university of utah 1 andy van dam lecture thoughts?
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University
of Utah
11
Andy van Dam lecture
• thoughts?
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University
of Utah
22
A university spin-off
• Stanford University Networked workstation
- SUN Microsystems (1982)
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University
of Utah
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Bill Joy
• Graduate student at U.C. Berkeley• Co-founder of SUN
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University
of Utah
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Bill Joy
• Berkeley gets a UNIX tape (1974)• Bill Joy adds additional features to UNIX
- Creates “Berkeley Standard Distribution” (1978)
• BSD supports TCP/IP !
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University
of Utah
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Remember VAX?
• DEC’s VAX machines formed much of the early Internet
- Why? BSD Unix.• This is why Unix is associated with the
Internet.
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of Utah
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Unix Lamentation
• Created by AT&T- AT&T didn’t profit from it
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University
of Utah
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Unix Lamentation
• Popularized by DEC hardware- DEC didn’t profit from it
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University
of Utah
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Unix Lamentation
• Better than MS-DOS- But never dethroned it as a popular OS for
home computers
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University
of Utah
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Unix Lamentation
• “Unix” not “unified”- Vendor-specific fragmentation
AT&T: Original UNIX Berkeley: BSD SUN: SunOS, Solaris HP: HP-UX IBM: AIX SGI: IRIX Microsoft: Xenix Cray: UNICOS
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University
of Utah
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Unix Lamentation
• Just how fragmented is Unix?• Take a look!
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University
of Utah
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Times are a-changin’
• Prevailing wisdom:- Do as much as you can in hardware!- Remember the POLY instruction?
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University
of Utah
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Times are a-changin’
• Why?- Assumptions:
Slow (core) memory Easy for assembly language programmers Primitive compilers
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University
of Utah
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Times are a-changin’
• But...- Assumptions don’t stay true forever!
Fast (chip) memory Fewer assembly language programmers Better compilers
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University
of Utah
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What if...
• The instruction set were simple?• Each instruction did very little?
- ...but fast?• Pipelining!
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of Utah
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Pipelining
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University
of Utah
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RISC
• “Reduced Instruction Set Computer• David Patterson (1980)
- RISC project at U.C. Berkeley• John Hennessy (1981)
- MIPS project at Stanford University
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University
of Utah
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RISC
• SUN uses a RISC-based processor in its workstations (1987)
• RISC chips take over workstation market
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University
of Utah
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RISC
• SUN uses a RISC-based processor in its workstations (1987)
• RISC chips take over workstation market- ...But NOT the home PC market!- Why?
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of Utah
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Reminder
• Essay (final version) due tomorrow in class.
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University
of Utah
2020
Looking ahead...
• Only two homework assignments left!- a small one-page writing assignment
to be announced later- a final project
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University
of Utah
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“Test Question”
• On a scrap of paper, write a question that encapsulates one of the points from today's class, and turn it in.
• (Put your name on it!)