united states small grains department of agriculturethe levels of production and changes from 2010...

United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service

ISSN: 1949-162X

Small Grains 2011 Summary September 2011

Small Grains 2011 Summary (September 2011) 3 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

All wheat production totaled 2.01 billion bushels in 2011, down 9 percent from 2010. Grain area totaled 45.7 million

acres, down 4 percent from the previous year. The United States yield is 43.9 bushels per acre, down 2.4 bushels from the

previous year’s record high but still ranks as the fifth highest on record. The levels of production and changes from 2010

by type are winter wheat, 1.49 billion bushels, up 1 percent; other spring wheat, 462 million bushels, down 25 percent;

Durum wheat, 51.9 million bushels, down 51 percent.

Oat production is estimated at a record low 54.0 million bushels, down 33 percent from 2010. Yield is estimated at

57.5 bushels per acre, down 6.8 bushels from the previous year. Harvested area, at 940 thousand acres, is 26 percent

below last year. This is the smallest acreage harvested for grain on record, surpassing the previous record low set in 2010.

Barley production is estimated at 155 million bushels, down 14 percent from 2010, and the lowest since 1936. Average

yield per acre, at 69.2 bushels, is down 3.9 bushels from the previous year. Producers seeded 2.56 million acres in 2011,

down 11 percent from last year. This is the lowest planted acreage on record. Harvested area, at 2.24 million acres, is

down 9 percent from 2010, and the lowest level since 1881.

This report was approved on September 30, 2011.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Joseph W. Glauber

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Hubert Hamer

4 Small Grains 2011 Summary (September 2011) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents

Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 .................................... 6

Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 ............................... 8

All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 ....................... 10

Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 ................. 12

Other Spring Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and

United States: 2009-2011 ............................................................................................................................................... 14

Durum Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 ................. 15

Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2009-2011 ................................................................................................ 15

Winter Wheat Production Distribution by Class – States: 2010 and 2011 ..................................................................... 16

Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum) Production Distribution by Class – States: 2010 and 2011 ............................ 17

Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot – Selected States: 2007-2011 ............................................................................. 18

Rye Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 ................................. 19

Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – United States:

2010-2011 (Domestic Units) .......................................................................................................................................... 20

Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – United States:

2010-2011 (Metric Units) ............................................................................................................................................... 20

Crop Comments .............................................................................................................................................................. 21

Statistical Methodology .................................................................................................................................................. 23

Information Contacts ...................................................................................................................................................... 24


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Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011

State Area planted

1 Area harvested

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Alabama ....................... Arkansas ....................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Georgia ......................... Idaho ............................. Illinois ............................ Indiana .......................... Iowa .............................. Kansas .......................... Maine ............................ Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Missouri ........................ Montana ........................ Nebraska ...................... New York ...................... North Carolina ............... North Dakota ................. Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon .......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Carolina .............. South Dakota ................ Texas ............................ Utah .............................. Virginia .......................... Washington ................... Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming ....................... United States ................

50 10

250 60 60 80 40 15

200 85

32 70

250 15 70

100 90 50

350 65

50 45

110 30

200 600 45 12 20

310 40

3,404

35 10

220 55 50 70 45 20

180 65

31 75

260 20 65 90 80 40

280 65

45 45

110 26

190 550 40 12 20

310 34

3,138

45 15

200 45 60 70 30 15

120 60

28 40

180 15 45 60 55 45

170 50

35 35 90 22

120 550 35 11 10

210 30

2,496

11 8

30 9

20 25 25 7

95 35

31 55

170 9

32 30 60 15

165 45

15 22 80 15 90 60 5 4 6

195 10

1,379

10 7

25 9

15 20 30 8

70 25

30 60

165 8

27 25 58 15

105 50

9

22 80 13

105 80 4 4 5

170 9

1,263

15 10 15 10 25 15 20 7

50 25

27 30

110 8

20 20 34 20 85 38

5

12 60 13 70 60 4 3 3

115 11

940

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued


Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 (continued)

State Yield Production

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011

(bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama ....................... Arkansas ...................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Georgia ........................ Idaho ............................ Illinois ........................... Indiana ......................... Iowa .............................. Kansas ......................... Maine ........................... Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Missouri ........................ Montana ....................... Nebraska ...................... New York ...................... North Carolina .............. North Dakota ................ Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon ......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Carolina .............. South Dakota ................ Texas ........................... Utah .............................. Virginia ......................... Washington .................. Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming ...................... United States ................

50.0 80.0

105.0 65.0 56.0 78.0 65.0 69.0 65.0 53.0

65.0 63.0 71.0 55.0 56.0 69.0 77.0 70.0 68.0 75.0

34.0

100.0 61.0 55.0 73.0 47.0 81.0 54.0 80.0 68.0 61.0

67.5

45.0 80.0 95.0 65.0 54.0 84.0 65.0 66.0 62.0 50.0

65.0 68.0 69.0 45.0 61.0 68.0 67.0 60.0 61.0 70.0

33.0

100.0 59.0 47.0 72.0 52.0 74.0 44.0 84.0 58.0 61.0

64.3

60.0 90.0

100.0 70.0 62.0 70.0 68.0 61.0 65.0 38.0

50.0 64.0 54.0 49.0 50.0 65.0 50.0 80.0 54.0 54.0

40.0

100.0 46.0 60.0 59.0 35.0 81.0 65.0 61.0 62.0 52.0

57.5

550 640

3,150 585

1,120 1,950 1,625

483 6,175 1,855

2,015 3,465

12,070 495

1,792 2,070 4,620 1,050

11,220 3,375

510

2,200 4,880

825 6,570 2,820

405 216 480

13,260 610

93,081

450 560

2,375 585 810

1,680 1,950

528 4,340 1,250

1,950 4,080

11,385 360

1,647 1,700 3,886

900 6,405 3,500

297

2,200 4,720

611 7,560 4,160

296 176 420

9,860 549

81,190

900 900

1,500 700

1,550 1,050 1,360

427 3,250

950

1,350 1,920 5,940

392 1,000 1,300 1,700 1,600 4,590 2,052

200

1,200 2,760

780 4,130 2,100

324 195 183

7,130 572

54,005

1 Includes area planted in preceding fall.


Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011

State Area planted

1 Area harvested

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Arizona ......................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Delaware ...................... Idaho ............................. Kansas .......................... Maine ............................ Maryland ....................... Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Montana ........................ New York ...................... North Carolina ............... North Dakota ................. Oregon .......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Dakota ................ Utah .............................. Virginia .......................... Washington ................... Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming ....................... United States ................

48 90 78 28

530 14 16 55 13 95

870 12 23

1,210 40 60 48 40 67

105 45 80

3,567

45 110 64 20

490 10 16 45 11 85

760 12 20

720 45 60 35 39 75 90 45 75

2,872

65 100 66 35

520 9

16 50 10 70

700 10 22

400 38 65 25 35 90

125 33 75

2,559

45 55 77 26

510 9

15 48 11 80

720 10 19

1,130 32 45 22 30 43 97 25 64

3,113

44 75 63 18

470 7

15 34 10 70

620 10 15

670 40 45 11 27 48 81 30 62

2,465

64 75 63 32

500 6

14 36 8

60

620 9

14 350 32 55 16 22 70

115 15 63

2,239



Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 (continued)


2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Arizona ......................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Delaware ...................... Idaho ............................ Kansas ......................... Maine ........................... Maryland ....................... Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Montana ....................... New York ...................... North Carolina .............. North Dakota ................ Oregon ......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Dakota ................ Utah .............................. Virginia ......................... Washington .................. Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming ...................... United States ................

115.0 54.0

135.0 70.0 95.0 51.0 55.0 70.0 51.0 61.0

57.0 53.0 60.0 70.0 60.0 75.0 54.0 85.0 74.0 64.0 59.0

105.0

73.0

125.0 58.0

133.0 64.0 92.0 43.0 60.0 68.0 54.0 62.0

62.0 55.0 63.0 65.0 74.0 75.0 40.0 90.0 67.0 72.0 48.0 98.0

73.1

125.0 63.0

126.0 88.0 92.0 29.0 35.0 80.0 48.0 51.0

50.0 46.0 81.0 47.0 75.0 65.0 33.0 83.0 88.0 72.0 47.0 97.0

69.2

5,175 2,970

10,395 1,820

48,450 459 825

3,360 561

4,880

41,040 530

1,140 79,100 1,920 3,375 1,188 2,550 3,182 6,208 1,475 6,720

227,323

5,500 4,350 8,379 1,152

43,240 301 900

2,312 540

4,340

38,440 550 945

43,550 2,960 3,375

440 2,430 3,216 5,832 1,440 6,076

180,268

8,000 4,725 7,938 2,816

46,000 174 490

2,880 384

3,060

31,000 414

1,134 16,450 2,400 3,575

528 1,826 6,160 8,280

705 6,111

155,050



All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011

State Area planted

1 Area harvested

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Alabama ....................... Arizona ......................... Arkansas ....................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Delaware ...................... Florida ........................... Georgia ......................... Idaho ............................. Illinois ............................ Indiana .......................... Iowa .............................. Kansas .......................... Kentucky ....................... Louisiana ...................... Maryland ....................... Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Mississippi .................... Missouri ........................ Montana ........................ Nebraska ...................... Nevada ......................... New Jersey ................... New Mexico .................. New York ...................... North Carolina ............... North Dakota ................. Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon .......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Carolina .............. South Dakota ................ Tennessee .................... Texas ............................ Utah .............................. Virginia .......................... Washington ................... West Virginia ................. Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming ....................... United States ................

220 132 430 795

2,630 70 17

340 1,310

850

470 28

9,300 510 185 230 630

1,655 180 780

5,520 1,700

20 34

450 115 700

8,680 1,010 5,700

890 190 165

3,209 430

6,400 154 250

2,290 9

335 155

59,168

150 89

200 765

2,478 50 12

170 1,400

330

250 15

8,400 390 125 180 530

1,665 125 370

5,440 1,600

23 28

470 110 500

8,530 780

5,300

960 165 145

2,815 260

5,700 151 180

2,330 7

240 165

53,593

220 87

620 790

2,345 80 12

250 1,471

800

430 22

8,800 540 240 260 700

1,580 360 790

5,100 1,520

23 35

435 120 700

6,800 880

5,100

990 185 190

2,908 420

5,300 151 270

2,380 10

345 150

54,409

180 129 390 500

2,479 67 14

250 1,250

820

450 22

8,800 390 175 195 570

1,595 165 730

5,305 1,600

13 29

140 105 600

8,415 980

3,500

877 175 150

3,009 340

2,450 147 210

2,225 5

315 132

49,893

115 85

150 455

2,377 45 7

122 1,345

295

230 10

8,000 250 110 135 510

1,610 100 280

5,210 1,490

12 23

290 100 380

8,400 750

3,900

947 150 130

2,725 180

3,750 131 155

2,285 5

230 145

47,619

195 85

520 535

2,044 75 8

200 1,401

765

400 16

7,900 440 235 190 680

1,526 335 680

4,980 1,450

12 31 95 93

610 6,595

850 3,200

982 170 180

2,817 310

1,900 144 250

2,345 6

335 130

45,715



All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 (continued)


2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Alabama ....................... Arizona ......................... Arkansas ...................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Delaware ...................... Florida .......................... Georgia ........................ Idaho ............................ Illinois ........................... Indiana ......................... Iowa .............................. Kansas ......................... Kentucky ....................... Louisiana ...................... Maryland ....................... Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Mississippi .................... Missouri ........................ Montana ....................... Nebraska ...................... Nevada ......................... New Jersey ................... New Mexico .................. New York ...................... North Carolina .............. North Dakota ................ Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon ......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Carolina .............. South Dakota ................ Tennessee .................... Texas ........................... Utah .............................. Virginia ......................... Washington .................. West Virginia ................ Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming ...................... United States ................

55.0 99.4 44.0 86.8 40.6 62.0 43.0 42.0 79.3 56.0

67.0 45.0 42.0 57.0 56.0 60.0 69.0 52.8 50.0 47.0

33.3 48.0 97.8 51.0 25.0 65.0 49.0 44.8 72.0 22.0

55.7 56.0 47.0 42.9 51.0 25.0 49.5 58.0 55.3 50.0 68.0 38.0

44.5

55.0 112.2 54.0 86.3 45.5 58.0 40.0 40.0 79.9 56.0

60.0 46.0 45.0 66.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 54.7 47.0 45.0

41.3 43.0

105.8 49.0 28.0 67.0 37.0 43.0 61.0 31.0

67.1 59.0 36.0 45.3 53.0 34.0 48.7 51.0 64.7 54.0 64.0 32.0

46.3

73.0 98.8 58.0 90.2 40.0 69.0 45.0 55.0 82.8 61.0

62.0 45.0 35.0 70.0 63.0 66.0 75.0 46.2 64.0 50.0

35.8 45.0

108.8 49.0 22.0 56.0 68.0 31.2 58.0 22.0

75.9 51.0 60.0 37.2 69.0 26.0 49.4 71.0 71.3 59.0 65.0 34.0

43.9

9,900 12,825 17,160 43,400

100,610 4,154

602 10,500 99,130 45,920

30,150

990 369,600 22,230 9,800

11,700 39,330 84,175 8,250

34,310

176,625 76,800 1,272 1,479 3,500 6,825

29,400 377,190 70,560 77,000

48,858 9,800 7,050

129,147 17,340 61,250 7,278

12,180 123,085

250 21,420 5,016

2,218,061

6,325 9,535 8,100

39,250 108,234

2,610 280

4,880 107,410 16,520

13,800

460 360,000 16,500 5,500 8,100

35,700 88,070 4,700

12,600

215,360 64,070 1,270 1,127 8,120 6,700

14,060 361,550 45,750

120,900

63,586 8,850 4,680

123,475 9,540

127,500 6,379 7,905

147,890 270

14,720 4,640

2,206,916

14,235 8,399

30,160 48,235 81,828 5,175

360 11,000

115,979 46,665

24,800

720 276,500 30,800 14,805 12,540 51,000 70,456 21,440 34,000

178,290 65,250 1,305 1,519 2,090 5,208

41,480 205,845 49,300 70,400

74,515 8,670

10,800 104,796 21,390 49,400 7,120

17,750 167,265

354 21,775 4,420

2,008,039



Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011

State Area planted

1 Area harvested

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Alabama ....................... Arizona ......................... Arkansas ....................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Delaware ...................... Florida ........................... Georgia ......................... Idaho ............................. Illinois ............................ Indiana .......................... Iowa .............................. Kansas .......................... Kentucky ....................... Louisiana ...................... Maryland ....................... Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Mississippi .................... Missouri ........................ Montana ........................ Nebraska ...................... Nevada ......................... New Jersey ................... New Mexico .................. New York ...................... North Carolina ............... North Dakota ................. Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon .......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Carolina .............. South Dakota ................ Tennessee .................... Texas ............................ Utah .............................. Virginia .......................... Washington ................... West Virginia ................. Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming ....................... United States ................

220 7

430 615

2,600 70 17

340 740 850

470 28

9,300 510 185 230 630 55

180 780

2,550 1,700

16 34

450 115 700 580

1,010 5,700

760 190 165

1,700 430

6,400 140 250

1,700 9

335 155

43,346

150 9

200 660

2,450 50 12

170 750 330

250 15

8,400 390 125 180 530 65

125 370

2,050 1,600

19 28

470 110 500 330 780

5,300

820 165 145

1,350 260

5,700 135 180

1,750 7

240 165

37,335

220 7

620 670

2,300 80 12

250 820 800

430 22

8,800 540 240 260 700 30

360 790

2,250 1,520

15 35

435 120 700 400 880

5,100

830 185 190

1,650 420

5,300 130 270

1,760 10

345 150

40,646

180 5

390 330

2,450 67 14

250 700 820

450 22

8,800 390 175 195 570 45

165 730

2,420 1,600

11 29

140 105 600 545 980

3,500

750 175 150

1,530 340

2,450 135 210

1,640 5

315 132

34,510

115 6

150 360

2,350 45 7

122 710 295

230 10

8,000 250 110 135 510 60

100 280

1,950 1,490

10 23

290 100 380 320 750

3,900

810 150 130

1,300 180

3,750 118 155

1,710 5

230 145

31,741

195 6

520 420

2,000 75 8

200 770 765

400 16

7,900 440 235 190 680 26

335 680

2,190 1,450

9 31 95 93

610 375 850

3,200

825 170 180

1,590 310

1,900 124 250

1,730 6

335 130

32,314



Winter Wheat Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011 (continued)


2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Alabama ....................... Arizona ......................... Arkansas ...................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Delaware ...................... Florida .......................... Georgia ........................ Idaho ............................ Illinois ........................... Indiana ......................... Iowa .............................. Kansas ......................... Kentucky ....................... Louisiana ...................... Maryland ....................... Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Mississippi .................... Missouri ........................ Montana ....................... Nebraska ...................... Nevada ......................... New Jersey ................... New Mexico .................. New York ...................... North Carolina .............. North Dakota ................ Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon ......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Carolina .............. South Dakota ................ Tennessee .................... Texas ........................... Utah .............................. Virginia ......................... Washington .................. West Virginia ................ Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming ...................... United States ................

55.0 85.0 44.0 80.0 40.0 62.0 43.0 42.0 81.0 56.0

67.0 45.0 42.0 57.0 56.0 60.0 69.0 45.0 50.0 47.0

37.0 48.0

102.0 51.0 25.0 65.0 49.0 48.0 72.0 22.0

56.0 56.0 47.0 42.0 51.0 25.0 50.0 58.0 59.0 50.0 68.0 38.0

44.2

55.0 75.0 54.0 80.0 45.0 58.0 40.0 40.0 82.0 56.0

60.0 46.0 45.0 66.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 47.0 47.0 45.0

48.0 43.0

109.0 49.0 28.0 67.0 37.0 55.0 61.0 31.0

67.0 59.0 36.0 49.0 53.0 34.0 48.0 51.0 69.0 54.0 64.0 32.0

46.8

73.0 70.0 58.0 85.0 39.0 69.0 45.0 55.0 82.0 61.0

62.0 45.0 35.0 70.0 63.0 66.0 75.0 56.0 64.0 50.0

41.0 45.0

115.0 49.0 22.0 56.0 68.0 37.0 58.0 22.0

77.0 51.0 60.0 42.0 69.0 26.0 50.0 71.0 75.0 59.0 65.0 34.0

46.2

9,900 425

17,160 26,400 98,000 4,154

602 10,500 56,700 45,920

30,150

990 369,600 22,230 9,800

11,700 39,330 2,025 8,250

34,310

89,540 76,800 1,122 1,479 3,500 6,825

29,400 26,160 70,560 77,000

42,000 9,800 7,050

64,260 17,340 61,250 6,750

12,180 96,760

250 21,420 5,016

1,524,608

6,325 450

8,100 28,800

105,750 2,610

280 4,880

58,220 16,520

13,800

460 360,000 16,500 5,500 8,100

35,700 2,820 4,700

12,600

93,600 64,070 1,090 1,127 8,120 6,700

14,060 17,600 45,750

120,900

54,270 8,850 4,680

63,700 9,540

127,500 5,664 7,905

117,990 270

14,720 4,640

1,484,861

14,235 420

30,160 35,700 78,000 5,175

360 11,000 63,140 46,665

24,800

720 276,500 30,800 14,805 12,540 51,000 1,456

21,440 34,000

89,790 65,250 1,035 1,519 2,090 5,208

41,480 13,875 49,300 70,400

63,525 8,670

10,800 66,780 21,390 49,400 6,200

17,750 129,750

354 21,775 4,420

1,493,677



Other Spring Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011

State Area planted Area harvested

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Colorado ..................... Idaho ........................... Minnesota ................... Montana ...................... Nevada ....................... North Dakota ............... Oregon ........................ South Dakota .............. Utah ............................ Washington ................. United States ..............

30 550

1,600 2,400

4 6,450

130 1,500

14 590

13,268

28 630

1,600 2,850

4 6,400

140 1,450

16 580

13,698

45 640

1,550 2,450

8 5,650

160 1,250

21 620

12,394

29 530

1,550 2,350

2 6,300

127 1,470

12 585

12,955

27 615

1,550 2,730

2 6,300

137 1,410

13 575

13,359

44 620

1,500 2,400

3 5,500

157 1,220

20 615

12,079


2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Colorado ..................... Idaho ........................... Minnesota ................... Montana ...................... Nevada ....................... North Dakota ............... Oregon ........................ South Dakota .............. Utah ............................ Washington ................. United States ..............

90.0 77.0 53.0 30.0 75.0 46.0 54.0 44.0 44.0 45.0

45.1

92.0 78.0 55.0 38.0 90.0 44.0 68.0 42.0 55.0 52.0

46.1

87.0 84.0 46.0 32.0 90.0 31.5 70.0 31.0 46.0 61.0

38.3

2,610 40,810 82,150 70,500

150 289,800

6,858 64,680

528 26,325

584,411

2,484 47,970 85,250

103,740 180

277,200 9,316

59,220 715

29,900

615,975

3,828 52,080 69,000 76,800

270 173,250 10,990 37,820

920 37,515

462,473


Durum Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011

State Area planted Area harvested

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Arizona ....................... California .................... Idaho .......................... Montana ..................... North Dakota .............. South Dakota .............. United States ..............

125 180 20

570 1,650

9

2,554

80 105 20

540 1,800

15

2,560

80 120 11

400 750

8

1,369

124 170 20

535 1,570

9

2,428

79 95 20

530 1,780

15

2,519

79 115 11

390 720

7

1,322


2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Arizona ....................... California .................... Idaho .......................... Montana ..................... North Dakota .............. South Dakota .............. United States ..............

100.0 100.0 81.0 31.0 39.0 23.0

44.9

115.0 110.0 61.0 34.0 37.5 37.0

42.1

101.0 109.0 69.0 30.0 26.0 28.0

39.3

12,400 17,000 1,620

16,585 61,230

207

109,042

9,085 10,450 1,220

18,020 66,750

555

106,080

7,979 12,535

759 11,700 18,720

196

51,889

Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2009-2011 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data]

Crop 2009 2010 2011

(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Winter Hard red .............................. Soft red ................................ Hard white ........................... Soft white ............................. Spring Hard red .............................. Hard white ........................... Soft white ............................. Durum ................................. Total ....................................

919,939 403,984 18,248

182,437

547,933 7,865

28,613 109,042

2,218,061

1,018,337

237,429 13,496

215,599

569,975 9,256

36,744 106,080

2,206,916

780,089 457,535 12,368

243,685

405,287 11,866 45,320 51,889

2,008,039


Wheat Class Percentage Estimates

The following percentages are the basis for the United States wheat production by class estimates each year. These

estimates are based on the latest varietal or class survey data available. These end-of-season percentages will be used

during the 2012 forecast season. However, if an unusual situation significantly distorts a State’s usual distribution, then

updated percentages will be used to forecast the production by class. (Note: The Idaho, Oregon, and Washington

percentages are based on their estimates of production by class.)

Winter Wheat Production Distribution by Class – States: 2010 and 2011

State Hard red Soft red Hard white Soft white

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Alabama ....................... Arizona ......................... Arkansas ....................... California ...................... Colorado ....................... Delaware ...................... Florida ........................... Georgia ......................... Idaho ............................. Illinois ............................ Indiana .......................... Iowa .............................. Kansas .......................... Kentucky ....................... Louisiana ...................... Maryland ....................... Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Mississippi .................... Missouri ........................ Montana ........................ Nebraska ...................... Nevada ......................... New Jersey ................... New Mexico .................. New York ...................... North Carolina ............... North Dakota ................. Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon .......................... Pennsylvania ................ South Carolina .............. South Dakota ................ Tennessee .................... Texas ............................ Utah .............................. Virginia .......................... Washington ................... West Virginia ................. Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming .......................

1 80

- 85 98

- - -

24 -

- 64 98

- - - -

100 - 3

100 99

- -

100 3 -

100 -

99

4 1 -

100 -

97 79

- 15 1 3

100

1 60

- 85 98

- - -

23 -

- 53 98

- - - -

100 - 3

99 100

- -

100 3 -

100 -

99

4 1 -

100 -

93 76

- 15 1 3

100

99 -

100 - -

100 100 100

- 100

100 36

- 100 100 100 61

- 100 97

- - -

100 -

71 100

- 100

1

- 99

100 -

100 3 -

100 -

99 96

-

99 -

100 - -

100 100 100

- 100

100 47

- 100 100 100 63

- 100 97

- - -

100 -

77 100

- 100

1

- 99

100 -

100 7 -

100 -

99 96

-

- 15

- 10 2 - - - 1 -

- - 2 - - - - - - -

- 1 1 - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - -

- 40

- 10

2 - - - 1 -

- - 2 - - - - - - -

1 - 1 - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - -

- 5 - 5 - - - -

75 -

- - - - - -

39 - - -

- -

99 - -

26 - - - -

96 - - - - -

21 -

85 - 1 -

- - - 5 - - - -

76 -

- - - - - -

37 - - -

- -

99 - -

20 - - - -

96 - - - - -

24 -

85 - 1 -

- Represents zero.


Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum) Production Distribution by Class – States: 2010 and 2011

State Hard red Hard white Soft white

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Colorado ....................... Idaho ............................ Minnesota ..................... Montana ....................... Nevada ......................... North Dakota ................ Oregon ......................... South Dakota ................ Utah .............................. Washington ..................

46 50

100 100

- 100 46

100 70 49

40 45

100 100

- 100 40

100 73 49

39 16

- - - - - - 2 2

45 18

- - - - - - 2 2

15 34

- -

100 -

54 -

28 49

15 37

- -

100 -

60 -

25 49

- Represents zero.


Winter Wheat Head Population

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat estimating States during

2011. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields were visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific

counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot – Selected States: 2007-2011 State 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Colorado July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Illinois July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Kansas July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Missouri July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Montana July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Nebraska July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Ohio July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Oklahoma July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Texas July ........................................... August ...................................... Final .......................................... Washington July ........................................... August ...................................... Final ..........................................

41.3 41.5 41.5

52.3 52.3 52.3

43.5 43.6 43.6

53.1 53.1 53.1

38.5 38.1 38.1

49.5 49.2 49.2

52.4 52.4 52.4

42.8 42.8 42.8

38.5 38.5 38.5

38.9 38.1 38.1

37.8 38.8 38.8

63.9 63.2 63.2

44.7 44.7 44.7

61.5 53.2 53.2

38.6 39.4 39.4

44.9 47.6 47.6

58.4 61.0 61.0

41.8 41.8 41.8

30.6 31.0 31.5

38.4 36.6 36.6

44.0 44.1 43.9

58.1 58.4 58.4

45.5 45.5 45.5

49.7 49.7 49.7

37.1 35.8 36.0

51.5 50.8 50.8

57.8 58.2 58.2

38.7 38.7 38.7

35.2 35.2 35.1

36.0 35.6 35.4

47.3 48.6 48.6

44.5 44.5 44.5

44.6 44.6 44.6

39.8 39.2 39.2

44.7 44.7 45.0

47.1 48.1 48.1

62.1 62.1 62.1

36.5 36.5 36.5

35.9 35.9 35.9

40.2 39.2 39.2

45.3 45.0 45.0

60.0 60.1 60.1

42.2 42.2 42.2

50.7 48.9 48.9

44.3 46.7 46.9

54.3 54.6 54.6

56.1 56.2 56.2

37.7 37.7 37.7

32.7 32.8 32.9

41.3 41.5 41.4


Rye Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009-2011

State Area planted

1 Area harvested

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Georgia ......................... Oklahoma ...................... Other States

2 ................

United States .................

200 270

771

1,241

190 250

771

1,211

200 260

806

1,266

25 40

187

252

40 60

165

265

35 55

152

242


2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011


Georgia ......................... Oklahoma ...................... Other States

2 ................

United States .................

21.0 14.0

31.6

27.8

24.0 25.0

30.1

28.0

27.0 15.0

30.0

26.1

525 560

5,908

6,993

960 1,500

4,971

7,431

945 825

4,556

6,326


2 Other States include Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Carolina,

South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin.


Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – United States: 2010-2011 (Domestic Units)

Crop Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Barley .................................. Oats ..................................... Rye ...................................... Wheat, all ............................. Winter ................................ Durum ................................ Other spring .......................

2,872 3,138 1,211

53,593 37,335 2,560

13,698

2,559 2,496 1,266

54,409 40,646 1,369

12,394

2,465 1,263

265 47,619 31,741 2,519

13,359

2,239 940 242

45,715 32,314 1,322

12,079

Crop Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011

(bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)


73.1 64.3 28.0 46.3 46.8 42.1 46.1

69.2 57.5 26.1 43.9 46.2 39.3 38.3

180,268 81,190 7,431

2,206,916 1,484,861

106,080 615,975

155,050 54,005 6,326

2,008,039 1,493,677

51,889 462,473

Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – United States: 2010-2011 (Metric Units)

Crop Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)


1,162,270 1,269,920

490,080 21,688,550 15,109,100 1,036,010 5,543,440

1,035,600 1,010,110

512,340 22,018,780 16,449,030

554,020 5,015,730

997,560 511,120 107,240

19,270,930 12,845,270 1,019,410 5,406,250

906,100 380,410 97,930

18,500,400 13,077,150

535,000 4,888,250

Crop Yield per hectare Production

2010 2011 2010 2011

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)


3.93 2.31 1.76 3.12 3.15 2.83 3.10

3.73 2.06 1.64 2.95 3.11 2.64 2.57

3,924,870 1,178,470

188,760 60,062,410 40,411,290 2,887,020

16,764,090

3,375,820 783,880 160,690

54,649,870 40,651,230 1,412,190

12,586,450


Crop Comments

Oats: The 2011 production is estimated at a record low 54.0 million bushels, down 6 percent from the August forecast

and down 33 percent from 2010. Yield is estimated at 57.5 bushels per acre, down 4.1 bushels from August and down

6.8 bushels from the previous year. Area planted to oats is estimated at a record low 2.50 million acres, down 4 percent

from the previous estimate and down 20 percent from 2010. In total, record lows for planted acres were set in 24 States.

Harvested area is estimated at a record low 940 thousand acres, up slightly from August but 26 percent below last year.

Record lows for harvested area occurred in 19 States.

Favorable growing conditions in the Southeast promoted significant yield increases compared with 2010, with Alabama

and North Carolina yields tying record highs. Extreme drought conditions in Texas led to a large decline in yield from last

year. Elsewhere, delayed planting caused by above average spring precipitation and combined with excessive heat during

pollination in July led to a large drop in average yields in Minnesota and South Dakota.

During early spring, planting of the oat crop was behind the normal pace. By April 24, growers had planted 41 percent of

the acreage, 18 points behind normal. During April, emergence also was behind the normal pace. By April 24, emergence

was 31 percent complete, 5 points behind the 5-year average. As of May 29, planting was 89 percent complete, 10 points

behind the average. Seventy-four percent of the crop was emerged by May 29, nineteen points behind the normal pace.

Through June, crop development remained behind normal in most major oat-producing States. As of June 26,

fifty-two percent of the oat acreage was headed, 19 points behind the 5-year average. However, Texas was on pace with

the 5-year average.

By July 31, thirty percent of the oat acreage was harvested, 14 points behind the normal pace. However, harvest in Iowa,

Nebraska, and Texas was ahead of the 5-year average. Although harvest was 94 percent complete in the nine major

producing States by September 4, only 64 percent of the crop was harvested in North Dakota, 24 points behind the

average.

Barley: Production is estimated at 155 million bushels, down 8 percent from the August forecast and 14 percent below

2010, and the lowest since 1936. Average yield per acre, at 69.2 bushels, is down 3.9 bushels from the previous year.

Producers seeded 2.56 million acres in 2011, down 11 percent from last year. This is the lowest planted acreage on record.

Harvested area, at 2.24 million acres, is down 9 percent from 2010, and the lowest level since 1881.

Seeded area in North Dakota establishes a record low for the State, while harvested area is the lowest since 1901. In

addition, Michigan, Minnesota, Oregon, South Dakota, and Utah producers set new record lows for seeded acreage, while

producers in New York seeded a record-tying low. Record lows for harvested area were set in Michigan and Wisconsin. A

record high yield was set in North Carolina, while producers in Arizona reported a record-tying yield.

Barley seeding was underway across much of the major producing regions by April 17, when 11 percent of the Nation’s

crop was in the ground, 8 percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Rain,

snow, and unusually cool spring temperatures delayed the start of fieldwork in North Dakota by nearly 3 weeks when

compared to normal. Emergence was evident in most States by May 1, but cool temperatures limited crop growth. With

producers in North Dakota battling soggy fields well into June, Nationwide seeding progress remained well behind normal

throughout the month. Warmer temperatures in portions of the barley-producing region promoted rapid crop emergence

during the first half of June, with heading evident in Idaho, Minnesota, and Washington by July 3. The latter half of July

brought warmer temperatures to much of the Northern Tier, promoting an increase in crop development and maturity. As

August began, producers in Idaho, Minnesota, and North Dakota were harvesting this year’s crop; however, progress in

four of the five major estimating States was 20 percentage points or more behind the 5-year average. Harvest advanced

quickly throughout the month as producers in Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, and North Dakota ramped up fieldwork to help

gain ground on what was a slower than normal crop year. By September 4, seventy-one percent of the Nation’s barley

crop was harvested, 10 percentage points behind normal. A warm, dry weather pattern dominated much of the West

during September, allowing harvest progress to advance ahead of both last year and the average by September 25, when

97 percent of the crop was out of the field.


Winter wheat: The 2011 winter wheat production totaled 1.49 billion bushels, down slightly from the August forecast but

1 percent above the previous year. The United States yield is 46.2 bushels per acre, down 0.1 bushel from August and

down 0.6 bushel from 2010. Area harvested for grain is estimated at 32.3 million acres, up slightly from August and up

2 percent from the previous year.

Planted and harvested acres were down from 2010 in most of the major Hard Red Winter (HRW) growing States.

Persistently hot, dry conditions in this growing area, particularly in Texas and Oklahoma, resulted in acreage and yield

reductions from the previous year in most States. Nationally, HRW production totaled 780 million bushels, down

23 percent from 2010.

After seeing a reduction in 2010 area due to wet weather during planting, planted and harvested acres increased from a

year ago across most of the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing area. Due to excellent weather conditions through much of

the season, production was up significantly from the previous year, with production in many of the SRW States up more

than 100 percent from 2010. Record high yields were experienced in Alabama, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, North

Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Overall, SRW production totaled 458 million bushels, up 93 percent

from 2010.

White winter production totaled 256 million bushels, up 12 percent from the previous year. Planted and harvested acreage

in the Pacific Northwest (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) was above 2010’s level. Record high yields were experienced

in Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.

Other spring wheat: Production for 2011 is estimated at 462 million bushels, down 11 percent from the August forecast

and down 25 percent from 2010. Harvested area totaled 12.1 million acres, down 2 percent from August and down

10 percent from last year. The United States yield is 38.3 bushels per acre, down 4.2 bushels from August and 7.8 bushels

lower than last year. Yields are below the previous year’s level in all States except Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, where

record high yields were achieved in all three States.

Due to wet spring conditions, planting got off to a slow start in most of the major spring wheat-producing States. As of

April 24, six percent of the crop had been planted, 19 points behind the 5-year average. The excessively wet conditions

lingered into early summer and eventually reduced the total acres available for planting in North Dakota and Montana. By

May 29, only 68 percent of the Nation’s crop had been planted, 27 points behind the normal pace. Crop maturation

continued behind normal throughout the growing season for most States. As a result, harvest progress lagged behind the

5-year average. By September 4, sixty-eight percent of the crop had been harvested, 13 points behind the 5-year average.

However, warm, dry weather in early September promoted a rapid harvest pace, and by September 11,

ninety-eight percent of the crop had been harvested, only1 percent behind the 5-year average.

Durum wheat: Production for 2011 is estimated at 51.9 million bushels, down 9 percent from the August forecast and

down 51 percent from 2010. Grain area harvested is 1.32 million acres, down 2 percent from August and down 48 percent

from the previous year. The United States yield is 39.3 bushels per acre, down 3.1 bushels from August and down

2.8 bushels from 2010 but still the third highest yield on record, trailing only 2009 and 2010.

Flooding and excessively wet conditions during spring and early summer reduced area available for planting in Montana

and North Dakota and hampered crop development throughout the growing season. In North Dakota, planted and

harvested acres are record lows. As of September 25, harvest progress in Montana and North Dakota was behind normal.

Most notably, Montana was 10 points behind the 5-year average.

Rye: Production for 2011 is estimated at 6.33 million bushels, down 15 percent from last year and the second lowest

production on record. Harvested area totaled a record low 242,000 acres, down 23,000 acres from 2010. The United States

yield, at 26.1 bushels per acre, is down 1.9 bushels from the previous year. Drought conditions in the Southern Great

Plains and floods in the Northern Great Plains throughout the growing season led to yield decreases from a year earlier.


Statistical Methodology

Survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted to gather information on small grain

acreage, yield, and production. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for over 60 percent

of the 2011 winter wheat production. Early in the growing season, farm operators were interviewed to seek permission to

randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. Throughout the growing season, counts such as number

of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were collected from these plots. The plots were revisited each

month until crop maturity when the heads were clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator harvested the

sample field, enumerators revisited the sample to obtain harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewer.

Approximately 66,000 producers were interviewed between August 30 and September 20 and asked questions pertaining

to planted and harvested area as well as yield and production.

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather

patterns and crop progress compared with previous years. Each Field Office submits an estimate and written analysis for

their State to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data, administrative data, and the State

analysis to prepare the estimates published in this report.

Revision Policy: Estimates contained in this report may be revised in the Crop Production Annual Summary report

published in January should new information become available. Previous year acreage, yield, and production estimates

can be revised in the Small Grain Summary published the following year, if new information is available that would

justify a change. Estimates will also be reviewed after data for the 5-year Census of Agriculture are available. No

revisions will be made after that date.

Reliability: The surveys used to make the acreage, yield, and production estimates contained in this report are subject to

sampling and non-sampling type errors that are common to all surveys. Reliability of the objective yield and farmer

survey must be treated separately because the survey designs for the two surveys are different. The objective yield

indications are subject to sampling variability because all acres of winter wheat are not included in the sample.

The farm operator survey indications are also subject to sampling variability because all operations with small grains are

not included in the sample. This variability, as measured by the relative standard error at the National level, is

approximately 1.2 percent for winter wheat, 5.7 percent for Durum wheat, and 2.2 percent for other spring wheat. This

means that chances are approximately 95 out of 100 that survey estimates for production will be within plus or minus

2.4 percent for winter wheat, 11.4 percent for Durum wheat, and 4.4 percent for other spring wheat of the value that could

be developed by averaging the estimates produced from all possible samples selected from the same population and

surveyed using the same procedures. The relative standard errors for barley, oats and rye are 2.2, 3.0, and 7.4 percent,

respectively.

Survey indications are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omission, duplication, imputation for missing data, and

mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. These errors cannot be measured directly, but they are

minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of all reported data for

consistency and reasonableness.


Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact

for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]

Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

Jacqueline Moore, Head, Field Crops Section ...................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

Suzanne Avilla – Peanuts, Rice ........................................................................................................ (202) 720-7688

Bryan Durham – Oats, Rye, Wheat .................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068

Steve Maliszewski – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum ................................................................ (202) 720-5944

Anthony Prillaman – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet ......................................................................... (202) 720-9526

Julie Schmidt – Crop Weather, Barley, Hay .................................................................................... (202) 720-7621

Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds .................................................................. (202) 720-7369

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http://www.nass.usda.gov/

http://www.nass.usda.gov/

USDA Data Users’ Meeting Monday October 17, 2011

Crowne Plaza Chicago-Metro

Chicago, Illinois 60661

312-829-5000

The USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for data

users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the various statistical and

information programs and seek comments and input from data users. Other USDA agencies to

be represented will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service,

the Foreign Agricultural Service, and the World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade

Division from the Census Bureau will also be included in the meeting.

For registration details or additional information for the Data Users’ Meeting, see the NASS

homepage at http://www.nass.usda.gov/meeting/ or contact Marie Jordan (NASS) at

202-690-8141 or at [email protected].

This Data Users’ Meeting precedes an Industry Outlook Meeting that will be held at the same

location on Tuesday October 18, 2011. The Outlook meeting brings together analysts from

various commodity sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional

information for the Industry Outlook Meeting, see the Livestock and Marketing Information

Center (LMIC) homepage at http://www.lmic.info/ or contact Erica Rosa 303-236-0461 at

[email protected] or Laura Lahr 303-236-0464 at [email protected].

http://www.nass.usda.gov/meeting/

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.lcmic.info/

mailto:[email protected]

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