cor

e Li

ner

A

Cor

e St

ain

C

Cor

e Li

ner

B

Cor

e St

ain

D

Cor

e Li

ner

C

Cor

e Li

ner

D

27

2. dentine layer

a. First dentine bake

Mix the dentine and incisal as usual with carving liquid. Then model the dentine core according the layering

diagram and finish by applying the incisal. The restoration should be made slightly oversized. Now fire the ceramic

as shown in the firing recommendations in the chart (in the appendix).

b. second dentine bake

After the first dentine bake has been trimmed with the aid of diamond tools, use a steam jet to clean the work and

proceed in a similar fashion for the second dentine bake. In this process, any missing ceramic is corrected by adding

a further layer of dentine and/or incisal.

3. stain and glaze bake

After the work has been physically trimmed and cleaned once more, the veneer can now be glazed with X Glaze RZ

and/or characterised with X Stains RZ. The glaze and stains are mixed with one of the corresponding liquids

(X Stain Liquid, X Stain Liquid Special or Core Stain Liquid) and applied to the work. The restoration can also be

glazed with Zenostar Magic Glaze (spray glaze).

When firing, follow the recommendations given in the firing chart.

4. Correction Zenoflex dimension Correction is clear and is fired in a vacuum at 780 °C for one minute. This ceramic material

is suitable for corrections such as the addition of contact points, cusp crests and lining the basal surface of

bridge elements.

note!

The correction material must always be used undiluted. It is not recommended to mix it with other materials from the set.

note!

Because of its microstructure, Zenoflex dimension has a very high degree of shine after the 1st and 2nd dentine bake.

important!

Under no circumstances should Zenoflex dimension ceramics be used together with any other ceramics of any type. Zenoflex

dimension has a unique ASM microstructure which is not compatible with any other ceramic.

important!

Please use only X Stains RZ and X Glazes RZ. Using any other components always entails the risk of uncontrolled stresses and

the consequent danger of the veneer failing (through cracks resulting from compressive/tensile stress). Please use only the

corresponding stain and glaze liquids to mix the stains and the glaze (see page 13). Apply with a conventional stain brush.

note!Excessive contact pressure (causing selective overheating) must be avoided at all times. Subjecting any ceramic to excessive

grinding always results in microcracks within the ceramic structure, and can under certain circumstances cause the veneer to fail

through cracks, flaking or fracture.

note on glaze bake!

The amount of glazing can be adjusted individually depending on the firing temperature and the holding time and can range

from a matt finish to a high lustre.

28

Zenoflex dimension – Professional build-up

As an alternative to the standard three-layer build-up, this technique gives an extended

professional build-up. For this purpose, the following materials are available:

■ Chromatix

■ Modifier

■ Opale Incisal

■ Opale Effect

■ Colored Translucencies

■ Incisal Modifier

■ Transpa Neutral / Transpa Clear

Flu Dentine

■ Stains

29

Chromatix and modifiers

The modifiers can be mixed freely with one another. The diagram illustrates the

preferred areas of application for these materials.

Chromatix

Area of application

■ Chromatix materials are dentine modifiers and are used to control and individualise the

chroma and opacity.

■ Increasing the opacity masks the zirconium dioxide framework more effectively whilst

at the same time increasing the chroma (depth of shade) – even with only thin layers

of ceramic.

■ Chromatix can be mixed with the regular dentine to control the chroma and opacity,

but if needs be, it can also be used on its own.

The firing temperatures and times can be found in the firing programs at the end of this

user guide.

modifier

■ The dentine modifiers are used to lend an individual nuance to the dentine core in a

variety of shade and chroma variations. Individual characterisation can also be carried

out with these materials.

ivory A1 A2 B1 B2

For increasing the brightness of all

shades and for the mamelons of

light-colored teeth

Flamingo A1 A2 A3 B1 B2Ideal for the mamelons of young

patients’ teeth

Creme A2 A3For increasing the chroma of the

A shades and for mamelons

Peach A3 A3.5 A4For increasing the chroma and in the

fossa zone

Caramel A3.5 A4 B3 B4 D3

Especially for use in the cervical and

approximal zones and in the fossa zones

of posteriors

Amber A3.5 A4For increasing the chroma and in the

fossa zone

Bamboo B2 B3For increasing the chroma and for

mamelons

Honey B3 B4For increasing the chroma and for

secondary dentine

Pearl D2 D3 Mamelons, secondary dentine

taiga C2 C3 C4 For increasing the chroma and for

secondary dentine

30

Opale Incisal, Opale Effects and Colored Translucencies

Transpa

Incisal

Dentine

Chromatix

Core Liner / Core Stain

(if required)

Shoulder

Area of application

■ These materials provide even greater scope for selective individualisation and

characterisation of the ceramic restorations.

■ Ten colored translucencies, four opal incisals and seven opal effects are available.

■ The various materials are used on their own or mixed with other ceramics as required.

opale incisal

Shade-specific opalescent incisals.

opale effect materials

Unlike the standard opal incisals which correspond to regular shades, the Opale Effect

materials feature individual transparency, color and opalescence. These materials are

therefore perfect for individualising, increasing and controlling the brightness in the

incisal area of the build-up. The following materials are available for this: Transpa Opal,

Milky, Snow, Oyster White, Light Coral, Pale Shell and Pink Pearl. Fascinating optical

phenomena such as the opalescence and translucency of natural tooth enamel on

the surface of the teeth epitomise the development of these effect materials. They

accentuate lightened areas of the tooth and the cusp crests as well as margin zones in

the posterior region.

transpa opaleHas the greatest degree of transparency and

opalescence

milky Opale Effect Milky and Snow can be used to adjust the

brightness of the incisal materials still further. snow

oyster White Bluish opalescence

light Coral Yellowish/reddish opalescence

Pale shell Yellowish opalescence

Pink Pearl Reddish opalescence

All Opale Effect materials are used individually for all V shades without reference to

any specific dental shade.

31

Colored translucencies / transpa materials

The warm shades of the Colored Translucencies provide contrasts in the cervical area creating a harmonious

transition to the gingiva and a slight increase in the depth of color whilst retaining the translucency

(Mandarin, Melon, Papaya, Orange, Topaz, Lemon, Ruby and Opal). The various bluish and greyish opalescent

materials (Amethyst Opal, Aquamarine Opal and Smokey Opal) are suitable for the incisal area and for framing

delicately layered mamelons. These materials can be used on their own and mixed with all Transpa materials.

The different Transpa materials are only applied in very thin layers and help to control the translucency and

brightness (Transpa Neutral; Transpa Clear).

mandarin Slightly yellowish

These materials are not specific to any particular dental

shade and can be used individually with all shades to achieve

the coloring effect required.

melon Orange

Papaya Khaki

orange Cloudy amber

topas Deep orange

lemon Yellowish

Rubin opal Reddish opal

Amethist opal Greyish violet

Aquamarin opal Deep blue

smokey opal Greyish

transpa neutral Transparent

transpa Clear Very transparent

Flu dentine

The Flu Dentines are fluorescent modifiers with an exceptionally high degree of fluorescence. They enhance the

luminosity of the veneer. This is achieved by absorbing short wavelengths of light in the non-visible spectrum and

emitting long wavelengths in the visible spectrum. Flu Dentines can therefore be used to control the luminosity.

Colour allocation

Flu Dentine Bright A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 D2Flu Dentine Flamingo A2 A3 D3Flu Dentine Straw A3,5 A4 B3 B4 C3 C4Flu Dentine Sunny B2 B3 B4 C2 D4Flu Dentine Crystal A1 B1

Compared with other dentines, Crystal Flu Dentine is the brightest and most fluorescent of all. This means that

the fluorescence and brightness can be selectively controlled by adding the corresponding Crystal Flu Dentine,

e.g. to the cervical area. Flu Dentine Crystal may also be used as a modifier for the Bleach Shades BL1 - BL4. All

Flu Dentines are used individually as modifiers. When firing, please follow the recommendations set out in the firing

chart for the 1st and 2nd dentine bakes.

32

note!

Chromatix, Modifiers, Opale Incisals, Opale Effects and Colored Translucencies and Flu Dentine can be used

together with X Carving Liquid, X Carving Liquid Retain and X Carving Liquid Speed. This guarantees

outstanding color, transparency and handling properties.

Firing temperature

When firing, please observe the recommendations for the first and second dentine bakes as well as the firing

temperatures and times given at the end of this user guide. The X Stain RZ materials are described in the next

section.

shade guide

A shade guide is included to assist with identifying the individual shades and transparencies. Like all Zenoflex

dimension shade guides, it is fitted with original color samples in ceramic. This offers the advantage of enabling

the individual materials to be identified with great accuracy even under vastly differing lighting conditions

(incidental and transmitted light).

In order to determine the individual shade required for a professional ceramic build-up, the samples can be used to

communicate the ideal shade, e.g. by means of digital photography.

shade system

The Zenoflex dimension modifiers are an important element of a creative shade harmony system for designing

individual dental restorations. They can be mixed with dentines to lend an individual shade nuance or increase the

chroma but can also be used for mamelons or as secondary dentines.

33

1

0

2

3

4

5

6

12

1318

23

29

34

36

3839

37

35

40

45

51

56

57

62

67

73 78

84

85

86

87

88

8990

79

80

81

82

83

74

75

76

77

6870

7172

6963

64

65

66

46

47

53

54

55

52

58

59

61

60

49

50

4842

43

44

41

30

32 33

31

24 25 26

27

28

19

20

21

22

14

15

16

17

7

8

9

10

11

X stain RZ module

indication

The stains can be used both for the Reflex and Reflex dimension PFM systems and the Zirox, Zenoflex dimension and Zenostar

zirconium dioxide veneering systems. The firing temperature of the stains and the body stains is the same as that for the glaze bake

of the specific ceramic being used.

the shade palette is a logical and easy-to-use stain mixing system

■ It enables the dental technician to reproduce all the 75 shades depicted on the palette in a simple and logical way, using the eight

colors shown on the angles of the octagon plus White and Grey.

■ In addition to the colors shown on the angles of the octagon, the eight shades most commonly used in dental technology are

a regular component of the Stain Module.

■ Using the measures included in the set (small and large measures) together with the mixing chart ensures that the various shades

are reproduced accurately.

■ Select the size of the measure according to the total volume required.

Procedure

■ Select the shade from the palette shown on the right.

■ Make a note of the number of each color swatch.

■ Look up the corresponding number in the chart that follows.

■ Then mix the components as described in the chart.

This should give the shade the required nuance.

example: Color no. 18

1 x small measure of Peach (No. 15)

1 x small measure of Orange (No. 26)

2 x small measures of White (No. 0)

Or …

1 x large measure of Peach (No. 15)

1 x large measure of Orange (No. 26)

2 x large measures of White (No. 0)

note!

Do not switch measures when mixing colors since the measures bear no relationship to one another. An accurate reproduction of

the required shade is guaranteed only if measuring is exact.

34

shade number mixture of:

0 white –

1 1 part blue + 3 parts white

2 1 part blue + 1 part white

3 3 parts blue + 1 part white

4 blue –

5 steel 3 parts blue + 1 part grey

6 1 part blue + 1 part grey

7 1 part blue + 1 part peach + 2 parts white

8 3 parts blue + 3 parts peach + 2 parts white

9 1 part blue + 1 part peach

10 3 parts blue + 3 parts peach + 2 parts grey

11 1 part blue + 1 part peach + 2 parts grey

12 1 part peach + 3 parts white

13 1 part peach + 1 part white

14 melon 3 parts peach + 1 part white

15 peach –

16 3 parts peach + 1 part grey

17 1 part peach + 1 part grey

18 1 part peach + 1 part orange + 2 parts white

19 3 parts peach + 3 parts orange + 2 parts white

20 1 part peach + 1 part orange

21 3 parts peach + 3 parts orange + 2 parts grey

22 1 part peach + 1 part orange + 2 parts grey

23 1 part orange + 3 parts white

24 1 part orange + 1 part white

25 3 parts orange + 1 part white

26 orange –

27 3 parts orange + 1 part grey

28 olive 1 part orange + 1 part grey

29 1 part orange + 1 part marone + 2 parts white

30 3 parts orange + 3 parts marone + 2 parts white

31 1 part orange + 1 part marone

32 3 parts orange + 3 parts marone + 2 parts grey

33 1 part orange + 1 part marone + 2 parts grey

34 1 part marone + 3 parts white

35 1 part marone + 1 part white

36 3 parts marone + 1 part white

37 marone –

38 3 parts marone + 1 part grey

39 1 part marone + 1 part grey

40 1 part marone + 1 part caramel + 2 parts white

41 3 parts marone + 3 parts caramel + 2 parts white

42 1 part marone + 1 part caramel

43 3 parts marone + 3 parts caramel + 2 parts grey

44 1 part marone + 1 part caramel + 2 parts grey

45 ivory 1 part caramel + 3 parts white

shade number mixture of:

46 1 part caramel + 1 part white

47 3 parts caramel + 1 part white

48 caramel –

49 3 parts caramel + 1 part grey

50 1 part caramel + 1 part grey

51 1 part caramel + 1 part ocker + 2 parts white

52 3 parts caramel + 3 parts ocker + 2 parts white

53 1 part caramel + 1 part ocker

54 3 parts caramel + 3 parts ocker + 2 parts grey

55 1 partcaramel + 1 part ocker + 2 parts grey

56 1 part ocker + 3 parts white

57 1 part ocker + 1 part white

58 3 parts ocker + 1 part white

59 ocker –

60 3 parts ocker + 1 part grey

61 1 part ocker + 1 part grey

62 1 part ocker + 1 part yellow + 2 parts white

63 3 parts ocker + 3 parts yellow + 2 parts white

64 1 part ocker + 1 part yellow

65 3 parts ocker + 3 parts yellow + 2 parts grey

66 1 part ocker + 1 part yellow + 2 parts grey

67 1 part yellow + 3 parts white

68 1 part yellow + 1 part white

69 3 parts yellow + 1 part white

70 yellow –

71 3 parts yellow + 1 part grey

72 1 part yellow + 1 part grey

73 1 part yellow + 1 part gum + 2 parts white

74 3 parts yellow + 3 parts gum + 2 parts white

75 1 part yellow + 1 part gum

76 3 parts yellow + 3 parts gum + 2 parts grey

77 1 part yellow + 1 part gum + 2 parts grey

78 1 part gum + 3 parts white

79 1 part gum + 1 part white

80 3 parts gum + 1 part white

81 gum –

82 3 parts gum + 1 part grey

83 1 part gum + 1 part grey

84 1 part gum + 1 part blue + 2 parts white

85 3 parts gum + 3 parts blue + 2 parts white

86 violett 1 part gum + 1 part blue

87 3 parts gum + 3 parts blue + 2 parts grey

88 1 part gum + 1 part blue + 2 parts grey

89 grey 1 part black + 1 part white

90 black –

35

Zenoflex dimension 3d – Additional shades for the 3d-master* system

Zenoflex dimension has been expanded to include the 26 shades of the 3D-Master* shade system. These shades

also make it a simple matter to reproduce the 3D-Master* shades when carrying out repairs. For this purpose,

special ceramic materials have been developed. These materials – in some cases mixed in a ratio of 1:1 with

Zenoflex dimension materials (Dentines A3.5, B3, B4, C3 and D3) enable the required shades to be reproduced

with ease as set out in the following chart.

V-3d-Farbe* Core linerdentine used /

dentine mixture 1:1incisal

1m1 E Dentine E1 Incisal 5

1m2 E Dentine E2 Incisal 5

2l1.5 F 1 part Dentine B3 : 1 part Dentine E1 Incisal 5

2l2.5 F 1 part Dentine B3 : 1 part Dentine F5 Incisal 5

2m1 F Dentine F3 Incisal 5



2R1.5 F 1 part Dentine F3 : 1 part Dentine F4 Incisal 5

2R2.5 F 1 part Dentine F5 : 1 part Dentine G4 Incisal 5

3l1.5 G 1 part Dentine B4 : 1 part Dentine G3 Incisal 5

3l2.5 G 1 part Dentine A3.5 : 1 part Dentine G5 Incisal 5

3m1 G Dentine G3 Incisal 5



3R1.5 G 1 part Dentine F3 : 1 part Dentine H6 Incisal 5

3R2.5 G 1 part Dentine G5 : 1 part Dentine H6 Incisal 5

4l1.5 H 1 part Dentine C3 : 1 part Dentine G4 Incisal 6

4l2.5 H 1 part Dentine D3 : 1 part Dentine I3 Incisal 6

4m1 H 1 part Dentine G3 : 1 part Dentine I1 Incisal 6

4m2 H Dentine H4 Incisal 6

4m3 H 1 part Dentine B4 : 1 part Dentine I3 Incisal 6

4R1.5 H Dentine H6 Incisal 6

4R2.5 H 1 part Dentine H6 : 1 part Dentine I3 Incisal 6

5m1 I Dentine I1 Incisal 6

5m2 I 1 part Dentine I1 : 1 part Dentine I3 Incisal 6

5m3 I Dentine I3 Incisal 6

For all further information, please refer to the instructions for the standard and professional build-ups in this user guide.

*VITA System 3D-Master is a registered trade mark of Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG, 79704 Bad Säckingen, Germany.

36

Zenoflex dimension Bleach

More and more patients would like to have perfect, bright white teeth. This can be achieved by bleaching the

natural dentition or by means of a very bright restoration (e.g. veneer). If we observe the results obtained by

whitening natural teeth, it is evident that the result is not pure white but that even the extreme white surfaces

betray the characteristic basic shade of the patient’s teeth. This can be explained by the basic principle of the

bleaching process. The substance takes effect from the outside and progresses to the inside, initially giving a

brighter enamel layer, but leaving the dentine largely unaffected, so that the original shade is still present.

Bleach shades can therefore be used to accurately reproduce the appearance of bright white teeth, regardless

of whether they have been bleached by the dentist or occur naturally. Since the result of bleaching can vary

tremendously in terms of whiteness, materials are available in a variety of different shades and nuances.

The Bleach Module has been added to Wieland’s range of veneering ceramics in order to include the bleach

ceramics of the A-D shade guide. This makes it possible to adapt a restoration to match bleached dentition or to

make a completely new restoration.

the four new bleach shades can be made up as set out in the following chart:

shade Core liner dentine incisal

BL1 BL1 Dentine BL1 Opale Effect Snow

BL2 BL2 Dentine BL2 Opale Effect Milky

BL3 BL3/4 Dentine BL3 Opale Incisal 1

BL4 BL3/4 Dentine BL4 Opale Incisal 1

37

Ceramic materials for Zenoflex dimension Bleach

Core liner

The three Core Liners can be combined with all four Dentines. In order to accurately reproduce the four bleach

shades described above, however, it is best to stick to the corresponding materials.

dentines

dentine Bl1 has the lightest chroma and tends towards white. It is used to reproduce bleach shade BL1

(see chart on page 36).

dentine Bl2 has a slightly darker chroma than Dentine BL1 and is used to reproduce bleach shade BL2

(see chart on page 36). It tends towards a reddish-brownish shade (A-shades).

dentine Bl3: of the four bleach shades, Dentine BL3 is somewhat less intensive in color than BL4.

dentine Bl4: of the four bleach shades, Dentine BL4 is the most intense in color

(see t he shade guide for the Bleach Module).

incisals

There are just three incisal materials.

opale effect snow and opale effect milky:

The two Opale Effect incisals vary in their transparency and opalescence. Milky is the more transparent incisal of the

two and has a more pronounced opal effect. Both these Opale Effect materials are for regular use as set out in the

bleach chart.

opale incisal 1:

Opale Incisal 1 is used for bleach shades BL3 and BL4 as well as a standard opal incisal for dental shades A1, B1

and C1.

transpa materials

Here, there are two materials with different degrees of transparency.

Transpa Clear, which is extremely (crystal clear) and Transpa Neutral, which is somewhat less transparent. Transpa

Neutral can be used to more finely adjust the color depth of the ceramic being used. It should be noted that mixing

with Transpa Neutral gives increased transparency and reduces the intensity (chroma) of the shade.

shoulder materials

One shoulder material is available, the whitish Shoulder Bleach High. If another shade is required for the shoulder,

the corresponding Zenoflex dimension shoulder materials can be used. Shoulder Bleach Correction is suitable for

making and correcting ceramic shoulders after the glaze bake.

For all further information, please refer to the sections on the standard and professional build-ups in this user guide.

38

Zenoflex dimension shoulder materials

the Zenoflex dimension shoulder materials feature the following properties:

■ Minimal shrinkage during firing

■ Very stable during firing

■ Excellent edge fit

■ Perfectly harmonious shades

■ Easy to control transparency, fluorescence and reflection

■ Shoulder materials can easily be mixed with one another

(see mixing chart.)

Areas of application

■ The shoulder High materials are processed at a firing

temperature of 980 °C and a holding time of one minute

before the first dentine bake or before any initial Core Stain

or Core Liner bake.

■ The shoulder Correction materials are processed at a firing

temperature of 780 °C and a holding time of one minute after

the glaze bake.

■ Shoulder Correction is suitable for correcting ceramic

shoulders after the glaze bake. Because of their low firing

temperature, they can also be used for other corrections, e.g.

making minor modifications to the contour or adding contact

points.

■ Shoulder Flu can be used to mask dark areas such as

discolored tooth structure or crown margins and to control

or modify brightness and transparency.

Preparing the stump

In order to make ceramic shoulders, the prepared tooth stump

must have a pronounced chamfer or at least a shoulder.

Framework design

In order to apply the ceramic shoulder, the zirconium dioxide

framework should be reduced slightly (approx. 0.5 – 1.0 mm)

in the area of the tooth margin. The edge resulting from the

removal of the tooth structure must be thin and smooth. Then

the framework is conditioned as usual.

Preparing the plaster die

Before the shoulder material is applied, the plaster die must be

carefully insulated with the Wieland IsoPen.

Carving liquid

For mixing Shoulder High, we recommend using X Shoulder

Liquid SH Special or X Carving Liquid Retain. For Shoulder

Correction, X Shoulder Correction Liquid or X Carving Liquid

should be used.

important!

Shoulder Liquid SH Special is not suitable for mixing

Shoulder Correction.

39

First shoulder High bake

Mix the shoulder material in the required shade and apply it to the cervical area of the crown. Carefully drying

the shoulder material with a hand drier after it has been applied makes for easier handling. Now the coping with

the new layer of shoulder material can be carefully removed from the die and fired.

second shoulder High bake

After firing, check the margins. Correct any changes caused by sintering. Insulate the plaster die once more. Mix the

shoulder materials as for the first layer and fill in any missing areas. Then complete the shoulder and dry it. Carefully

remove the framework from the die and place it on the firing tray.

After the correction bake, the work may need to be adjusted to the model. Depending on the initial state of the

framework, it can now receive layers of dentine and incisals and a Core Stain or Core Liner can be applied.

After glazing, any minor corrections can be made with Shoulder Correction.

Color table

shade chart shoulder mixtures

A1 SM 1 + SM Flu / 1:1

A2 SM 1

A3 SM 1

A3.5 SM 2 + SM 3 / 1:1

A4 SM 3 + SM 4 / 1:1

B1 SM 1 + SM Flu / 1:1

B2 SM 2 + SM Flu / 1:1

B3 SM 2

B4 SM 2 + SM 4 / 1:1

C1 SM 4 + SM Flu / 1:1

C2 SM 4 + SM Flu / 1:1

C3 SM 4

C4 SM 4

d2 SM 1 + SM 4 / 1:1

d3 SM 1 + SM 4 / 1:1

d4 SM 2 + SM 4 / 1:1

Guide for shoulder materials

note!

In order to prevent the work from baking onto the surface of the firing tray, please make sure that the ceramic shoulder does

not come into contact with the tray.

40

Zenoflex dimension Gingiva

Area of application

■ The variety of Gingiva dentine shades available (six differently shaded materials) enable the exact color of

the gingiva to be reproduced.

■ Especially in the case of implant-borne superstructures with a ceramic veneer, it is essential to correct the loss

of soft tissue in an anatomically correct manner. But in the case of extraction wounds, too, or after periodontal

interventions, defects in the soft tissue can arise after the wound has healed.

■ In such cases, both for aesthetic reasons and in the interests of periodontal hygiene, it falls to the dental technician

to compensate through the use of suitable ceramic materials.

■ The wide range of shades available and the excellent handling properties of the Gingiva Dentine materials enables

the color and anatomical form of the gingiva to be accurately reproduced, as demanded by the dentists and pa-

tients of today.

Applying the material and firing temperatures

■ Gingiva materials can be used on their own or mixed with other materials. This means that virtually any gum

color can be reproduced.

■ When applying the material and firing, please follow the instructions for dentines.

41

■ Solid firing trays absorb more heat during firing and therefore influence the effect of firing on the ceramic. In order

to obtain best results, it is therefore advisable to use honeycomb firing trays or if solid trays are used, to increase

the end temperature by approx. 10 °C.

■ The same applies to solid firing pins. We recommending the use of fan-type firing pins.

■ Never place the work in the centre of the tray and always align it towards the heater elements.

■ Do not place too many items on the firing tray, since firing several items at once necessitates a higher firing

temperature (see rule of thumb).

■ With large frameworks, solid pontics or several smaller units, the drying and closing times must be increased

accordingly.

■ With large frameworks, solid pontics or several smaller units, the firing temperatures for the first and second

dentine bakes should be increased as follows:

Rule of thumb = increase the end temperature by 2 °C for each additional bridge element (crown or

pontic).

Example: 1st dentine bake for a 6-unit bridge or 6 single crowns:

5 additional units ➞ 900 °C + (5 x 2 °C) ➞ end temperature = 910 °C

■ For the glaze bake, the firing temperature and the holding time can be set individually depending on the degree

of lustre required.

Honeycomb firing tray with correctly positioned work (seen from above).

Under no circumstances should the work be placed in the centre (red area).

Firing recommendations

note!

If Zenoflex dimension looks like a conventional veneering ceramic after the dentine bake, the firing temperature was 10 - 30 °C

too low.

42

Along with incorrect framework design, too low a setting on the furnace is the most common cause of failure.

It is therefore absolutely crucial to set the firing temperature of your furnace correctly. This is very easy to do by

means of a firing sample with the aid of the Zenoflex calibration set (fig. 1).

In order to adjust the firing temperature of each individual furnace used, the actual firing temperature of the furnace

must first be determined, since this can differ from the temperature shown in the display. It is not unusual to find a

deviation of 20 - 30 °C.

To do this, a firing sample of Zenoflex Transpa Clear is fired in the lab and compared with the reference sample

supplied. Transparency values and surface roughness should be the same for the firing sample and the reference

sample. If this is not the case, then the firing temperature must be adjusted until the required degree of firing is

attained.

The difference in temperature between the value indicated and the actual temperature corresponds to the value

X and must accordingly be added to the value given in the following firing programs (pages 44 ff). With larger

pieces of work, the drying and closing times should be increased accordingly.

Calculating the value of X

note!

Zenoflex dimension and Zirox produce the same surface area.

44

Firing programs for Zenoflex dimension

Standard

firing program

Pre-heat temp.

[°C]

Drying time

[min:sec]

Heat rise

[°C/min]

Firing temp.

[°C]

Holding time

[min:sec]

Vacuum

[hPa]

Relief cooling

[min]

1st shoulder bake 1 575 8 45 980 + X 1 50 –

2nd shoulder bake 2 575 8 45 960 + X 1 50 –

Core Stain bake

Core Liner bake575 8 45 930 + X 1 50 –

1st Dentine bake 575 9 45 900 + X 2 50 –

2nd Dentine bake 575 8 45 890 + X 1 50 –

Glaze 575 5 45 880 + X 1 - 2 – 6

Correction 575 5 45 780 + X 1 50 6

Austromat 3001 Firing programs for Austromat 3001

1st shoulder bake 1 C575 T120 T180 • L9 T180 V9 T045 • C 980 + X V0 T60 C0 L0 T2 C575

2nd shoulder bake 2 C575 T120 T180 • L9 T180 V9 T045 • C 960 + X V0 T60 C0 L0 T2 C575

Core Stain bake

Core Liner bakeC575 T120 T180 • L9 T180 V9 T045 • C 930 + X V0 T60 C0 L0 T2 C575

1st Dentine bake C575 T180 T180 • L9 T180 V9 T045 • C 900 + X V0 T120 C0 L0 T2 C575

2nd Dentine bake C575 T120 T180 • L9 T180 V9 T045 • C 890 + X V0 T60 C0 L0 T2 C575

Glaze C575 T60 T120 • L9 T120 T045 • C 880 + X T60 C0 T360 • L0 T2 C575

Correction C575 T60 T120 • L9 T120 V9 T045 • C 780 + X V0 T60 C0 T360 • L0 T2 C575

Austromat M START

[°C]

Drying

time

Vac. Level

[°C/min]

END

[°C]

[min:sec]1

2

1st shoulder bake 1 575 2 3 3 9 45 980 + X 1:00 0 0

2nd shoulder bake 2 575 2 3 3 9 45 960 + X 1:00 0 0

Core Stain bake

Core Liner bake575 2 3 3 9 45 930 + X 1:00 0 0

1st Dentine bake 575 3 3 3 9 45 900 + X 2:00 0 0

2nd Dentine bake 575 2 3 3 9 45 890 + X 1:00 0 0

Glaze 575 1 2 2 0 45 880 + X 1:00 0 6

Correction 575 1 2 2 9 45 780 + X 1:00 0 6

important!

■ Be sure to allow to relief cool for 6 minutes after the last bake.

■ The firing temperatures shown are for guidance purposes only.

■ Since furnaces differ in performance, actual values may vary.

45

Austromat D4 „Professional Mode“

1st shoulder bake

Dry 02:00 min:sec

Close 03:00 min:sec

Pre-heat 575 °C 03:00 min:sec

Temperature 1 980 + X °C 45 °C/min 01:00 min:sec

Temperature 2 °C °C/min min:sec


VAC (off/level/hold) 980 °C 100 % min:sec

2nd shoulder bake

Dry 02:00 min:sec

Close 03:00 min:sec






Core stain bake / Core liner bake

Dry 02:00 min:sec

Close 03:00 min:sec






1st dentine bake

Dry 02:00 min:sec

Close 03:00 min:sec






important!




46

Austromat D4 „Professional Mode“

2nd dentine bake

Dry 02:00 min:sec

Close 02:00 min:sec






Glaze

Dry 01:00 min:sec

Close 02:00 min:sec



Temperature 2 650 °C MAX °C/min min:sec

Temperature 3 400 °C 75 °C/min 01:00 min:sec

VAC (off/level/hold) °C % min:sec

Correction

Dry 01:00 min:sec

Close 02:00 min:sec



Temperature 2 650 °C MAX °C/min min:sec

Temperature 3 400 °C 75 °C/min 01:00 min:sec

VAC (off/level/hold) 780 + X °C 100 % min:sec

important!




47

notes for the dental practitioner

Contraindications of zirconium dioxide

■ Unsuitable preparation types (e.g. tangential preparations)

■ Cases where space is restricted

■ Patients suffering from parafunctional habits (e.g. bruxism)

■ Temporarily fixed restorations

■ Grinding of the zirconium dioxide framework (e.g. inside the crown) is contraindicated.

■ Extensive grinding of the ceramic veneer using rotary instruments without water cooling and involving the

exertion of considerable pressure

Recommended preparation

Angle of preparation

■ Shoulder or chamfer

■ Ideal angle of preparation = 4°

important!

■ If rotary instruments have been used to carry out finishing work on the ceramic veneer, this must always be followed by a

glaze bake and relief cooling.

■ It is recommended to try in the framework unfired or unglazed.

note!

■ Ideally, the preparation should have an anatomical shape.

■ Tangential preparations, feather edges or sharp inner edges are contraindicated.

■ Always avoid sharp angles and edges.

■ As with all preparations for all-ceramic restorations, the dimensions of the dental pulp must first be carefully assessed, in

particular in the case of younger patients.

■ In order to ensure adequate strength in the restoration, the minimum dimensions shown must be adhered to in all cases

(all dimensions in mm).

48

Anterior single crown

■ Incisal > 1.4 mm

■ Labial or oral in the upper third > 1.4 mm

■ Around the circumference of the margin area approx. 1.0 mm


■ Ideal preparation angle = 4°

■ In order to give the best contours to the incisal area during

CAD/CAM processing, the incisal edge of the prepared stump

should be at least 1.0 (affects the bur geometry).

Anterior abutment crown, splinted crown

■ Incisal > 1.6 mm





■ In order to give the best contours to the incisal area during

CAD/CAM processing, the incisal edge of the prepared stump should

be at least 1.0 (affects the bur geometry).

important!

If these preparation guidelines are not adhered to, this can result in the restoration failing as a result of cracks or flaking or

fracture.

49

important!

If these preparation guidelines are not adhered to, this can result in the restoration failing as a result of cracks or flaking or

fracture.

Posterior single crown

■ Occlusal > 1.4 mm





Posterior abutment crown, splinted crowns

■ Occlusal > 1.6 mm





50

Framework fit / try-in

■ It is recommended to try in the framework unfired or unglazed.

Preparing for cementation

■ Gentle sandblasting of the zirconium dioxide framework is recommended. This cleans the surface of the frame-

work and guarantees a better bond to the cement. The interior of the zirconium dioxide crown should therefore

be blasted with 110 µm aluminium oxide abrasive at approx. 1 bar.

■ Ensure that the inner surfaces of the crown are free of dirt and grease.

Fixation

■ Restorations in ZrO2 can be cemented in the usual way (with glass ionomer or zinc oxide phosphate cement) or

fixed with a composite (e.g. RelyX, Panavia F).

■ The use of compomers, acrylic modified glass ionomer cements and cements with a high coefficient of expansion

is not recommended.

■ A temporary fixing of zirconium dioxide restorations is contraindicated.

note!

■ The framework must fit on the tooth stump without stress.

■ Internal friction on the tooth stump is contraindicated.

note!

Please follow the instructions for use applicable to the cement or adhesive and observe the recommendations issued by the

manufacturer of the framework material.

51

troubleshooting

Fault Cause Remedy

The shade is too light and/or the ceramic

is opaque and porous.

The preheating temperature is too high. Reduce the preheating temperature.

The firing temperature is too low. Increase the firing temperature.

The vacuum pump cuts in too late.Reduce the preheating or vacuum start

temperature.

The vacuum level reached is too low.Ensure that the seals of the vacuum pump

and the furnace are intact.

The surface of the ceramic is not smooth

or is too rough and lacks lustre.The end temperature is too low. Increase the end temperature.

The edges and contours have become

round.The end temperature is too high. Reduce the end temperature.

Flaking off / cracking

Sharp angles and edges

in the framework.

Avoid sharp angles and edges in the

framework.

Incorrect framework design.Follow the recommendations for

designing the framework.

Veneering ceramic underfired. Increase end temperature.

Microcracks and/or cavities in the

framework.

Veneer only frameworks which are free

of defects. Check framework for defects.

Excessive thermal stresses in the work.

Never allow the work to cool rapidly.

Open the firing chamber slowly, at least

after the last bake (relief cooling).

Framework ground without cooling, with

excessive contact pressure or at too high

a speed.

Zirconium dioxide must never be ground

without cooling, with excessive contact

pressure or at too high a speed. Other-

wise, microcracks will form in the

framework.

Contact points and/or occlusal surface

subjected to excessive grinding by

dentist.

After extensive grinding of the veneering

ceramic, a final glaze bake followed by

relief cooling must be carried out.

Dentist adjusted the fit of the framework

by grinding the inner surface of the

crown prior to insertion.

Grinding of the zirconium dioxide

framework by the dentist is contra-

indicated.

Cracks caused by compressive stresses:

horizontal cracks in the incisal area or on

pontics.

CTE of the framework material is

too high.

Use only frameworks made from hard

sintered zirconium dioxide.

Cracks caused by tensile stresses,

non-directional craquelure effects over

the entire surface of the veneer.

CTE of the framework material is

too low.

Use only frameworks made from hard

sintered zirconium dioxide.

5301

01e.

01.0

2/13

LEADING DIGITAL ESTHETICS

Wieland Dental +Technik GmbH & Co. KG

Postfach / P.O. Box 10 20 40, 75120 Pforzheim, Germany

Fon +49 72 31 / 37 05 - 0 ■ [email protected]

www.wieland-dental.de

X Ceramic-Hotline +49 72 31/ 37 05-600

Wieland Denta l sets the s tandards in denta l technology and s tands for innovat ion

and qual i ty. As a medium-s ized enterpr i se wi th over 140 years ‘ exper ience we are

one of the wor ld‘s leading suppl iers in the f ie ld of dental technology. Future-ready

integrated technologies and materials are the hallmarks of our expertise and prowess.

Wieland Dental opens up the way to progress in dental technology. www.wieland-dental.de

unlimited dimensions! - wieland dental · dentine modifiers, two incisals, two opal incisals, three...

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