Prof. Mariluz Maldonado Rodríguez Social Sciences 2º ESO

1. Read and listen to your language assistant:

ABBOT:

Monk who holds the highest position of authority in a monastery.

BEGGAR:

Person, often without a home, who asks for (to beg) money or food in the street.

BENEDICTINE:

Of the religious order that follows the Rule of St. Benedict and has the motto 'ora et labora' (pray and work)

BISHOP:

Priest who holds the highest position of authority in a diocese (ecclesiastical district)

BLACKSMITH:

Man who worked with metal and was responsable for repairing ploughs and weapons, making horseshoes, nails and locks, etc.

CATHEDRAL:

Principal church of a diocese. The name comes from the fact that the church contained the bishop's throne (cathedra in Latin)

CISTERCIAN:

Of the religious order founded by Benedictine monks in the 11th century, which emphasises austerity and poverty as a way of life.

CLUNY MONASTERY:

Monastery founded in the 9th century by the Duke of Aquitaine. The Cluny order reformed the Benedictine Rule and gave more importance to prayer than to work. The Cluniacs were under the direct authority of the pope.

CONVENT:

Place where nuns of a religious order live together.

COURT:

Group of people who accompanied the king or a noble and his family.

DIVINE OFFICE:

Prayers that monks have to recite at particular hours of the day.

DRAUGHT ANIMALS:

Strong working animal that can pull a cart, plough, etc.

FAIR:

Market where traders from different places met on a particular day of the year.

FAMINE:

Widespread hunger or shortage of food.

GREAT HALL:

Main room of the castle where the lord worked and received his visitors. It was also used as a dinning room.

HOLY LAND:

Places where, according to Christians, Jesus had lived and taught.

ILLITERATE:

Not able to read or write.

JOUSTING:

Competition in which two knights on horseback fight each other with lances.

LAY:

Not belonging to an eccleasiastical instituion, secular.

LONJA:

Building in which commercial transactions took place.

Prof. Mariluz Maldonado Rodríguez Social Sciences 2º ESO

MAGYAR:

Member of a people who originated in central Asia and settled in modern Hungary and parts of Romania.

MINSTREL:

Medieval singer or musician who sang or recited poetry to music.

MONEY CHANGER:

Person who changed the coins from one region or country for those of another.

ORDER OF THE HOSPITAL OF ST. JOHN:

Military order founded during the 11th century. The hospitaller knights wore a black habit with a white cross.

ORDER OF THE TEMPLE:

Military order founded in the 12th century. The Templar knights wore a white habit with a red cross.

PARCHMENT:

Thin sheet of material used for writing, drawing or painting made from the prepared skin of an animal, usually a sheep or goat.

PILGRIM ROUTE:

Way normally travelled by pilgrims. Towns along pilgrim routes provided accommodation for the pilgrims and sold things they needed for their journey.

SELF-SUFFCIENT:

Satisfying basic needs, especially food, with no help from outside.

SERF:

Peasant who was not free, tied to the land he worked on and not allowed to leave it without the lord's permission.

STAINED GLASS:

Pieces of coloured glass set in a lead framework and used specially in church windows.

TAPESTRY:

Cloth woven with a colourful design, used to decorate walls in homes.

TITHE:

One-tenth of annual produce from farming or livestock, which all peasants were obliged to give to the Church.

VIKING:

Germanic people of Scandinavian descent who sailed around and attacked the coasts of Europe. They settled in parts of the modern France, Ireland and the United Kingdom.

2. Translate all the vocabulary given into Spanish. You can ask to your language assistant.

ABBOT:

BEGGAR:

BENEDICTINE:

BISHOP:

BLACKSMITH:

CATHEDRAL:

CISTERCIAN:

CLUNY MONASTERY:

CONVENT:

COURT:

DIVINE OFFICE:

DRAUGHT ANIMALS:

FAIR:

FAMINE:

GREAT HALL:

HOLY LAND:

ILLITERATE:

JOUSTING:

LAY:

LONJA:

MAGYAR:

MINSTREL:

MONEY CHANGER:

ORDER OF THE HOSPITAL OF ST. JOHN:

ORDER OF THE TEMPLE:

PARCHMENT:

PILGRIM ROUTE:

SELF-SUFFCIENT:

SERF:

STAINED GLASS:

TAPESTRY:

TITHE:

VIKING:

WHAT DOES ... MEAN IN SPANISH?

Prof. Mariluz Maldonado Rodríguez Social Sciences 2º ESO

3. Look at the following pictures and talk with your partner. What does this

PICTURE A

PICTURE B

4. Find the twelve hidden words in the following alphabet soup.

I D E M A G N I K I V

L G W B R U A Y E O B

L A Y J O U S T I N G

I I L T O B B A A T S

T A P E S T R Y R A I

E S R S T P T I T H E

R U R I O M Y F V O S

A O P H A A K F U L D

T J S E R F T O S E O

E I R I F E N I M A F

B E N E D I C T I N E

Solution: ABBOT, TITHE, ILLITERATE, TAPESTRY, BENEDICTINE, BISHOP, JOUSTING, FAMINE, LAY, SERF, VIKING, FAIR

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