university and extra-university research in germany irasa conference, berlin, 21 august 2014...
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University and Extra-university Research in Germany
IRASA Conference, Berlin, 21 August 2014
Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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Research in Germany
Research Performance
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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Research Performing Institutions
The German Research Landscape
1. The Universities
2. Four independent national organisations of extra-university research
- Max Planck Society, MPG – 78 institutes
- Leibniz Association, WGL – 89 institutes
- Helmholtz Association, HGF – 18 research centres
- Fraunhofer Association, FhG – 67 institutes
3. Research institutes dependent from federal government departments
(„Ressortforschung“) - 60 institutes
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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German Research LandscapeDifferent Players: public – private sector
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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The German Rectors‘ Conference
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
German Rectors‘ Conference (HRK): The voluntary association of state and state-recognized universities and other institutions of higher education in Germany.
The HRK’s member institutionsaccount for 94 per cent of students in Germany.
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The German Higher Education System
110 Universities and Technical Universities
226 Universities of Applied Sciences, „Fachhochschulen“
58 Colleges of Art and Music
Altogether 394 institutions of higher education (predominantly
state institutions; 116 private universities, but only 5.3 % of all
enrolled students study at private universities, usually with limited
range of subjects)
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
Types of Higher Education Institutions
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Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
The Max Planck Society
Max Planck, 1858 -1947
Founder of the Quantum Theory,
Nobel Prize 1918
The Max-Planck-Gesellschaft for the advancement of sciences was founded in 1948
It is the successor organization to the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft which was founded in 1911
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Mission and Guiding Principles of the Max Planck Society
• Basic Research at cutting-edge, curiosity-driven and quality oriented
• Autonomy, where scientists decide upon science
• „Harnack Principle“: People not programs
• Flexible, dynamic, interdisciplinary MPIs
• Long-term trust systems with significant core funding for high-risk
projects
• Quality assurance by peers
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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MPG - Facts & Figures
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
1.599,4 Mio. EUR21.640 The Max Planck Society has a total workforce of
21.640 employees, including5.500 scientists
and 4.642 guest scientists and grantholders.
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Sites of Max Planck Research Institutes and Associated Institutes
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTES ABROAD
USA, FLORIDAMax Planck Florida, Jupiter
THE NETHERLANDSMax Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen
LUXEMBOURGMax Planck Institute Luxembourg for International, European and Regulatory Procedural Law, Luxembourg
ITALYBibliotheca Hertziana, RomeArt History Institute, Florence
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The Leibniz Association
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
(1646 – 1716)
Universal scholar in Law, Mathematics, Philosophy, Theology, History, Philology, Natural and Engineering Sciences
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The Leibniz Association
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
98430
349120
Budget in Mio. €
Institutional FundingLeibniz-CompetitionThird Party FundingOther
• Founded in 1995
• 89 Member Institutes
• Scientific excellence and impact
• Regular evaluations (every 7 years)
• Total budget 1.53 billion € (in 2013)
The Leibniz Association at a Glance
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The Leibniz Association
►Section A (17) Humanities and Educational Research
►Section B (17) Economics, Social and Spatial Sciences
►Section C (24) Life Sciences
►Section D (22) Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Engineering
►Section E (9) Environmental Research Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
Locations and Research Areas
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The Helmholtz Association
Commitment to interdisciplinary
research
A sense for the practical:
Contribution to wealth creation
Founding President of the Physikalisch-
Technische Reichsanstalt: Effective
management of large-scale research
Hermann von Helmholtz (1821 – 1894):
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The Helmholtz Association
►HELMHOLTZ MISSION
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
Strategic research for grand challenges with cutting-edge research
Think big, act big: Developing and operating complex infrastructure and large-scale facilities for the national and international scientific community
Creating wealth for society and industry through transfer of knowledge and technology
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The Helmholtz AssociationFACTS AND FIGURES
37,148 Staff (status as of 2013)
● 14,754 scientists● 6,789 PhD students● 1,657 vocational trainees
Budget 2014: €3.75 billion
● €2.58 bn (budget approach*): Institutional funding (90% federal, 10% state)
● €1.04 bn: third-party funding* (based on actual costs 2012)
● €0.13 bn: special finance
*including contracts of project management agencies and other revenues, excluding project sponsorships totalling about €138 M
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Helmholtz Centres
Helmholtz Centre
Branch of a Helmholtz Centre
Helmholtz Head Office
Helmholtz Institute
Ulm
Dresden
Ulm
Freiberg
Kiel
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The Fraunhofer Society
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
Joseph Fraunhofer
6 March 1787 – 7 June 1826 German optician
known for the discovery of the dark absorption lines
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Fraunhofer Society, Mission and Research Areas
The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft promotes and conducts applied research in an international context, to benefit private and public enterprise and is an asset to society as a whole.
Fraunhofer Institutes help to reinforce the competitive strength of the economy in their region, throughout Germany and in Europe.
As an employer, the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft offers a platform that enables its staff to develop both professional and personal skills
Information and Communication Technology Life Sciences Microelectronics Light & Surfaces Production Materials and Components Defense and Security
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The Fraunhofer Society Locations in Germany
67 institutes and research units
more than 23,000 staff €2 billion annual
research budget
main location
other location
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Research in Germany
Research Funding
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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The Research Council Principle (national funding agency)
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
(National) Research Council – an expression of scientific culture Principle:
1. Government gives money for research
2. Independent expert organization responsible for distributing the money
Quality competition
1. range of funding instruments
2. autonomous procedures
- peer review- decision-making
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DFG: Who We Are and What We Do
►central public funding organization for academic research in Germany
►member organization (universities, learned societies)
►serving science and the arts in all fields
►promoting academic excellence on a competitive basis in order to deal with complexity
►independent multi-tiered peer review
►special focus on supporting young academics
►promoting international research co-operation
►advisory function for the political sphere and the wider public
►fostering links between science and industry
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DFG = Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
The historical name “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft” means
“German Research Community” which stands for an organisation
of scientific self-administration.
Functionally it is the national research funding agency in Germany.
DFG is an independent organization = association of private law
This means: DFG is a membership organization
with 96 members:
● 69 universities
● 16 extra-university research institutions
● 8 academies of sciences and humanities
● 3 scientific associations
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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DFG and its funding authorities
DFG funding is 99,9% public = taxpayers’ money.
The funding authorities are:
► The federal government in Berlin (67.1%)
► The 16 regional states (32.7%)
Less than 0,1% of the funds come from the private
“Donors’ Association for German Science”
DFG’s budget for 2014 amounts to € 2.847 billion.
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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Where do DFG funds go?
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
► Project funding by DFG goes:
to universities = 90%
to extra-university institutions = 10%
compared to:
► Programme money / project funding by the Federal Government
(~ 2,5 b€ ) which goes:
to universities = 35%
to extra-university institutions = 32%
to industry = 33%
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DFG: Distribution of funds according to science areas
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften
318,3 Mio. €(15,3%)
Lebenswissenschaften
808,1 Mio.€(38,9%)
Naturwissenschaften498,8 Mio. €
(24,0%)
Ingenieur-wissenschaften
451,9 Mio. €(21,8%)
Engineering Sciences Humanities and Social Sciences
Natural Sciences Life Sciences
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Two other important sources of research funding
1. BMBF – Federal for Education and Research
• Key technologies (biotechnology, nanotechnology, microsystems, materials,
production technology etc.)
• Societal needs (climate, energy, health, food, mobility, security, communication
etc.)
about 2,5 bn €
2. EUROPE - Framework Programme „Horizon 2020“
• Programme „Ideas“ – The European Research Council (ERC)
about 2 bn €
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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Research in Germany
Research Cooperation
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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DFG: Levels of International Cooperation
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
1. International memberships of DFG
2. Bilateral Agreements on Scientific Cooperation
3. Six Liaison Offices in America, Asia and Russia
4. Participation in international programmes and conferences
• Funding of joint programmes and projects
• Support for research projects with partners abroad
• Support for international meetings and workshops
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DFG support for bilateral research cooperation
1. Invitation to a researcher in Germany to visit a research
institution in a partner country
DFG form 1.813_en = „trips abroad“
2. Invitation to a foreign researcher to visit a research institution
in Germany
DFG form 1.813_en = „guest visits“
3. Joint project = standard individual grant
DFG form 50_01_en with supplementary instructions for projects involving cooperation with
developing countries
DFG form 54.013_en
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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► Research Training Groups (“Graduiertenkollegs”):
International students are welcome to apply for fellowships
● ca. 30% international PhD students
● Support for international exchange of senior and junior scientists
► Programme variant: International Research Training Groups
● Joint international (bilateral) research training at centers of excellence
● Jointly proposed by a research group at a German university and a partner group at
a university abroad
● Joint research and study programme
● Joint supervision
● Research stays of ~ 6 months at partner group abroad
Research Training GroupsThe International Dimension
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
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International Research Training Groups
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn
Bild durch Klicken hinzufügenAustria ; 1 Austria/Italy; 1Brazil; 1
Canada ; 2
Canada/USA; 1
China; 5
Czechia; 1
Denmark; 1
Estonia/Sweden; 1
France; 4
Great Britain; 1
India; 2Japan; 4Mexico; 1New Zealand; 1
Netherlands; 4
Netherlands/Norway; 1
Norway; 1
Russian Federation; 2
Sweden; 2
Switzerland; 1
Spain; 1
South Korea; 2
USA; 6
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Thank you for your attention!
Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn