united states naval academy to laser...new mexico: sandia labratories, 2000.pp.1-13 guha, shekar....

BEAM PROPOGATION THROUGH TURBID AIR AND WATER MIDN 4/C Appel, 4/C Lachgar, 4/C Silver, 4/C Usadi Acknowledgements References Conclusion Results Background Abstract Methods United States Naval Academy We transmitted collimated, Gaussian laser beams through various mediums (low and high turbid water, air) in order to observe the effects on the propagation of light. We took pictures of various beams of light and compared their light intensity using MatLab. We used a mirror to reflect the light close to its source of origination. We then took a picture of the light from 10 centimeters away at approximately a 20 degree angle. We applied voltage to a 3.763 meter long tank filled with water, and measured the diameter of the light beam in centimeters. We measured the diameter of the light beam in air, in turbid water, and in stagnant water. We used an engineering board as a flat surface for the light to reflect off of. The images show the variation in the transmission of light through air, stagnant water, water with low turbulence (5 V) and high turbulence (10 V). The images demonstrate that water clearly alters the transmission of light. In particular, images 3 and 4 in comparison to image 1 demonstrate that water distorts the light beam. In addition, the light beam is smaller in width. Laser technology is taking on a greater role in the design and construction of tomorrow’s Navy. Studying how lasers propagate in various mediums is an important first step towards successfully using them in the future. As the CNO highlighted in his CS-21R strategy, we must: “Evolve our counter–small boat swarm TTPs to include the use of innovative technologies such as lasers, advanced guns, and remotely piloted “smart” vehicles to counter this threat.” Our group found that mediums have a profound effect on the propagation of light. In particular, water seems to diminish not only the area of the beam of light, but also the intensity of the light. This is important as it indicates the difficulty of using light as a communication method. Turbulent water greatly affects the transmission of light. Prof. Malek-Madani, and Prof. Avramov-Zamurovic for their endless support and dedication to this project. References Hecht, Eugene. Optics Fifth Edition. New York: Addison Wesley-Longman, 2017. pp. 160-168 Edmund Optics Worldwide. “Laser Beam Expanders”. https://www.edmundoptics.com/resources/application -notes/lasers/beam-expanders/ Dickey, Fred. Laser Beam Theory: Shaping and Techniques. New Mexico: Sandia Labratories, 2000.pp.1-13 Guha, Shekar. Laser Beam Propagation in Nonlinear Optical Media. Florida: CRC Press, 2013. pp.246-306. Laser beam through air Laser beam through stagnant water Laser beam through water of low turbulence Laser beam through water of high turbulence

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Page 1: United States Naval Academy to Laser...New Mexico: Sandia Labratories, 2000.pp.1-13 Guha, Shekar. Laser Beam Propagation in Nonlinear Optical Media. Florida: CRC Press, 2013. pp.246-306

BEAMPROPOGATIONTHROUGHTURBIDAIRANDWATERMIDN4/CAppel,4/CLachgar,4/CSilver,4/CUsadi

Acknowledgements

References

ConclusionResults

Background

Abstract Methods

United States Naval Academy

We transmitted collimated, Gaussianlaser beams through various mediums(low and high turbid water, air) in orderto observe the effects on thepropagation of light. We took pictures ofvarious beams of light and comparedtheir light intensity using MatLab.

We used a mirror to reflect the light closeto its source of origination. We then tooka picture of the light from 10 centimetersaway at approximately a 20 degree angle.We applied voltage to a 3.763 meter longtank filled with water, and measured thediameter of the light beam incentimeters. We measured the diameterof the light beam in air, in turbid water,and in stagnant water. We used anengineering board as a flat surface for thelight to reflect off of.

The images show the variation in thetransmission of light through air, stagnantwater, water with low turbulence (5 V) andhigh turbulence (10 V). The imagesdemonstrate that water clearly alters thetransmission of light. In particular, images3 and 4 in comparison to image 1demonstrate that water distorts the lightbeam. In addition, the light beam issmaller in width.

Laser technology is taking on agreater role in the design andconstruction of tomorrow’s Navy.Studying how lasers propagate invarious mediums is an importantfirst step towards successfully usingthem in the future.

As the CNO highlighted in his CS-21Rstrategy, we must:

“Evolve our counter–small boatswarm TTPs to include the use ofinnovative technologies such aslasers, advanced guns, and remotelypiloted “smart” vehicles to counterthis threat.”

Ourgroupfoundthatmediumshaveaprofoundeffectonthepropagationoflight.Inparticular,waterseemstodiminishnotonlytheareaofthebeamoflight,butalsotheintensityofthelight.Thisisimportantasitindicatesthedifficultyofusinglightasacommunicationmethod.Turbulentwatergreatlyaffectsthetransmissionoflight.

Prof.Malek-Madani,andProf.Avramov-Zamurovic fortheirendlesssupportanddedicationtothisproject.

ReferencesHecht,Eugene.OpticsFifthEdition.NewYork:AddisonWesley-Longman,2017.pp.160-168

EdmundOpticsWorldwide.“LaserBeamExpanders”.https://www.edmundoptics.com/resources/application-notes/lasers/beam-expanders/

Dickey,Fred.LaserBeamTheory:ShapingandTechniques.NewMexico:SandiaLabratories,2000.pp.1-13

Guha,Shekar.LaserBeamPropagationinNonlinearOpticalMedia.Florida:CRCPress,2013.pp.246-306.

Laserbeamthroughair Laserbeamthroughstagnantwater

Laserbeamthroughwateroflowturbulence Laserbeamthroughwaterofhighturbulence

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