Contents Page Reading comprehension #1 Disadvantages of e-commerce

True & False#2 Cyber culture: society, culture and the Internet

Answering questions #3 Nanocomputer

A. True & False B. Questions about the textC. Passive structures

#4 ePublishing Completing spaces

#5. Telemarketing a. Passive voice b. Parts of speech c. Questions about the text

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Complete A. Vocabulary B. Simple past verbs C. AcronymsD. Wh-questions E. Modals F. Completing sentences with vocabulary G. Phrasal verbs H. Present Perfect I. IT JobsJ. Parts of speech K. Expressions since, ago, until, forL. Modals M. Gerunds N. Internet expressionsO. Terminology (definitions)P. Present perfect simple or simple past Q. Prepositions and phrasal verbs R. Fill in the blanks for, since, until, ago

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Production I. Terms definition II. Descriptive sentences

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* Check the correct answers at the bottom of every page.

#1. Read the following text and answer the questions below.

Disadvantages of e-CommerceShipping Takes TimeIf you sell physical goods, shipping it halfway round the world might take several days, weeks or even more. It means you cannot send certain products as fresh food or dairy products. Who on earth would love to have stale bread delivered to his door?

Shipping Costs MoreThe basic shipping cost rule is simple: the more the weight, the more the cost. If you sell a couch to someone on another continent, the shipping cost would be ridiculous.

Doubts and FearsMany people don’t understand the awesomeness of shopping online. They are too afraid to buy something on the web because they doubt if the store is reliable, curious if the product is as good as it looks like on the site, afraid that you would steal their money.

Inability to Feel the PhysicalOnline store doesn’t provide the opportunity to actually touch, wear or sit on the product. Therefore selling such products as apparel and furniture online might be tricky.

Harmful Malicious CodesThe server backing up your online store might be infected by malicious codes. If that’s the case, your online store might be the “hell gate” that sends those little devils to your customers’ computers.

Shopping is Social ExperiencePeople love to shop in the mall because it gives them an opportunity to have fun with friends and family. It’s something online stores lack of.

Taken and adapted from: http://tokokoo.com/2010/07/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-e-commerce/

Read the following statements and decide if they are true or false. Write T or F on the space provided.

1._____ It takes a short time to ship a good to any part of the world.

2._____ The shipping cost varies depending on the weight of the good.

3._____ Most of the people think online shopping is safe.

4._____ Online shopping is a wonderful opportunity to socialize.

5._____ Online stores don’t offer the client the opportunity to feel the comfort of a sofa, for example.

#2. Read the following text and answer the questions about it.

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Answers 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T

CYBERCULTURE: SOCIETY, CULTURE, AND THE INTERNET

Few technologies in human history rival the Internet in its speed of adoption and range of

impact. The Internet's spread has been compared to the advent of the printing press,

which, like the Internet, greatly enhanced the availability of information and the rate of its

reproduction. Many have commented on the Internet's ability to transform business and

the broader economy, but perhaps an equally profound change is being felt throughout

society and culture, where the Internet and the World Wide Web are transforming how

people live and interact. The Internet's influence generates a range of reactions from

different people, ranging from idealism to cynicism, but however it is received, there's no

denying that it has led to dramatic shifts in such areas as interpersonal interaction, work

culture, relations to time, expectations of speed and convenience, networking between

individuals and groups, and even use of language.

The word "cyberculture" is used in a variety of ways, often referring to certain cultural

products and practices born of computer and Internet technologies, but also to specific

subcultures that champion computer-related hobbies, art, and language. In the 1970s,

cyberculture was the exclusive domain of a handful of technology experts, including

mathematicians, computer scientists, digital enthusiasts, and academics, devoted to

exchanging and promoting ideas related to the growing fields of computers and

electronics. These early cybercultures sometimes advanced a view of the future guided by

the progressive and beneficial hand of technological change. But following the

commercialization of the Internet and the World Wide Web in the mid-1990s, cyberculture

took on a new life, and computer and information technologies took the dynamics of

culture and social relations in dramatically new directions.

Taken and adapted from: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3405300114.html

1. What do the internet and the printing press have in common?

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____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________.

2. What are four general areas impacted by Internet?

a._______________________________

b._______________________________

c._______________________________

d._______________________________

3. List 4 different professionals that were closely related with the concept of cyberculture in the1970s.

a.______________________________

b.______________________________

c.______________________________

d.______________________________

4. Is the idea of cyberculture related to social relations nowadays?

_____________________________________________________________.

#3. Read the following text and answer the questions below.

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Answers 1. They enhanced the availability of information and the rate of reproduction.2. a. society b. culture c. economy d. business3. a. academics b. computer scientists’ c. digital enthusiastic d. mathematicians4. Yes, it is.

N anocomputer The world’s first programmable nanoprocessor has been developed and demonstrated by an interdisciplinary collaboration between teams of scientists and engineers working at The MITRE Corporation and Harvard University during the last months.Ultra-tiny nanocircuits can be programmedThe groundbreaking prototype computer system has been described in a paper published in the journal Nature. The system represents a significant step forward in the complexity of computer circuits that can be built from nanometer-scale (i.e., molecular scale) components. It also represents an advance because the ultra-tiny nanocircuits can be programmed electronically to perform a number of different basic arithmetic and logical functions.Very little electric power useThe nanoprocessor operates using very little power because their component nanometer-scale wires contain transistor switches that are “nonvolatile.” Unlike transistors in conventional microcomputer circuits, once the nanowire transistors are programmed they remember without any additional expenditure of electrical power. “Because of their very small size and very low power requirements, these new nanoprocessor circuits are building blocks that can control and enable an entirely new class of much smaller, lighter weight electronic sensors and consumer electronics,” according to Shamik Das, lead engineer in MITRE’s Nanosystems Group and chief architect of the nanoprocessor. Dr. Ellenbogen who has worked for nearly two decades toward the development of computers integrated on the nanometer scale, added that: “this new nanoprocessor represents a major milestone toward realizing the vision of a nanocomputer that was first articulated more than fifty years ago by physicist Richard Feynman.”

Taken and adapted from: http://www.nanocomputer.com/?page_id=62

A) True or False. Identify if the sentence is True (T) or False (F) according to the text. Write the corresponding letter in the space provided.

1. Only Harvard University has developed the first nanoprocessor. ______

2. Nanocircuits are not programmed electronically. ______

3. The new nanoprocessor circuits are building blocks. ______4

4. Richard Feynman worked on nanocomputers two decades ago. ______

B) Answer the following questions about the text.

1. What are nanometer-scale components used for? ___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________.

2. Mention two kinds of functions the ultra-tiny nanocircuits can perform.

a)_________________________________________________________

b)_________________________________________________________

3. Why does the nanoprocessor use less power that the transistors in conventional microcomputer circuits? ___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________.

4. List the two main characteristics of the nanoprocessor circuits.

a)____________________________________________________________

b)____________________________________________________________

C) Write five different examples of passive structures from the text. a) ___________________________________________________________b) __________________________________________________________c) __________________________________________________________d) __________________________________________________________e) __________________________________________________________

#4. Read the following passage, and complete the spaces using the words from the box. One word is extra.

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Answers A) 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. FB) 1. They are used to build computer circuits.2. arithmetic and logical3. Because their component nanometer-scale wires contain transistor switches that are nonvolatile. 4. a) very small size- b) very low power requirementsC) 1. has been developed and demonstrated, 2. has been described, 3. can be built, 4. can be programmed, 5. are programmed

Advantages of ePublishing

What is ePublishing?

ePublishing – or Electronic Publishing – is a more recent way in which books, short

stories, collections and works of non-fiction can be distributed via the Internet and

computers in general. The basic premise of ePublishing is that the work in question can

be sent 1) _________________ via email or electronic 2) _________________or distributed on

a 3) _________________in the same way you would distribute music.

The main advantages of ePublishing are:

Fewer overheads such as printing and distribution costs

More 4) _________________can be 5) _________________ than on paper

ePublished material can be sent across the globe in a few seconds

Publishers can publish manuscripts much faster than they would if they were printed

Taken and adapted from: http://www.scribblepad.co.uk/advantages-epublishing.html

#5. Read the following paragraph carefully. Then answer the next set of questions.

Telemarketing

Where else can you change your marketing program on the fly?

Telemarketing is the only medium that offers this flexibility.

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download---information---electronically--- stored---compact disc---publishing

Answers 1. electronically 2. download 3. compact disc 4. information 5. stored

Telemarketing provides you with immediate feedback & valuable information that can be

quickly analyzed.

Telemarketing consistently outperforms all other forms of marketing and is the most

powerful, cost-effective marketing vehicle available today. Telemarketing is a powerful,

multi-billion dollar marketing vehicle. It should be part of your marketing plan.

Telemarketing is the only form of advertising that requires an immediate response.

Newspaper and magazine ads, radio promotions, billboards or direct mail demand little

or no immediate attention. They can all be ignored. Not telemarketing. When the phone

rings, the natural response is to answer it. Rarely you just ignore it.

Telemarketing provides you with a captive audience the minute the phone is answered.

With telemarketing, you can instantly establish a conversation. It is much easier to get

your message across when you engage in a dialogue and questions can be answered.

Two-way communication using telemarketing is very powerful, and very productive.

Taken and adapted from: http://5star-telemarketing.com/

a. Identify the four passive voice sentences you have in the text. Write them on the spaces provided.

1. ________________________________________________________.

2. _________________________________________________________.

3. _________________________________________________________.

4. _________________________________________________________.b. The following words are taken from the reading .Classify them as either adjective or adverb. Write (adj) for adjective or (adv) for adverb on the spaces provided.

1 quickly _____________ 2. valuable _____________

3. consistently _____________

4. powerful _____________7

5. instantly _____________

6. natural _____________

c. Answer the following questions about the reading.

1. What is the main difference between telemarketing and the other forms of advertisement?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

2. Name 3 different forms of advertisement mentioned in the reading.

a. _______________________

b._______________________

c._______________________

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Answers a. 1. That can be quickly analyzed, 2. They can all be ignored, 3. The phone is answered, 4. Questions can be answeredb. 1. Adv 2. Adj 3. adv 4. Adj 5. Adv 6. adjc. 1.Telemarketing is the only form of advertising that requires an immediate response.2. Three of these: newspaper ads, magazine ads, radio promotions, billboards, direct mail.

A. Complete the sentences with the corresponding word from the box. Do not repeat them. There is an extra option.

Hotspot Podcast Bit TorrentRSS feed Avatar Hub Phishing Freeware Broadband Firewall IP spoofing

1. Online identity theft is sometimes known as__________________.

2. Any location where Wi-Fi accesses is called __________________.

3. Audio and video broadcasts that can be played on an Ipod are __________________.

4. The name of a hardware device that is used to network multiple computers together is _______________.

5. An online character that represents a person is a_______________.

6. _________________ is software you can download, pass around, and distribute without any initial payment. However, the great part about it is that you never have to pay for it. 7. ___________________ is a software and/or hardware device that limits the data that can pass through the computer and protects a networked server or client machine from damage by unauthorized users.

8. A high-speed data transmission in which a single cable can carry a large amount of data at once is known as _______________.

9. It is a peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing protocol designed to reduce the bandwidth required to transfer files _______________.

10. When someone makes one computer look like another in order to gain unauthorized access is called_______________.

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Answers1. Phishing 2. Hotspot 3. Podcasts 4. hub 5. Avatar 6. Freeware 7. Firewall 8. Broadband 9. Bit Torrent 10. IP spoofing

B. Fill in the blanks with the simple past tense of the verbs below. Verbs can not be repeated.

1. Somebody ____________ my computer with different viruses when I was on vacation.

2. My boss _____________ angry because someone in the company ______________ important information and _______________ a terrible virus that ____________ the function of the whole system.

C. Write what the following acronyms stand for.

1. FTP ____________________________ 2. ADSL _____________________________

3. URL ____________________________ 4. IM ________________________________

5. BBS____________________________

D. Complete the questions using the wh-words and the information given.

1. I get online easily.

How _________________________________________?

2. My internet connection is very fast.

How fast ______________________________________?

3. He began hacking into banking networks in 1994.

When ________________________________________?

4. To videoconference you need a webcam.

What _________________________________________?5. The students posted their opinions because they were upset.

Why__________________________________________?

E. Complete the sentences with can -could -may-should. Modals can be repeated.

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Steal- be- affect- infect- spread

Answers B. 1. infected 2. was -stole -spread 3. affectedC. 1.file transfer protocol2. Asymmetric Digital Suscriber Line3. Uniform Resource Locator4. Instant Messaging5. Bulletin Board Systems or Be Back SoonD. 1. How do you get online?2. How fast is your internet connection?3. Who sends many e-mails every day?4. What do you need to videoconference?5. Why did the students post their opinions?

1. Radio tags __________ be attached to animals.2. The designers__________ insert pictures with a clear purpose.3. You__________ download a good editor from Internet.4. Some Office suites __________ include a document recovery tool. 5. Jack ___________ not have the solution for this specific problem.

F. Use one of the words below to complete the sentences. Do not repeat them and leave one out.

1. The elemental language of computers, consisting of a stream of 0's and 1's is called ________________.2. The network linked by Ethernet cables and phone lines is called ______________.3. An arrangement in a local area network is called ___________________4. The machine code and assembly languages are called _________________.5. The element produced by a compiler from the source code, usually in the form of machine language that a computer can execute directly, or sometimes in assembly language is called ________________.6. A post-desktop model of human-computer interaction in which information processing has been thoroughly integrated into everyday objects and activities is called _________.7. Advanced computer programming that aren’t limited by the computer or for one specific job and are more easily understood are called _______________.8. The computer program that transforms human readable source code of another computer program into the machine readable code that a CPU can execute is called a _______________.9. The program that takes basic computer instructions and converts them into a pattern of bits that the computer's processor can use to perform its basic operations is called ________________.10. A communications network that connects terminals and computers in a continuous loop is called_______________.

G. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs from the table. Phrasal verbs cannot be repeated.

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*assembler *object code *wired network *Ubiquitous computing*low level languages *High level language *Ring network *bus network *compiler *Ubiquitous devices *machine code

AnswersE. 1. Can 2. Should 3. Can 4. May 5. Might F. 1. machine code 2. wired network 3. bus network 4. low-level languages 5.object code 6. ubiquitous computing 7. high-level language 8. compiler 9.assembler 10. ring network

plug in set up log on log in type in

1. You need to _______________ your username and password.

2. It is easy to learn how to _____________ to the Internet Service Provider.

3. I asked my friend help me ______________my e-mail account.

4. I ____________ to my bank account every week to check my balance.

5. She forgot to ________________her printer and was wondering why it didn’t work.

H. Put the verbs into the correct tense according to the given clues. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Progressive.

1. James (know) ___________________ how to repair computers for a long time.

2. We (look) ___________________ at other options recently. 3. I (have) ___________________ a computer virus many times.

4. Mary (work) ___________________ as a computer technician the last two years.

5. The recent development of the massively multiplayer online (make) ______________ possible by widespread broadband access.

I. Complete the following job descriptions with the IT jobs from the table. Jobs cannot be repeated.

DTP operator

Help desk technician

Software engineer

Blog administrato

Hardware engineer

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Answers G. 1. type in 2. log on 3. set up 4. log in 5. plug inH. 1. has known 2. have been looking 3. have had 4.has been working 5.has been made

r

1.A _______________________ spends his/her time at work following a heavily-travelled

software design process from end to end; it begins with taking requirements and

conceptual ideas into account and creating a software blueprint, next comes the

programming stage itself, and finally, a series of tests and modifications rounds out the

cycle.

2. A _______________________ uses specialist computer software to make sure that printed

materials (such as books, newspapers, magazines and brochures) are well designed,

attractive and easy to read

3. A _______________________ has access to the blog's settings and template, as well as

the ability to edit and delete posts made by other members of the team work.

4. A _______________________ focuses mainly on the physical aspects of computers, from

planning the concept for the system to manufacturing the parts for installation.

5. A ________________________ identifies the hardware and software needed to provide

solutions to problems, provide telephone, face-to-face and online support to customers

and download and install appropriate software."

J. Classify the words in bold as adjective, noun or verb. Write N for noun, V for verb or ADJ for adjective next to each word.

1. The Ada programming language is the result of the most extensive and most expensive language. ________

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Answers1. software engineer, 2. DTP operator, 3. Blog administrator, 4. hardware engineer, 5. Help Desk technician

2. A number of programmers working on big mainframe computers developed different computer games last year.________

3. The programmable logic controller or PLC system was developed in the 1970s. ________

4. You can solve this problem with the debugging flag. ________

5. When you debug an ASP.NET application in Visual Studio .NET, you may receive an error message. ________

K. Fill in the blanks with any of the expressions in the table. They can be repeated.

1. Java has been used _____________1994.

2. I knew about the new software a few days _____________.

3. Our company has been looking for a webmaster _____________ two months.

4. They worked on the project _____________midnight.

5. Office suites have been secure _____________the anti-virus programs were created.

L. Use a modal from the list that best completes each sentence. Modals can be repeated

Can Needn’t Might Must May Should

1. She ____________ consult an expert if she wants to use that sophisticated program.

2. Internet ____________ change a lot in the future.

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ago- since - for - until

Answers J) 1. Adj 2. Noun 3. Adj 4. Adj 5.VerbK) 1.since 2. Ago 3. For 4. Until 5. since

3. You ____________ be careful when you are going to make an online transactions.

4. You ____________ a long explanation to download music.

5. Your e-mails ____________ be read by people who illegally enter computer systems.

M. Use the gerund form of the verbs in parenthesis to complete the sentences below.

1. I keep _______________ (look) for a new computer.

2. (Edit) __________________ pictures is part of her responsibilities.

3. Email is a way of___________________ (communicate) with clients.

4. I look forward to ___________________ (see) you soon.

5. I suggest _______________ (change) the Power Point presentation.

N. Search for sentences on the Internet or in books that contain the expressions below. Copy them on the space provided.

1. Cybercrime: _________________________________________________ 2. e-signature: _________________________________________________3. e-pal: ______________________________________________________4.cyberspace: _________________________________________________5. e-card: _____________________________________________________

O. Complete the following definitions with the words from the box. Write the term in the space provided. Do not repeat any option. Two extra options are given.

worm Plug-in e-tailer spam pixel cookies

wireframe avatar cyberslacker

fractal e-zine webcam

1. ________________ It is an electronic retailer or online store.

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AnswersL. 1. should 2. Might 3. Should 4. needn’t 5. canM. PART 1. looking 2. editing 3. communicating 4. seeing 5. changingN. Answer may vary. Possible answers are the following:1. Cybercrime: cybercrime refers to any crime that involves a computer and a network. The computer may have been used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target.2. e-signature: e-signature is any electronic means that indicates either that a person adopts the contents of an electronic message3. e-pal: E-pal is a person with whom one becomes acquainted only through a friendly, regular electronic correspondence.4. Cyberspace: The word "cyberspace" was coined by the science fiction.5. e-card: Browse e-cards from Hallmark.

2. ________________ It is an employee who uses whose company’s internet connection during work hours to chat.

3. ________________ It is a small magazine or newsletter published online.

4. ________________ It is a self-copying program that spreads through email attachments.

5. ________________ It is an auxiliary program that expands the capabilities of your web browser.

6. ________________ It is a representation showing the outlines of all edges in a transparent drawing.

7. ________________ It is the name given to the unsolicited email messages.

8. ________________ It is a 3-D graphical representation.

9. ________________ The smallest unit on a display screen.

10. ________________ It is a geometrical pattern that is repeated at small scales.

P. Put the verbs into the correct tense according to the given clues. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Simple Past.

1. You/use ______________ the same program for a long time. 2. He/lose ______________his laptop last month.3. I/send _______________ an email to all the employees. 4. She/design ______________ two new programs during the last days.5. Mike/be______________ an excellent Webmaster.

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Answers O. 1. e-tailer, 2. Cyberslacker, 3. e-zine, 4. Worm, 5. plug-in, 6. Wireframe, 7. Spam, 8. Avatar, 9. Pixel, 10.fractal.

Q. Complete the spaces using the correct preposition from the box to form phrasal verbs. They can be repeated. There is one extra option.

1. He should set __________ a wireless LAN to make it function.

2. It is faster to fill __________ the form first.

3. I always look __________ new information on the Web.

4. You have to look__________ the new words in the dictionary.

5. They are supposed to find __________ about recent researchers.

R. Read the following sentences. Fill in the blanks with any of the words in the list. Words can be repeated.

1. I have been working as a software engineer __________ I came to this country.2. She decided to change her job one month __________.3. He has used Adobe In design __________ many years.4. They stayed at Harvard University ___________ they were 23.5. She has been answering emails __________ a long time.

I. Write a definition for each term. You might use your textbook or an online dictionary. Consider grammar, spelling, content and vocabulary.

1. spyware: ___________________________________________________2. vector graphics: _____________________________________________3. sound card _______________________________________________4. CDripper: _______________________________________________

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Out---Off---Up---In---For

For since ago until

Answers P. 1. have you used, 2. Lost, 3. Sent, 4. has designed, 5. has beenQ. 1. Up, 2. In, 3. For, 4. Up, 5. outR. 1. since 2.ago 3.for 4.until 5. for

5. hypertext: _______________________________________________

II. Use the following expressions to write descriptive sentences in English.

1. object code______________________________________________2. debugger________________________________________________3. compiler _________________________________________________4. webmaster_______________________________________________5. router___________________________________________________6. nanometer ________________________________________________7. nanotube ________________________________________________8. nanocomputer ____________________________________________9. arcade games ____________________________________________ 10. teletex _________________________________________________

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Answers I. 1. A type of software that collects information from your computer without your consent.2. They represent images through the use of geometric images.3. It captures sounds in digital format .4. A program that extracts music tracks and saves them on disk.5. It keeps links to other documents.II. Answers may vary. Possible answers are the following:1. Object code refers to the "before" and "after" versions of a computer program that is compiled before it is ready to run in a computer.2. Debugger is a program used to test and debug other programs. 3. Compiler is a special program that converts a source program into object code in one go. 4. Webmaster is someone responsible for designing, developing, maintaining and marketing websites. 5. Router is a device to transmit data between two computers. 6. Nanometer is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one billionth of a meter.7. Nanotube is an extremely small tube made from pure carbon. 8. Nanocomputer is a computer whose physical dimensions are microscopic.9. Arcade games are games played in a coin-operated machine. 10. Teletex is a method of communicating information by using TV signals.