UNIX Introduction and history

UNIXIntroduction

Your trainer…

Title: Network Engineer Education: Master Degree in

Network Engineering, BSC degree in Computer Engineering

Experience :Mcse,Mcitp,MCIT UNIX/Linux trainer.

Contact:thephilosopher10@gmail.com Mob.01113555023

Mohammed Hassan

Introduction

Objectives

Understand Unix. Its philosophy, different Unix families.

Discover the free world. Different licenses.

Discover Linux. From its history to the application in company.

By completing this presentation , you will be able to:

Introduction

Topics

Unix. Its philosophy and its history.

From Unix to Linux.

Plan:

Introduction

Unix

History and philosophy

Introduction

Preview

Unix utility.

Unix history.

Different Unix.

Targets of Unix.

Unix philosophy

Here’s what we’ll see:

Unix

Unix utilityUnix

Work 24/24, 7/7. Being multi tasks. Being multi users. Make scientists calculation. Being perfectly reliable.

Unix have to:

Unix HistoryUnix

Creation of Apple

Creation by Ken Thompson and Denis Ritchie from Bell Labs

Creation of Linux by Linus Torvalds

Split between BSD and type V Unix

1969 1976 1978

1991

Here’s Unix history

Unix History

The different UnixUnix

Solaris Sun AIX IBM HP-UX HP MacOS X Apple

Proprietary Unix

Licensed

3 major branches :

FreeBDS

NetBSD

OpenBSD

Server/Security oriented

BSD - Berkeley Software Distribution

The different UnixUnix

Proprietary Unix

are created and

sold for specific

computers

(example

Solaris/SPARC)

The different UnixUnix

Targets of UnixUnix

Scientist University Army States organization

According to its design, Unix targets are:

Everything is a file

Hard Drive, CDROM drive, CPU …

Task segmentation

A program must be portable

Write code quickly and to share with the community

Correct bugs quickly

Philosophy of Unix system

Unix philosophyUnix

Advantages and disadvantages of proprietary Unix:

Advantages Disadvantages

Buy cost

Maintenance cost

Not User Friendly

Unix philosophyUnix

Stability

High load Resistance

Security

QuizUNIX

The BSD system is a different Unix system

MacOSX is not based on the Unix system

UNIX system is a multi-task system

UNIX system is a multi-user system

From Unix to GNU/Linux

History and philosophy

Introduction

Preview

Open source softwares.

Free softwares

GNU / Linux.

Applications.

Here’s what we’ll see:

From Unix to GNU/Linux

Open source softwareFrom Unix to GNU/Linux

Binary form Sources unavailable Not human understandable Original form (Source) Human understandable Access to the sources.

There are two types of software

Open source softwareFrom Unix to GNU/Linux

Concept of Open Source and Proprietary system

Open Sources Software – Offer the possibility for the user to access the source code of the application

Proprietary Software – Doesn’t offer the access to the source code

Free softwareFrom Unix to Linux

To be free a software must respect this 4 rules:

Free to execute

Free to read the code

Free to redistribute

Free to improve

GNU / LinuxFrom Unix to Linux

Free Software Foundation 1984 by Richard Stallman

A Free clone of Unix free free as in “free speech”, not as in “free beer”

GNU-GNU’s not UNIX GPL-General Public License A legal frame for the free software

Actual version : 3

FSF and GNU

GNU / LinuxFrom Unix to Linux

Created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds Minix clone Based on concepts and Unix philosophy Sources available for free on Internet. A community appeared on internet Linux is not an operating system

The birth of the Linux Kernel

GNU / LinuxFrom Unix to Linux

Very early Richard Stallman convinces Linus Torvalds to put the kernel v 0.12 under GPL license

GNU softwares are then adapted to work with Linux kernel

The Linux kernel and GNU softwares make a true operating system

GNU + Linux Kernel = GNU/Linux

DistributionsFrom Unix to Linux

A distribution contains often: A Kernel (sometimes modified). A software library. An installation program. A package manager.

What’s a distribution

ApplicationsFrom Unix to Linux

The most used distributions:

Application

Web server FTP server DHCP/DNS server Proxy/Cache server Firewall Embeded systems

GNU/Linux is used in company for:

From Unix to Linux

Advantage and disadvantages de Linux :

Advantages Disadvantages

No After Sale services

Lack of Knowledge

Not User-friendly

Stability

Reliability

Security

ApplicationsFrom Unix to Linux

QuizzFrom Unix to Linux

The FSF was created by Richard Stallman

GNU is Linux

Richard Stallman created the Linux kernel

There are many Linux distributions on the market

Stop and Think

Do you have any questions ?

From Unix to Linux