united states department of agriculture foreign ... › usda...united states department of...
TRANSCRIPT
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service
Grain: World Markets and Trade
Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board/USDA For email subscription, click here to register:
https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAFAS/subscriber/new
September 2019
Large Global Barley Production Drives Prices Down Barley harvest is largely complete for Northern Hemisphere countries. Crops for Canada, the European Union, Russia, and Ukraine are larger than a year ago, contributing to sharply higher global production for 2019/20, the largest since 2008/09. Harvest in the Southern Hemisphere countries, mainly Argentina and Australia, is still a few months away, although Australia’s prospects are lowered this month. Prospects of large exportable supplies have already driven export prices down 25 percent ($60 per ton) from a year ago. Note the high prices for Australia are likely a function of current crop expectations. Growth in import demand, nevertheless, is expected to be limited due to developments in the top importing countries. Saudi Arabia has been shifting away from feeding raw barley to using manufactured feed in feed rations to improve feed efficiency. China’s imports from its top supplier, Australia, have slowed down amid the ongoing antidumping investigation. Any growth in feed use in China will likely be constrained by animal losses from African Swine Fever. Saudi Arabia and China combined account for 60 percent of global barley imports. Moreover, abundant supplies of corn in the global market will also heighten competition in feed demand, as corn is priced much lower than feed barley and generally considered to be of higher energy value in feed rations.
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Mill
ion
tons
Global Barley Production to Rise
150170190210230250270290310330
4/2/
2018
5/2/
2018
6/2/
2018
7/2/
2018
8/2/
2018
9/2/
2018
10/2
/201
8
11/2
/201
8
12/2
/201
8
1/2/
2019
2/2/
2019
3/2/
2019
4/2/
2019
5/2/
2019
6/2/
2019
7/2/
2019
8/2/
2019
9/2/
2019
Barley Export Prices ($ per ton)
Argentina Feed Australia Feed, Adelaide
Black Sea Feed EU Feed, Hamburg
Table of Contents
World Markets and Trade: Commodities and Data WHEAT ....................................................................................................... 3 RICE ........................................................................................................... 8 COARSE GRAINS .................................................................................... 11 ENDNOTES .............................................................................................. 14 DATA TABLES ......................................................................................... 17 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution (PSD) database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 12:00 p.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. This circular is released by 12:15 p.m. To download the tables in the publication, go to Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online): scroll down to Reports, and then click Grains. FAS Reports and Databases:
Current World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports Archived World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online) Global Agricultural Trade System (U.S. Exports and Imports) Export Sales Report Global Agricultural Information Network (Agricultural Attaché Reports) Other USDA Reports: World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) Economic Research Service National Agricultural Statistics Service
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 2 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
WHEAT
WHEAT PRICES
Domestic: Prices for most classes of U.S. wheat fell during the month of August, pressured by advancing Northern Hemisphere wheat harvests and weakness in corn prices. Hard Red Winter (HRW) plummeted $16/ton to $196, while Soft Red Winter (SRW) dropped $11/ton to $201. Hard Red Spring (HRS) and Soft White Winter (SWW) fell $9/ton each to $219 and $222, respectively. SWW remains the most expensive of the four quoted classes thanks to steady demand from buyers in Asia as well as tight supplies in Australia, the main competitor for that wheat class.
OVERVIEW FOR 2019/20 Global production is lowered this month as smaller crops in Australia and the Black Sea countries more than offset larger crops in the European Union and India. Global trade is lowered, driven by weaker demand in several key Asian markets as well as in Mexico. Smaller projected exports for Argentina, Australia, and Kazakhstan more than offset higher trade for Canada and the European Union. The projected U.S. season-average farm price is lowered $0.20 per bushel to $4.80.
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
$/M
T
U.S. Daily FOB Export Bids
HRW SRW SWW HRS
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 3 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Global: Overall, most exporter prices dipped during the month of August, pressured by the ongoing wheat harvests in major Northern Hemisphere exporters. U.S. HRW showed the steepest drop based on larger-than-expected supplies as reported in the August NASS Crop Production report as well as weakness in U.S. corn markets. EU prices declined $8/ton on the advancing harvests in major wheat-producing countries, particularly France. Black Sea wheat declined only $7/ton as dry conditions in Russia have reduced yields. Argentina prices fell as well but remain uncompetitive based on seasonally tight supplies. On the other hand, Australia wheat prices rose as dry conditions are once again impacting yield prospects.
Month Ending Argentina Australia Black Sea EU US August $229 $250 $188 $184 $196 July $243 $248 $195 $192 $212 June $245 $266 $197 $215 $227
Month Ending Prices for Major Wheat Exporters Source: IGC *Note on FOB prices: Argentina- 12.0%, up river; Australia- average of APW; Fremantle, Newcastle, and Port Adelaide; Black Sea- milling; EU- France grade 1, Rouen; US- HRW 11.5% Gulf
International Daily FOB Export Bids
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
$/M
T
Argentina Australia Black Sea millingCanada EU United States
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 4 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
FEATURES Amid Record Wheat Production, Middle East Import Demand Lowered Production across the Middle East is projected at a record high in 2019/20. The largest year-to-year production increases in the region were for Iran, Iraq, and Syria1. Yields in all three countries rebounded to record levels with much higher rainfall totals. Also contributing to the region’s higher production is Saudi Arabia, where wheat production has surged as a result of changing policy. Previously, the government had in place an almost complete ban on wheat production to conserve water, but has more recently rescinded that policy in recognition of lower water use for wheat relative to forages2. Turkey, which has production unchanged from last year’s bumper crop, continues to be the top producer in the region. Interestingly, the higher Middle East production has outpaced the growth in consumption resulting in imports forecast at their lowest level in 3 years. The largest reduction in import demand is for Iraq with its larger crop. Projected imports are also lower for Iran and Syria for the same reason. With abundant domestic supplies, Turkey’s imports are projected lower, but would still be the second-highest on record. Import demand there is expected to remain strong as Turkey’s Inward Processing Regime continues to provide an economic incentive to import wheat for the purposes of exporting flour. Yemen has become an increasingly important market for Turkey’s flour exports. This is expected to continue as Yemen’s imports are projected unchanged in 2019/20. Iran’s wheat import ban remains in place, with exceptions made if the wheat is used to re-export as flour. Iran’s imports and exports are both expected to be relatively small in 2019/20. 1 For further information on crop production, please see the Commodity Intelligence Reports for Iraq and Syria. 2 For further information on Saudi Arabia’s wheat production policy, please see Saudi Arabia’s Grain and Feed Annual report.
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
Mill
ion
MT
Gap Eases Between Middle East Production and Consumption
Consumption Production
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Mill
ion
MT
Middle East Imports Lower
Turkey Yemen Iraq Saudi Arabia Iran Others
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 5 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Philippines Wheat Imports Surge on Growing Food and Feed Demand
The Philippines is the world’s third largest wheat importer, with imports more than doubling since 2013/14 as food and feed demand soar alongside its expanding population and developing economy. The United States continues to be the largest supplier; however, imports from Australia, Ukraine, and Russia have grown substantially. Consumption of wheat-based products, mainly bread and noodles, has surged in recent years. A competitive domestic milling sector and changing tastes and preferences have resulted in a gradual shift from rice consumption to wheat. U.S. exports to the Philippines have not only benefitted from growing demand, but also from lower competition from Turkey. Since 2014, anti-dumping duties on Turkish flour shipments have helped the United States to maintain a majority share of the milling market. As the livestock industry continues to expand and modernize, imported feed wheat has become an integral ingredient in feed rations in addition to domestically grown corn. Since 2008/09, demand for feed wheat has nearly quadrupled, providing a growing market for lower-priced supplies from Ukraine and Russia. However, rising regional concerns for the spread of animal disease have potential to impact feed imports.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2007/08 2009/10 2011/12 2013/14 2015/16 2017/18 2019/20 (f)
MM
T
United States Ukraine/Russia Australia Rest of the World
0.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.0
MMTFood and Feed Demand
Food, Seed, and Industrial Feed and Residual
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 6 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
TRADE CHANGES IN 2019/20 (1,000 MT) Country Attribute Previous Current Change Reason
Argentina Exports 14,500 14,000 -500 Uncompetitive nearby prices and slowing MY 2018/19 shipments
Australia Exports 12,000 10,000 -2,000 Smaller crop
Canada Exports 24,000 24,500 500 Larger-than-expected carryin stocks
European Union
Exports 26,500 27,500 1,000 Bigger crop, competitive export prices, and fast early season shipment pace
Kazakhstan Exports 6,500 5,200 -1,300 Smaller crop
Bangladesh Imports 6,500 6,000 -500 Tighter Australia supplies
China Imports 3,500 3,200 -300 Tighter Australia supplies
Indonesia Imports 11,500 11,000 -500 Reduced demand in light of weaker 2018/19 trade
Mexico Imports 5,500 5,300 -200 Slowing demand in light of sluggish economic conditions3
Vietnam Imports 4,000 3,700 -300 Continuing SPS issues
TRADE CHANGES IN 2018/19 (1,000 MT) Changes Based on Trade Data Country Attribute Previous Current Change
European Union Exports 23,600 23,310 -290
Kazakhstan Exports 8,500 8,300 -200
Ethiopia Imports 1,300 900 -400
Indonesia Imports 11,200 10,780 -420
Nigeria Imports 4,800 4,585 -215
Uzbekistan Imports 3,200 2,837 -363
3 For more information, see Mexico’s Grain and Feed Update report.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 7 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
RICE
RICE PRICES Global: Over the past month, export quotes for Thailand and Vietnam diverged further. Thai quotes climbed to $422/ton on tighter exportable supplies, while Viet prices plunged to $321/ton. Meanwhile, Indian and Pakistani quotes nearly converged in the middle of Thai and Viet values at $370/ton and $360/ton, respectively. In contrast, U.S. values rose to $555/ton on reduced prospects for new-crop supplies, and Uruguay quotes remained constant at $528/ton.
OVERVIEW FOR 2019/20 Global rice production is down significantly this month, primarily on lower production for India and the United States. Global trade is lowered, with reduced imports forecast for China and lower exports for Thailand, India, and the United States. Global stocks are down on lower production. OVERVIEW FOR 2018/19 Global rice production is again forecast at a record, as lower forecasts for Brazil and Thailand are more than offset by a larger crop in India. Global trade is down with lower exports for Thailand, India, and Cambodia more than offsetting higher exports from China. Egypt’s exports are slightly higher.
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
9/8/2015 9/8/2016 9/8/2017 9/8/2018 9/8/2019
$/MTWeekly Price Quotes: Last 4 Years
U.S. #2/4 (long-grain) THAI 100BVIETNAM 5% INDIA 5%PAKISTAN 5% URUGUAY 5%
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 8 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
MARKET FEATURE China Rice Exports Continue to Soar, Compete with U.S. Medium Grain Medium grain rice, also known as japonica, comprises a relatively small portion of global rice trade, and has historically been served primarily by exports from Australia and the United States (and to a lesser extent, Egypt). Medium grain represents close to 30 percent of the rice grown in the United States, yet claims a larger share of U.S. rice exports by value. U.S. medium grain exports peaked in 2011 at 860,000 tons, but in 2018 dropped to 550,000 tons, the lowest since 2007. The primary markets for U.S. medium grain rice in 2018 were Japan, Jordan, Canada, South Korea, and Taiwan, with Japan and South Korea importing to fulfill their WTO obligations. Meanwhile, in the past few years China has emerged as a major rice exporter as it seeks to sell off excessive supplies. China’s medium grain exports have been entering many of the markets that were previously importing from the United States, such as Turkey, as well as current U.S. markets including Japan, Jordan, and Libya, and the United States itself in Puerto Rico. Prices are a significant motivation; while U.S. medium grain is a premium at $925/ton, Chinese medium grain prices are half of that. Other medium grain exporters have been fading out of the market on low supplies (Australia) or have almost completely disappeared (Egypt). If China’s rice exports increase further, this trend has potential to continue.
China's Top Medium Grain Exports by Destination, Jan.-Jul. 2019
Egypt Turkey Papua New Guinea
Libya Korea, North Sierra Leone
Puerto Rico (U.S.) Cote d Ivoire Senegal
Congo, Dem. Rep.
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
2018 Jan. - Jul. 2019
MM
T
China and U.S. Medium Grain Exports
China United States
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 9 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
TRADE CHANGES IN 2020 (1,000 MT) Country Attribute Previous Current Change Reason
China Imports 3,300 3,100 -200 Abundant domestic supplies and reduced demand for imported rice
China Exports 3,500 3,600 100 Expectations of continued competitiveness
India Exports 12,000 11,800 -200 Significantly reduced crop size restricting exportable supplies
Thailand Exports 9,500 9,000 -500 Smaller crop
TRADE CHANGES IN 2019 (1,000 MT) Country Attribute Previous Current Change Reason Egypt Imports 800 900 100 Larger purchases from China Cambodia Exports 1,300 1,200 -100 Smaller sales to the EU
China Exports 3,000 3,300 300
Low prices driving strong shipments to date, especially to the Middle East and Africa
India Exports 11,800 11,600 -200 Slower pace of shipments to date
Thailand Exports 9,000 8,700 -300 Strengthening of the Thai baht has reduced competitiveness
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 10 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
COARSE GRAINS
CORN PRICES
Global: Since the August WASDE, major exporters’ bids have all dropped, reflecting abundant supplies. Argentine bids are down $23/ton to $140 and Brazilian bids are down $21/ton to $151. Black Sea bids have fallen $32/ton to $155. U.S. bids have dropped $29/ton to $156 as sales and shipments remain weak in the face of strong competition. Although forecast greater exportable supplies have depressed prices, the spread against Brazilian bids has narrowed from last month with the approach of harvest in the United States.
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
$/M
T
Selected Export Bids
Argentina Brazil US Black SeaSource: IGC
OVERVIEW FOR 2019/20 Global corn production is forecast down with smaller crops for the United States and Ukraine. Global trade is little changed from last month. The U.S. season-average farm price is unchanged at $3.60 per bushel. OVERVIEW FOR 2018/19 Global corn production is slightly lower this month driven by India and Paraguay. Global trade is up with higher imports for the European Union and Iran more than offsetting lower imports by Mexico. For exports, Brazil is up reflecting record shipments in August. U.S. exports are cut based on sales and shipments observed through early September. The U.S. season-average farm price is unchanged at $3.60 per bushel.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 11 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
MARKET FEATURE China’s Sorghum and Barley Balance Sheet Revised
This month, China’s Supply and Demand balance sheets for sorghum and barley are revised to incorporate the revisions by China’s National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). In August, the NBS released revised area, yield, and production estimates for sorghum and barley from 2007/08 through 2017/18 based on its most recent agricultural census. For sorghum, the NBS revision takes away a cumulative 4.6 million tons in production for the 10-year period. For barley, the revision removes a cumulative 2.3 million tons in production for the period. With substantial reductions in supply, total consumption in both categories - food, seed, industrial use as well as feed and residual use - are adjusted slightly lower, reflecting relatively strong demand at the time. Ending stocks fall lower on smaller production and this relatively strong use. The magnitude of the revision appears significant for both sorghum and barley. However, the revision has little impact on supply and use for coarse grains (corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye) because corn is the largest and most commonly produced and used crop. Sorghum and barley combined account for only about 2 percent of coarse grain production and 5 percent of coarse grain use.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
MM
T
Combined Sorghum and Barley Production
NEW OLD
0
5
10
15
20
25
MM
T
Combined Sorghum and Barley Consumption
NEW OLD
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 12 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
TRADE CHANGES IN 2019/20 (1,000 MT) Country Commodity Attribute Previous Current Change Reason Australia Barley Exports 5,000 4,500 -500 Smaller crop
Canada Oats Exports 2,000 1,800 -200 Smaller shipments in July and August
Iran Barley Imports 3,000 3,200 200 Expected purchases from Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan Barley Exports 1,600 1,800 200 Larger crop Russia Barley Exports 5,400 5,600 200 Larger crop Ukraine Barley Exports 4,400 4,800 400 Larger crop
TRADE CHANGES IN 2018/19 (1,000 MT) Country Commodity Attribute Previous Current Change Reason
Brazil Corn Exports 37,500 39,500 2,000 Record August shipments at competitive prices
European Union
Corn Imports 23,500 24,000 500 Trade to date Barley Imports 150 450 300 Trade to date
Iran Corn Imports 9,500 10,000 500 Reflects large purchases from Brazil
Mexico Corn Imports 17,000 16,700 -300 Trade to date
United States Corn Exports 51,000 50,500 -500 Smaller- than-anticipated August inspections data
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 13 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
ENDNOTES REGIONAL TABLES North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela EU: Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar, Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Taiwan South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 14 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
OTHER NOTES Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period at the onset of the main harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2016/17 starts in 2016); except for summer grains in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second year begins the LMY (2016/17 starts in 2017). Key exporter LMY’s are:
Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Russia (Oct/Sep) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) European Union (Jul/Jun) Ukraine (Oct/Sep) Russia (Jul/Jun) India (Apr/Mar) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) United States (Jun/May) Russia (Jul/Jun) Turkey (Jun/May) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) United States (Jun/May)
For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website (https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/): go to Reports, Reference Data, and then Data Availability. Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in time. Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however, reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only. Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year. EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent the European Union (Croatia plus the former EU-27) and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through 1998/99, figures are the EU-15 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-15 member states' data for grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10, plus Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia, exists only prior to 1999/00. Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains. Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries, and trade to countries outside the USDA database.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 15 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
The Global Commodity Analysis Division, Office of Global Analysis, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington, DC 20250, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information. Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) 720-3448. Note: For further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production September 2019. This circular is available in its entirety on the Internet via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home Page. The address is: http://www.fas.usda.gov
Andrew Sowell (202) 720-0262 [email protected] Wheat Jennifer Lance (202) 690-2208 [email protected] Wheat Nicole Podesta (202) 720-8252 [email protected] Rice Yoonhee Macke (202) 690-4199 [email protected] Coarse Grains Kevin Min (202) 720-0626 [email protected] Coarse Grains
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 16 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
DATA TABLES
Page Intentionally Left Blank
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 17 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
All Grain Summary Comparison
Million Metric Tons
Marketing Year
Wheat Rice, Milled Corn
2019/202018/192017/182019/202018/192017/182019/202018/192017/18
Production
United States (Jun-May) 47.4 51.3 53.9 5.7 7.1 5.9 371.1 366.3 350.5
Other 714.9 679.5 711.6 489.2 491.8 488.3 707.0 755.9 754.4
World Total 762.3 730.8 765.5 494.9 498.9 494.2 1,078.1 1,122.2 1,104.9
Domestic Consumption
United States (Jun-May) 29.3 30.2 32.6 4.3 4.6 4.2 314.0 306.8 306.2
Other 711.0 702.8 719.6 477.5 484.2 487.8 777.3 813.3 821.5
World Total 740.3 733.0 752.2 481.8 488.8 492.0 1,091.3 1,120.1 1,127.7
Ending Stocks
United States (Jun-May) 29.9 29.2 27.6 0.9 1.4 1.1 54.4 62.1 55.6
Other 252.0 248.0 258.9 161.3 170.4 171.6 285.2 267.4 250.7
World Total 281.9 277.2 286.5 162.2 171.8 172.7 339.6 329.5 306.3
TY Imports
United States (Jun-May) 4.4 3.5 3.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.3
Other 174.7 166.4 173.1 44.7 43.1 42.9 148.6 163.9 168.2
World Total 179.1 169.9 176.9 45.6 44.0 43.8 149.4 164.7 169.5
TY Exports
United States (Jun-May) 23.2 26.1 26.5 2.8 3.0 3.1 63.7 50.5 55.0
Other 160.0 147.7 153.3 44.8 43.0 43.1 89.1 121.3 117.8
World Total 183.2 173.8 179.8 47.6 46.0 46.2 152.8 171.8 172.8
Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and
exports and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere.Marketing years for U.S. grains are:
Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug).'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat
only.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 18 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade
July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
TY Exports
14,00014,50012,50013,94512,2758,750 Argentina
10,00012,0009,84115,51222,06115,780 Australia
24,50024,00024,47721,98920,23522,118 Canada
1,3001,3001,0061,004748729 China
27,50026,50023,31023,28927,43934,760 European Union
5,2006,5008,3008,6007,2507,600 Kazakhstan
34,00034,00035,84541,41927,80925,543 Russia
1,2001,2001,0788401,077907 Serbia
6,5006,5006,2156,2186,1775,605 Turkey
19,50019,50016,01917,77518,10717,431 Ukraine
9,5969,5969,0949,3819,76810,918 Others
153,296155,596147,685159,972152,946150,141 Subtotal
26,50026,50026,06923,22629,31821,817 United States
179,796182,096173,754183,198182,264171,958 World Total
none
TY Imports
3,0003,0003,7003,3002,7002,700 Afghanistan
7,0007,0007,5158,1728,4148,153 Algeria
6,0006,5004,8176,1505,5564,720 Bangladesh
7,5007,5007,4426,7027,7885,922 Brazil
3,2003,5003,1493,9364,4103,476 China
2,0002,0001,7031,9572,1102,032 Colombia
12,50012,50012,34412,40711,17511,925 Egypt
5,5005,5005,7625,8245,2996,928 European Union
11,00011,50010,78010,51610,17610,045 Indonesia
3,2003,2003,8634,1082,4462,218 Iraq
5,9005,9005,7265,8765,9115,715 Japan
2,1002,1001,7002,1571,7741,634 Kenya
4,1004,1003,9084,2694,6674,420 Korea, South
5,3005,5004,8615,2455,3704,805 Mexico
4,8004,8003,7243,6725,3444,496 Morocco
5,1005,1004,5855,0854,9724,410 Nigeria
2,1002,1002,1092,0301,9611,879 Peru
7,4007,4007,5455,9875,7044,918 Philippines
3,2003,2002,8883,4403,7162,931 Saudi Arabia
2,5002,6002,2202,5782,4582,021 Sudan
3,1003,1002,8993,1734,0644,691 Thailand
6,0006,0006,4915,9164,5533,979 Turkey
3,0003,1002,8373,1192,5962,662 Uzbekistan
3,7004,0003,1414,6555,5353,070 Vietnam
3,4003,4003,3313,0093,2783,332 Yemen
50,54150,75147,34951,47154,20151,877 Others
173,141175,351166,389174,754176,178164,959 Subtotal
2,8552,9453,8624,0692,7933,944 Unaccounted
3,8003,8003,5034,3753,2933,055 United States
179,796182,096173,754183,198182,264171,958 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 19 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
Production
20,50020,50019,50018,50018,40011,300 Argentina
19,00021,00017,29820,94131,81922,275 Australia
5,3005,3005,4284,2646,7305,540 Brazil
33,30033,30032,20130,37732,14027,647 Canada
132,000132,000131,430134,334133,271132,639 China
8,7708,7708,4508,4508,1008,100 Egypt
151,000150,000136,863151,125145,369160,480 European Union
102,190101,20099,87098,51087,00086,527 India
16,80016,80014,50014,00014,50014,500 Iran
11,50013,00013,94714,80214,98513,748 Kazakhstan
25,60025,60025,10026,60025,63325,086 Pakistan
72,50073,00071,68585,16772,52961,044 Russia
19,00019,00019,00021,00017,25019,500 Turkey
28,70029,20025,05726,98126,79127,274 Ukraine
6,8006,8006,0006,9006,9406,965 Uzbekistan
58,67758,71253,22052,92852,01959,419 Others
711,637714,182679,549714,879693,476682,044 Subtotal
53,89253,89251,28747,38062,83256,117 United States
765,529768,074730,836762,259756,308738,161 World Total
none
Total Consumption
10,85010,85010,75010,45010,35010,250 Algeria
12,20012,20012,10012,00012,20011,100 Brazil
9,6009,3008,5409,27910,6677,988 Canada
128,000128,000125,000121,000119,000117,500 China
20,40020,40020,10019,80019,40019,200 Egypt
127,500127,500123,200130,400128,000129,850 European Union
98,00098,00095,62995,67797,12088,548 India
10,70011,20010,60010,60010,0009,100 Indonesia
16,40016,40016,10015,90016,25016,100 Iran
10,80010,80010,70010,50010,2009,800 Morocco
25,40025,40025,30025,00024,50024,400 Pakistan
39,50040,00040,50043,00040,00037,000 Russia
18,10018,10018,10018,00017,40018,000 Turkey
9,4009,7008,8009,80010,30012,200 Ukraine
9,60010,0009,6009,7009,3009,350 Uzbekistan
173,161174,076167,764169,907168,465160,655 Others
723,652725,557705,236713,306707,028684,233 Subtotal
32,60432,60430,21629,25031,86531,943 United States
756,256758,161735,452742,556738,893716,176 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
5,8345,1206,1846,4796,9315,178 Canada
145,668145,968139,768131,195114,92996,996 China
11,59411,24210,09413,97910,71915,490 European Union
20,70219,71216,99213,2309,80014,540 India
6,1366,1366,2368,06610,41611,166 Iran
7,3057,4637,83012,04310,8305,607 Russia
5,4545,4545,0544,1381,2893,100 Turkey
56,21456,70555,90362,81565,10466,105 Others
258,907257,800248,061251,945230,018218,182 Subtotal
27,60227,60229,17529,90732,13126,552 United States
286,509285,402277,236281,852262,149244,734 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 20 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Aug
2019/20
Sep
2019/20
TY Imports none
8,371 North America 9,166 10,065 8,814 9,750 9,550
1,834 Central America 1,993 1,909 1,878 2,005 2,015
13,437 South America 16,277 15,321 15,111 15,880 15,930
6,928 European Union - 28 5,299 5,824 5,762 5,500 5,500
1,838 Other Europe 1,986 1,888 1,957 1,910 1,910
7,402 Former Soviet Union - 12 7,243 8,177 8,308 8,320 8,170
24,073 Middle East 22,784 24,964 24,042 23,755 23,730
27,866 North Africa 28,426 27,441 26,841 27,400 27,400
22,767 Sub-Saharan Africa 22,091 25,316 22,033 25,810 25,515
16,226 East Asia 17,355 16,540 15,093 15,925 15,625
8,823 South Asia 15,469 11,408 9,490 10,621 10,121
25,302 Southeast Asia 28,125 26,819 27,160 28,835 28,035
3,147 Others 3,257 3,457 3,403 3,440 3,440
168,014 Total 179,471 179,129 169,892 179,151 176,941
Production none
87,475 North America 98,837 81,251 86,488 90,392 90,392
21,601 South America 28,819 25,699 28,829 29,651 29,601
160,480 European Union - 28 145,369 151,125 136,863 150,000 151,000
4,324 Other Europe 4,737 4,005 4,910 4,745 4,745
117,674 Former Soviet Union - 12 129,997 142,266 123,940 130,515 128,015
42,406 Middle East 38,814 41,560 38,875 46,260 46,260
19,987 North Africa 13,958 19,245 21,000 18,870 18,870
7,694 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,743 7,718 7,999 8,027 8,042
133,972 East Asia 134,738 135,645 132,757 133,397 133,397
119,660 South Asia 120,837 132,263 131,376 134,706 135,696
22,689 Oceania 32,278 21,346 17,668 21,410 19,410
199 Others 181 136 131 101 101
738,161 Total 756,308 762,259 730,836 768,074 765,529
Domestic Consumption none
46,931 North America 50,432 46,229 46,256 49,604 49,704
27,715 South America 28,645 28,813 28,785 29,265 29,435
129,850 European Union - 28 128,000 130,400 123,200 127,500 127,500
4,910 Other Europe 5,025 5,000 5,210 5,170 5,170
77,700 Former Soviet Union - 12 78,550 81,600 77,095 78,595 77,345
58,397 Middle East 58,561 59,423 59,231 61,375 61,280
43,666 North Africa 44,550 45,225 46,100 46,750 46,750
29,084 Sub-Saharan Africa 29,725 31,831 30,346 32,529 32,189
130,782 East Asia 132,915 134,343 137,999 141,110 141,110
128,912 South Asia 139,220 138,287 138,192 141,287 141,087
22,955 Southeast Asia 26,725 26,385 26,325 27,500 26,800
8,500 Oceania 8,835 8,905 10,600 9,965 9,965
3,582 Others 3,834 3,822 3,660 3,880 3,880
712,984 Total 735,017 740,263 732,999 754,530 752,215
Ending Stocks none
32,390 North America 39,938 37,154 35,938 33,300 34,015
3,983 South America 4,717 3,898 5,053 4,872 5,108
15,490 European Union - 28 10,719 13,979 10,094 11,242 11,594
1,597 Other Europe 1,938 1,849 2,263 2,379 2,393
16,750 Former Soviet Union - 12 21,014 20,729 14,858 14,202 14,123
22,633 Middle East 19,599 19,816 16,497 18,047 17,987
16,746 North Africa 14,149 14,788 15,810 14,844 14,645
3,829 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,991 3,356 2,552 3,039 2,915
100,358 East Asia 118,154 134,300 142,429 148,630 148,331
21,026 South Asia 16,656 20,495 21,077 23,672 24,417
5,381 Southeast Asia 5,838 5,249 5,053 5,434 5,223
4,133 Oceania 5,998 5,843 5,224 5,351 5,349
418 Others 438 396 388 390 409
244,734 Total 262,149 281,852 277,236 285,402 286,509
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 21 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Rice Trade
January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
TY Exports
300300340291391527 Argentina
6506508001,245594641 Brazil
2,6002,6002,8002,7503,3501,300 Burma
1,3001,3001,2001,3001,1501,050 Cambodia
3,6003,5003,3002,0581,173368 China
300300300308369270 European Union
510510500414455431 Guyana
11,80012,00011,60011,79112,57310,062 India
4,0004,0004,1003,9133,6474,100 Pakistan
600600650650537557 Paraguay
140140150139175198 Russia
125125115113109145 South Africa
9,0009,5008,70011,05611,6159,867 Thailand
800800800799982996 Uruguay
6,5006,5006,5006,5906,4885,088 Vietnam
9159211,1301,3561,1591,264 Others
43,14043,74642,98544,77344,76736,864 Subtotal
3,1003,1753,0002,7803,3493,343 United States
46,24046,92145,98547,55348,11640,207 World Total
none
TY Imports
540540525490450470 Angola
725725700625550450 Benin
850850700537758786 Brazil
620620600550500420 Burkina
725725700650600500 Cameroon
3,1003,3003,2504,5005,9004,600 China
1,6001,6001,6001,5001,3501,300 Cote d'Ivoire
60060090023090116 Egypt
2,0502,0502,1001,9221,9851,816 European Union
800800800830650700 Ghana
900900850865600650 Guinea
1,1501,1501,2001,2501,4001,100 Iran
1,1501,1501,2001,2001,060930 Iraq
685685685670679685 Japan
800800750700675500 Kenya
1,0001,0001,000800900823 Malaysia
785785770776913731 Mexico
700700675550710625 Mozambique
800800750700535530 Nepal
2,2002,2002,1002,1002,5002,100 Nigeria
2,7002,7003,1002,5001,200800 Philippines
1,3751,3751,3501,2901,1951,260 Saudi Arabia
1,3001,3001,2001,1001,100980 Senegal
1,0501,0501,0001,0711,054958 South Africa
925925850775700670 United Arab Emirates
13,72613,64613,67516,47515,94912,397 Others
42,85642,97643,03044,65644,00336,897 Subtotal
2,4443,0202,0301,9813,3262,543 Unaccounted
940925925916787767 United States
46,24046,92145,98547,55348,11640,207 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. Note about dates: 2017/18 is calendar year 2018, 2016/17 is calendar year 2017, and so on.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 22 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
Milled Production
35,30035,30035,00032,65034,57834,500 Bangladesh
7,1407,2087,1408,2048,3837,210 Brazil
13,30013,30013,17513,20012,65012,160 Burma
5,6885,6885,6335,5545,2564,931 Cambodia
146,000146,000148,490148,873147,766148,499 China
112,000115,000116,420112,760109,698104,408 India
37,40037,40036,70037,00036,85836,200 Indonesia
7,7007,7007,6507,7877,9297,876 Japan
3,8803,8803,8683,9724,1974,327 Korea, South
3,5303,5303,7303,3103,4802,863 Nepal
4,9004,9004,7884,6624,4103,941 Nigeria
7,5007,5007,4007,5006,8496,802 Pakistan
12,20012,20011,73212,23511,68611,008 Philippines
20,50020,50020,34020,57719,20015,800 Thailand
28,30028,30027,92327,65727,40027,584 Vietnam
42,93242,93041,84143,25943,65842,435 Others
488,270491,336491,830489,200483,998470,544 Subtotal
5,9486,5227,1195,6597,1176,131 United States
494,218497,858498,949494,859491,115476,675 World Total
none
Consumption and Residual
35,70035,70035,50035,20035,00035,100 Bangladesh
7,5307,5507,5007,7507,9507,900 Brazil
10,50010,50010,32510,20010,00010,400 Burma
4,4004,4004,3004,2004,0003,900 Cambodia
143,000143,000142,970142,487141,761141,028 China
4,0003,9004,1504,2004,3003,900 Egypt
102,000102,000101,22098,66995,83893,451 India
38,00038,00038,00038,10037,80037,850 Indonesia
8,4808,4808,5568,6008,7308,806 Japan
4,4804,4804,7124,7464,4354,212 Korea, South
4,2804,2804,4303,9804,0103,353 Nepal
7,3007,3007,1006,9006,7006,400 Nigeria
14,60014,60014,10013,25012,90012,900 Philippines
11,20011,00011,20011,00012,0009,100 Thailand
22,00022,00021,50021,50022,00022,500 Vietnam
70,38670,21168,61166,75765,67162,869 Others
489,130490,147484,819477,933479,612465,788 Subtotal
4,1604,3494,5774,2984,2303,590 United States
493,290494,496489,396482,231483,842469,378 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
117,800118,000115,000109,00098,50088,000 China
25,00026,50026,20022,60020,55018,400 India
3,1583,1583,2614,1632,9153,509 Indonesia
1,7941,7941,9492,2282,4102,552 Japan
3,7903,7883,4902,2882,0032,117 Philippines
4,2494,0593,6993,0094,2388,403 Thailand
1,5571,5571,3571,0349671,555 Vietnam
14,24314,30615,41916,99116,57316,334 Others
171,591173,162170,375161,313148,156140,870 Subtotal
1,1361,4991,4249331,4621,475 United States
172,727174,661171,799162,246149,618142,345 World Total
Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 23 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Aug
2019/20
Sep
2019/20
TY Imports none
1,854 North America 2,056 2,075 2,095 2,110 2,125
1,109 Caribbean 1,153 1,068 1,135 1,157 1,157
2,015 South America 1,900 1,969 1,885 2,069 2,069
138 Other Europe 124 111 130 130 130
454 Former Soviet Union - 12 538 549 600 585 585
5,686 Middle East 6,234 6,444 6,425 6,515 6,515
483 North Africa 459 617 1,320 985 1,025
12,183 Sub-Saharan Africa 14,344 14,485 15,260 15,855 15,855
6,097 East Asia 7,487 6,024 4,910 4,925 4,725
945 South Asia 4,057 2,635 1,420 1,260 1,250
3,933 Southeast Asia 3,676 6,805 5,760 5,280 5,280
1,816 European Union 1,985 1,922 2,100 2,050 2,050
37,664 Total 44,790 45,572 43,955 43,901 43,796
Production none
6,287 North America 7,292 5,842 7,309 6,722 6,148
851 Caribbean 989 932 963 918 918
15,763 South America 16,790 16,812 15,552 15,627 15,487
2,050 European Union - 28 2,087 2,007 1,941 2,008 2,008
1,257 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,259 1,225 1,275 1,275 1,275
2,160 Middle East 2,549 2,743 2,623 2,903 2,903
4,044 North Africa 4,837 4,340 2,844 3,089 3,089
16,129 Sub-Saharan Africa 17,588 17,384 18,263 18,625 18,625
163,729 East Asia 162,710 163,567 162,549 160,076 160,076
152,133 South Asia 156,871 158,796 165,852 164,550 161,720
111,409 Southeast Asia 116,821 120,044 119,009 121,264 121,264
476,675 Total 491,115 494,859 498,949 497,858 494,218
Domestic Consumption none
4,817 North America 5,499 5,576 5,884 5,659 5,470
1,278 Central America 1,296 1,311 1,376 1,396 1,396
1,980 Caribbean 2,079 1,957 2,053 2,045 2,045
15,015 South America 15,019 15,115 15,000 15,045 15,010
3,550 European Union - 28 3,600 3,675 3,775 3,800 3,800
1,495 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,566 1,599 1,629 1,650 1,650
8,352 Middle East 8,669 9,099 9,185 9,495 9,495
4,279 North Africa 4,724 4,630 4,604 4,324 4,464
28,116 Sub-Saharan Africa 30,743 31,276 32,848 34,140 34,140
157,483 East Asia 158,111 158,926 159,203 158,890 158,890
138,570 South Asia 141,556 144,707 148,162 149,170 149,320
101,770 Southeast Asia 103,895 103,424 104,506 105,626 105,826
467,259 Total 477,325 481,837 488,751 491,750 492,016
Ending Stocks none
1,602 North America 1,634 1,084 1,575 1,705 1,327
318 Central America 348 312 306 280 262
277 Caribbean 330 363 368 388 388
1,703 South America 1,845 1,821 1,473 1,260 1,230
1,183 European Union - 28 1,192 1,181 1,127 1,085 1,085
1,082 Middle East 1,129 1,129 967 865 865
924 North Africa 1,426 1,563 1,093 833 733
2,814 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,090 2,968 2,906 2,746 2,746
92,626 East Asia 103,262 113,393 118,667 121,313 121,113
21,576 South Asia 23,171 25,840 29,441 29,372 27,872
17,991 Southeast Asia 11,816 12,239 13,670 14,613 14,905
77 Oceania 208 217 40 25 25
142,345 Total 149,618 162,246 171,799 174,661 172,727
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 24 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Coarse Grain Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
TY Exports
36,60536,60535,30527,09626,10525,291 Argentina
5,4756,1754,9657,15610,2586,389 Australia
34,01034,01039,54525,14719,79735,415 Brazil
5,9606,1606,1805,7535,0424,693 Canada
7,8557,8558,3557,8288,19210,979 European Union
1,8851,6852,1151,459859851 Kazakhstan
2,0152,0152,2151,4811,7672,663 Paraguay
10,49010,2908,20011,3799,2588,465 Russia
2,2712,2712,4678782,4491,594 Serbia
34,93534,53533,82521,39226,86821,456 Ukraine
8,4338,4337,81810,8859,7928,294 Others
149,934150,034150,990120,454120,387126,090 Subtotal
57,60557,60553,03568,64461,82259,178 United States
207,539207,639204,025189,098182,209185,268 World Total
none
TY Imports
4,6204,6205,1754,4924,5335,224 Algeria
1,8001,8001,5001,1451,1811,036 Bangladesh
1,7501,7501,7501,5273,1772,123 Brazil
2,7202,6202,4601,9761,5801,721 Chile
14,95015,05011,88016,42516,05517,499 China
6,1056,1055,8555,5095,0134,824 Colombia
1,5001,5001,5001,3291,2941,351 Dominican Republic
10,02010,0209,7309,5418,7958,795 Egypt
21,90521,90525,56519,32315,63314,490 European Union
1,4001,4001,3001,0919511,027 Guatemala
13,70013,50013,20011,60010,0008,300 Iran
2,3402,3401,9752,1451,9401,509 Israel
17,27017,37017,47017,58017,00017,073 Japan
1,9501,8501,7501,4281,5881,713 Jordan
1,4501,4503001,0411,146258 Kenya
10,61010,62510,62510,1929,30810,213 Korea, South
4,1004,1004,0003,6453,5314,122 Malaysia
19,01019,01017,33016,39615,28314,827 Mexico
4,2024,2022,9522,6482,6323,182 Morocco
3,7603,7603,7373,4583,4383,083 Peru
13,51013,51011,71011,69211,82513,992 Saudi Arabia
4,2004,2004,2154,5134,2674,781 Taiwan
1,6001,6001,7501,6351,7451,713 Tunisia
2,8052,8052,7503,3131,712714 Turkey
10,65010,65010,3259,5778,6618,179 Vietnam
21,55621,55623,14919,84122,25124,251 Others
199,483199,298193,953183,062174,539176,000 Subtotal
4,5064,6917,4313,1104,2565,287 Unaccounted
3,5503,6502,6412,9263,4143,981 United States
207,539207,639204,025189,098182,209185,268 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 25 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
Production
57,72958,05959,18439,32048,56938,439 Argentina
11,99612,69610,93412,19117,26712,550 Australia
104,232104,482104,17885,058101,57568,649 Brazil
28,56029,21026,19426,24326,62325,769 Canada
262,475262,475265,405265,719269,895271,076 China
16,30016,30016,50015,92615,64115,731 Ethiopia
157,810156,990147,895152,123152,829152,665 European Union
45,95045,93542,84146,94343,46638,698 India
12,70012,70012,00011,90010,90010,500 Indonesia
33,10033,10032,49933,19133,26232,378 Mexico
19,90019,90019,91919,43919,52419,052 Nigeria
39,37537,87534,99841,71540,76537,427 Russia
14,59814,59812,12813,55218,1178,658 South Africa
14,30114,30113,25112,27110,77614,181 Turkey
46,20046,15044,50334,07139,21733,387 Ukraine
166,920167,146172,905164,825165,707156,684 Others
1,032,1461,031,9171,015,334974,4871,014,133935,844 Subtotal
364,299366,932379,920384,387402,607367,007 United States
1,396,4451,398,8491,395,2541,358,8741,416,7401,302,851 World Total
none
Domestic Consumption
19,65919,93918,50817,46316,04414,221 Argentina
71,95272,15269,88368,18164,03259,823 Brazil
23,06023,36023,67723,23021,97120,909 Canada
293,350293,450287,970282,598274,640249,620 China
17,83817,83817,13816,77916,02715,803 Egypt
16,57516,57516,37516,15315,64215,715 Ethiopia
168,970168,970168,070162,370160,840157,150 European Union
46,06546,06544,71544,76942,37540,201 India
17,82017,72017,02015,82014,52014,020 Iran
17,51117,61117,71417,74617,25217,258 Japan
51,99051,99050,30548,41046,84544,715 Mexico
20,20020,20020,16919,55019,80318,990 Nigeria
28,27527,67527,26731,01532,07529,715 Russia
16,76116,76116,25115,23112,89114,021 Turkey
14,55014,55014,12513,67713,05012,279 Vietnam
270,347270,453266,840259,491258,639249,902 Others
1,096,5471,097,0461,088,4171,050,4171,053,139957,113 Subtotal
319,674320,481319,710324,407327,519312,598 United States
1,416,2211,417,5271,408,1271,374,8241,380,6581,269,711 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
6,8566,9065,3864,0606,6983,268 Argentina
5,8006,7045,8307,88014,4927,010 Brazil
4,0304,0943,4584,5675,5624,971 Canada
196,238196,437212,223222,978223,494212,295 China
15,80815,15612,91816,35115,11415,651 European Union
3,1382,7382,2382,1381,5152,120 Iran
3,5553,8554,9356,1815,9995,835 Mexico
41,36141,09643,00546,73449,71649,414 Others
276,786276,986289,993310,889322,590300,564 Subtotal
59,37359,33965,94257,91962,16848,112 United States
336,159336,325355,935368,808384,758348,676 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 26 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Aug
2019/20
Sep
2019/20
TY Imports none
19,914 North America 19,475 21,159 22,531 23,692 23,592
3,938 Central America 3,799 4,001 4,450 4,550 4,550
2,597 Caribbean 2,659 2,446 2,942 2,940 2,940
13,855 South America 15,059 14,732 15,342 16,070 16,170
14,490 European Union - 28 15,633 19,323 25,565 21,905 21,905
546 Former Soviet Union - 12 827 700 1,047 908 908
29,735 Middle East 30,541 33,562 34,596 37,266 37,566
20,819 North Africa 19,468 19,246 21,257 21,642 21,642
6,057 Sub-Saharan Africa 6,667 3,623 3,486 5,196 5,196
49,600 East Asia 46,723 48,757 44,240 47,295 47,080
15,395 Southeast Asia 14,169 15,529 17,220 17,365 17,365
3,035 Others 2,933 2,910 3,918 4,119 4,119
179,981 Total 177,953 185,988 196,594 202,948 203,033
Production none
425,154 North America 462,492 443,821 438,613 429,242 425,959
122,016 South America 163,989 138,660 177,724 176,938 176,027
152,665 European Union - 28 152,829 152,123 147,895 156,990 157,810
9,294 Other Europe 11,535 7,245 10,322 10,384 10,384
82,805 Former Soviet Union - 12 92,908 88,922 92,976 97,533 99,288
21,738 Middle East 19,047 19,400 19,587 23,314 23,314
12,269 North Africa 9,163 11,463 13,257 12,134 12,134
102,981 Sub-Saharan Africa 118,766 116,365 119,074 113,049 113,049
273,808 East Asia 272,535 268,381 268,117 265,192 265,192
50,626 South Asia 56,497 60,057 56,530 59,857 59,872
31,988 Southeast Asia 34,006 34,740 34,881 36,173 36,073
13,242 Oceania 17,884 12,700 11,524 13,319 12,619
4,265 Others 5,089 4,997 4,754 4,724 4,724
1,302,851 Total 1,416,740 1,358,874 1,395,254 1,398,849 1,396,445
Domestic Consumption none
378,222 North America 396,335 396,047 393,692 395,831 394,724
98,450 South America 103,717 111,310 114,243 118,542 117,931
157,150 European Union - 28 160,840 162,370 168,070 168,970 168,970
8,575 Other Europe 9,050 7,890 8,434 8,588 8,583
53,652 Former Soviet Union - 12 56,546 54,696 50,296 51,741 52,336
51,831 Middle East 51,015 53,349 54,267 58,956 59,156
31,981 North Africa 31,040 31,665 32,873 33,445 33,445
108,109 Sub-Saharan Africa 117,239 116,344 121,876 118,317 118,317
283,996 East Asia 308,094 317,383 323,352 328,764 328,549
53,847 South Asia 56,573 60,465 60,682 62,609 62,609
43,988 Southeast Asia 45,579 47,407 48,750 50,195 50,095
6,435 Oceania 6,760 6,482 6,924 7,346 7,396
10,704 Others 11,377 11,482 12,278 12,486 12,486
1,286,940 Total 1,354,165 1,376,890 1,395,737 1,415,790 1,414,597
Ending Stocks none
58,918 North America 73,729 68,667 74,335 67,288 66,958
13,605 South America 24,662 15,774 14,525 17,239 15,911
15,651 European Union - 28 15,114 16,351 12,918 15,156 15,808
963 Other Europe 1,713 886 1,184 1,509 1,497
6,303 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,870 5,840 5,616 5,072 5,692
9,156 Middle East 6,232 6,707 5,940 7,084 7,484
5,982 North Africa 3,715 3,316 4,127 4,508 4,508
10,324 Sub-Saharan Africa 12,759 12,281 11,290 8,758 8,758
216,657 East Asia 227,633 227,356 216,291 200,153 199,954
3,101 South Asia 4,185 5,012 2,985 2,759 2,764
5,157 Southeast Asia 3,990 2,913 3,258 3,654 3,666
1,619 Oceania 2,746 2,391 2,299 2,265 2,279
1,240 Others 1,410 1,314 1,167 880 880
348,676 Total 384,758 368,808 355,935 336,325 336,159
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 27 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Corn Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
TY Exports
33,50033,50032,00024,20022,95121,679 Argentina
34,00034,00039,50025,14219,79435,382 Brazil
1,5001,5002,1001,9731,5441,767 Canada
2,0002,0003,3001,7492,1891,953 European Union
1,5001,5008009581,5391,559 Mexico
2,0002,0002,2001,4761,7572,662 Paraguay
4,7004,7003,0005,5325,5894,691 Russia
2,2002,2002,4008192,4141,560 Serbia
1,5001,5001,0002,3611,816759 South Africa
30,00030,00029,50018,03621,33416,595 Ukraine
4,9354,9355,5386,8755,7155,575 Others
117,835117,835121,33889,12186,64294,182 Subtotal
55,00055,00050,50063,66855,61851,056 United States
172,835172,835171,838152,789142,260145,238 World Total
none
TY Imports
4,5004,5004,8004,0463,9894,329 Algeria
1,8001,8001,5001,1451,1811,036 Bangladesh
1,0001,0001,1009432,4391,566 Brazil
1,0001,0002,5001,767686958 Canada
2,6002,5002,3001,8931,4841,539 Chile
7,0007,0005,0003,4562,4643,174 China
5,7005,7005,5005,2014,7544,458 Colombia
1,5001,5001,5001,3291,2941,351 Dominican Republic
10,00010,0009,7009,4648,7738,722 Egypt
21,00021,00024,00018,46514,97314,008 European Union
1,4001,4001,3001,0919511,027 Guatemala
10,50010,50010,0008,9007,8006,600 Iran
2,0002,0001,7001,8611,5391,156 Israel
15,60015,60015,80015,66815,16915,204 Japan
1,3001,3001509001,000200 Kenya
10,50010,50010,50010,0189,22010,121 Korea, South
4,1004,1004,0003,6453,5314,122 Malaysia
18,50018,50016,70016,12914,61413,957 Mexico
3,0003,0002,8002,2832,2212,224 Morocco
3,6003,6003,6003,4023,2692,985 Peru
5,5005,5004,5003,9833,4213,583 Saudi Arabia
4,1004,1004,1004,4104,1634,656 Taiwan
1,1001,1001,1009611,2441,017 Tunisia
2,7002,7002,4002,7151,421567 Turkey
10,50010,50010,2009,4008,5008,100 Vietnam
17,66317,66317,23515,53617,88019,748 Others
168,163168,063163,985148,611137,980136,408 Subtotal
3,3723,4727,1033,3402,8297,048 Unaccounted
1,3001,3007508381,4511,782 United States
172,835172,835171,838152,789142,260145,238 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 28 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
Production
50,00050,00051,00032,00041,00029,500 Argentina
101,000101,000101,00082,00098,50067,000 Brazil
14,00014,00013,88514,09513,88913,680 Canada
254,000254,000257,330259,071263,613264,992 China
7,2007,2006,8006,4006,0006,000 Egypt
8,0008,0008,3008,0007,8477,882 Ethiopia
64,80064,80064,21762,02261,88458,748 European Union
29,00029,00027,23028,75325,90022,567 India
12,70012,70012,00011,90010,90010,500 Indonesia
27,00027,00026,70027,56927,57525,971 Mexico
11,00011,00011,00011,00010,41510,562 Nigeria
8,1008,1007,6088,0848,0876,966 Philippines
13,00013,00011,41513,20115,30513,168 Russia
14,00014,00011,50013,10417,5518,214 South Africa
36,00036,50035,80524,11527,96923,333 Ukraine
104,560104,845110,094105,670103,99699,614 Others
754,360755,145755,884706,984740,431668,697 Subtotal
350,515353,093366,287371,096384,778345,506 United States
1,104,8751,108,2381,122,1711,078,0801,125,2091,014,203 World Total
none
Total Consumption
15,00015,00013,80012,40011,2009,300 Argentina
68,00068,00066,00064,50060,50057,500 Brazil
13,70013,70014,70014,01512,94912,029 Canada
277,000277,000273,000263,000255,000229,000 China
16,90016,90016,20015,90015,10014,850 Egypt
82,50082,50087,50076,50074,00073,500 European Union
29,00029,00028,50026,70024,90023,550 India
13,40013,40012,90012,40012,30012,100 Indonesia
11,40011,40010,8009,8009,3008,800 Iran
15,60015,60015,80015,60015,20015,200 Japan
10,60010,60010,55010,0009,43510,123 Korea, South
45,50045,50043,90042,50040,40037,300 Mexico
11,40011,40011,30011,10010,90010,600 Nigeria
12,30012,30012,20012,23012,66310,970 South Africa
14,40014,40014,00013,50012,90012,200 Vietnam
184,781184,981182,068177,155170,013165,045 Others
821,945822,245825,329775,902771,700683,000 Subtotal
306,212306,847306,846313,981313,828298,845 United States
1,128,1571,129,0921,132,1751,089,8831,085,528981,845 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
5,5905,5904,0852,8805,2731,448 Argentina
5,4886,3135,4887,48814,0196,769 Brazil
195,815195,815211,835222,525223,017212,017 China
2,4212,4212,1311,8411,8872,224 Egypt
8,5528,5527,2529,8357,5976,929 European Union
2,8493,1494,3495,6495,4095,159 Mexico
2,2722,2721,9722,6723,6951,096 South Africa
27,66028,21030,31832,29432,20431,908 Others
250,647252,322267,430285,184293,101267,550 Subtotal
55,61855,40262,11754,36758,25344,123 United States
306,265307,724329,547339,551351,354311,673 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 29 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Aug
2019/20
Sep
2019/20
TY Imports none
16,697 North America 16,751 18,734 19,950 20,800 20,800
3,938 Central America 3,799 4,001 4,450 4,550 4,550
12,462 South America 13,719 13,566 13,930 14,545 14,645
14,008 European Union - 28 14,973 18,465 24,000 21,000 21,000
356 Former Soviet Union - 12 367 440 569 453 453
14,890 Middle East 16,944 20,423 21,450 23,700 23,700
16,873 North Africa 16,906 17,246 19,150 19,200 19,200
5,408 Sub-Saharan Africa 5,902 2,816 2,708 4,303 4,303
33,189 East Asia 31,109 33,599 35,450 37,250 37,250
15,281 Southeast Asia 13,968 15,183 16,755 17,005 17,005
2,597 Caribbean 2,657 2,446 2,940 2,940 2,940
2,491 Others 2,336 2,530 3,383 3,617 3,617
138,190 Total 139,431 149,449 164,735 169,363 169,463
Production none
385,157 North America 426,242 412,760 406,872 394,093 391,515
108,837 South America 150,633 125,846 163,788 162,706 162,521
58,748 European Union - 28 61,884 62,022 64,217 64,800 64,800
7,447 Other Europe 9,452 5,376 8,663 8,370 8,370
40,267 Former Soviet Union - 12 47,988 42,271 52,539 54,430 53,930
7,789 Middle East 7,283 7,028 7,487 7,813 7,813
6,096 North Africa 6,130 6,523 6,951 7,321 7,321
63,036 Sub-Saharan Africa 72,859 74,321 72,368 69,593 69,593
267,431 East Asia 265,949 261,417 259,739 256,407 256,407
33,218 South Asia 37,764 40,878 40,001 41,821 41,821
3,336 Central America 3,911 3,878 3,598 3,598 3,598
31,693 Southeast Asia 33,716 34,450 34,591 35,883 35,783
1,148 Others 1,398 1,310 1,357 1,403 1,403
1,014,203 Total 1,125,209 1,078,080 1,122,171 1,108,238 1,104,875
Domestic Consumption none
348,174 North America 367,177 370,496 365,446 366,047 365,412
87,971 South America 92,273 99,398 102,555 106,180 106,180
73,500 European Union - 28 74,000 76,500 87,500 82,500 82,500
6,542 Other Europe 6,947 5,857 6,503 6,465 6,465
19,687 Former Soviet Union - 12 20,681 19,265 19,637 19,953 19,853
23,522 Middle East 24,513 27,036 28,575 30,750 30,750
22,990 North Africa 23,290 24,400 24,800 26,100 26,100
67,392 Sub-Saharan Africa 71,097 73,308 74,778 73,778 73,778
260,967 East Asia 286,087 295,227 306,100 309,950 309,950
35,634 South Asia 37,897 41,276 43,495 44,385 44,385
43,584 Southeast Asia 45,097 46,777 48,000 49,550 49,450
7,180 Central America 7,540 7,830 8,180 8,340 8,340
3,769 Others 3,989 3,911 4,495 4,530 4,530
1,000,912 Total 1,060,588 1,091,281 1,120,064 1,128,528 1,127,693
Ending Stocks none
51,732 North America 66,236 62,433 68,568 60,468 60,369
11,209 South America 22,447 13,941 12,580 15,211 14,026
6,929 European Union - 28 7,597 9,835 7,252 8,552 8,552
849 Other Europe 1,464 689 1,000 1,298 1,280
2,638 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,110 2,489 2,764 2,529 2,129
2,729 Middle East 2,325 2,681 2,898 3,271 3,571
2,988 North Africa 2,555 2,457 2,848 3,259 3,259
7,778 Sub-Saharan Africa 10,214 10,343 9,226 7,094 7,094
215,956 East Asia 226,775 226,575 215,644 199,331 199,331
2,388 South Asia 3,149 3,798 2,274 2,085 2,015
5,151 Southeast Asia 3,979 2,902 3,247 3,643 3,655
889 Central America 1,056 1,054 907 700 700
437 Others 447 354 339 283 284
311,673 Total 351,354 339,551 329,547 307,724 306,265
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 30 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Barley Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
TY Exports
3,0003,0003,1002,6002,6962,836 Argentina
4,5005,0004,3006,0889,1925,401 Australia
2,5002,5002,3001,8681,8091,147 Canada
5,5005,5004,7005,8575,6838,644 European Union
1,8001,6002,0001,411821776 Kazakhstan
5,6005,4004,8005,6613,6263,735 Russia
707065573333 Serbia
1001003011140 Turkey
4,8004,4004,1003,1885,3374,673 Ukraine
1001001001211142 Uruguay
686884105168111 Others
28,03827,73825,57926,85829,49027,398 Subtotal
7070100102125161 United States
28,10827,80825,67926,96029,61527,559 World Total
none
TY Imports
150150180541137 Belarus
750750650584737551 Brazil
7,0007,0006,0008,1448,1045,869 China
350350300251258301 Colombia
400400450231447315 European Union
200200808932567 India
3,2003,0003,2002,7002,2001,700 Iran
300300220234376319 Israel
1,1001,1001,1001,2531,1971,154 Japan
1,1001,000950788759902 Jordan
400400450521569511 Kuwait
200200150199262132 Lebanon
6006009004381,0841,324 Libya
1,2001,200150363407958 Morocco
1501501275616998 Peru
8,0008,0007,2007,7008,40010,400 Saudi Arabia
2002003001472119 Thailand
500500650674501696 Tunisia
500500500263501668 United Arab Emirates
15015012517716179 Vietnam
8768761,6201,8121,9312,011 Others
27,32627,02625,30226,67828,52228,081 Subtotal
582582257112876-874 Unaccounted
200200120170217352 United States
28,10827,80825,67926,96029,61527,559 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 31 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
Production
2,0502,0501,9509681,0001,300 Algeria
4,8004,8005,0603,7403,3004,940 Argentina
8,6009,2008,3109,25413,5068,993 Australia
1,4001,4009441,4201,2531,849 Belarus
9,90010,2008,3807,8918,8398,257 Canada
1,9501,9501,8501,0851,1921,411 China
2,3002,3002,2002,0322,0252,047 Ethiopia
60,70060,30055,84758,65459,86662,095 European Union
1,7501,7351,7811,7471,4381,613 India
3,6003,6002,8003,1003,7243,200 Iran
1,6001,6007809751,5501,550 Iraq
3,9003,7003,9713,3053,2312,675 Kazakhstan
20,00018,50016,73720,21117,54717,083 Russia
8,0008,0007,0006,4004,7507,400 Turkey
9,2008,6507,6048,6959,8748,751 Ukraine
10,57410,55511,00410,5319,65711,543 Others
150,324148,540136,218140,008142,752144,707 Subtotal
3,7483,7483,3333,1194,3534,750 United States
154,072152,288139,551143,127147,105149,457 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,0502,0502,0001,8502,0502,150 Algeria
1,7001,7001,6001,2501,1001,400 Argentina
4,2004,2004,0003,7003,5003,300 Australia
6,9007,2006,5006,7996,7606,960 Canada
9,0009,0007,8009,3009,2007,500 China
2,3252,3252,2252,2252,0251,990 Ethiopia
54,70054,70051,60054,00055,10051,400 European Union
1,9501,9501,9001,9501,6501,520 India
6,4006,3006,2006,0005,2005,200 Iran
2,2002,2002,2002,1502,2002,000 Kazakhstan
2,4002,4002,9002,8002,4003,200 Morocco
13,70013,10012,20014,50014,70013,700 Russia
8,0258,0257,0258,5259,82510,225 Saudi Arabia
7,9007,9007,5006,7005,5006,900 Turkey
4,3004,2004,1004,5004,9004,300 Ukraine
18,95618,84217,40916,95919,01019,098 Others
147,254146,640137,417142,768146,143142,901 Subtotal
3,7673,7673,5263,4664,3754,408 United States
151,021150,407140,943146,234150,518147,309 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
9179178175178771,291 Algeria
1,6861,7231,7861,7761,8841,068 Australia
1,3971,1208771,2502,1201,523 Canada
5,0154,8244,1154,6275,4215,924 European Union
1,390587640750839729 Russia
1,5991,5991,6141,8292,3444,059 Saudi Arabia
1,2151,0261,1101,1491,2371,609 Ukraine
5,7685,7565,1115,3925,4167,441 Others
18,98717,55216,07017,29020,13823,644 Subtotal
2,0192,0191,8852,0572,3162,223 United States
21,00619,57117,95519,34722,45425,867 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 32 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Aug
2019/20
Sep
2019/20
TY Imports none
615 North America 293 227 180 230 230
1,133 South America 1,249 1,009 1,197 1,310 1,310
315 European Union - 28 447 231 450 400 400
81 Other Europe 124 80 176 90 90
162 Former Soviet Union - 12 442 229 423 400 400
14,798 Middle East 13,563 13,077 13,080 13,510 13,810
3,914 North Africa 2,542 1,990 2,080 2,420 2,420
40 Sub-Saharan Africa 112 49 45 40 40
7,136 East Asia 9,413 9,499 7,225 8,225 8,225
134 South Asia 341 114 116 226 226
7 Oceania 31 19 25 25 25
28,433 Total 28,739 26,848 25,422 27,226 27,526
Production none
13,742 North America 14,170 12,015 12,709 14,958 14,658
5,925 South America 4,714 4,816 6,452 6,199 6,218
62,095 European Union - 28 59,866 58,654 55,847 60,300 60,700
1,258 Other Europe 1,451 1,290 1,253 1,407 1,407
32,491 Former Soviet Union - 12 34,150 35,550 31,247 34,212 36,462
12,880 Middle East 10,831 11,333 11,061 14,483 14,483
5,266 North Africa 2,156 4,041 5,378 3,908 3,908
2,549 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,562 2,537 2,822 2,895 2,895
1,700 East Asia 1,492 1,397 2,149 2,256 2,256
2,121 South Asia 1,843 1,942 1,945 2,090 2,105
9,430 Oceania 13,870 9,552 8,688 9,580 8,980
149,457 Total 147,105 143,127 139,551 152,288 154,072
Domestic Consumption none
12,293 North America 12,085 11,275 11,076 12,067 11,767
3,523 South America 3,442 3,518 4,043 4,229 4,248
51,400 European Union - 28 55,100 54,000 51,600 54,700 54,700
1,373 Other Europe 1,451 1,354 1,343 1,397 1,392
23,861 Former Soviet Union - 12 25,442 24,576 21,760 23,103 23,803
27,160 Middle East 25,523 25,226 24,587 27,127 27,327
8,053 North Africa 6,847 6,359 7,118 6,418 6,418
2,565 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,615 2,758 2,850 2,940 2,940
9,082 East Asia 10,846 11,021 9,390 10,590 10,590
2,093 South Asia 2,073 2,213 2,093 2,338 2,338
3,750 Oceania 3,900 4,050 4,400 4,600 4,600
145,251 Total 149,495 146,674 140,685 149,859 150,473
Ending Stocks none
4,132 North America 4,851 3,722 3,133 3,430 3,707
1,128 South America 832 744 1,178 1,300 1,308
5,924 European Union - 28 5,421 4,627 4,115 4,824 5,015
79 Other Europe 167 135 134 160 166
2,971 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,952 2,559 2,368 2,149 3,158
6,392 Middle East 3,887 3,996 3,012 3,788 3,888
2,945 North Africa 1,106 802 1,222 1,192 1,192
436 Sub-Saharan Africa 488 306 323 318 318
445 East Asia 504 379 363 388 254
275 South Asia 293 253 270 243 258
1,140 Oceania 1,942 1,813 1,826 1,768 1,731
25,867 Total 22,454 19,347 17,955 19,571 21,006
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 33 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Sorghum Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
TY Exports
100100200296457772 Argentina
500600350449542717 Australia
404050433423 China
505075757575 Ethiopia
5050501232474 India
10010010010010050 Nigeria
7575120123164119 Ukraine
110110160302268133 Others
1,0251,1251,1051,5111,6641,963 Subtotal
2,5002,5002,4004,8396,0317,918 United States
3,5253,6253,5056,3507,6959,881 World Total
none
TY Imports
1001001004954134 Chile
7007007004,4365,2098,284 China
50505056064 Colombia
400400800486194119 European Union
500600500594561649 Japan
15015015014114654 Kenya
40040050098548661 Mexico
505050806070 Somalia
1501501001483619 South Sudan
200200100150120200 Sudan
409424506460386609 Others
3,1093,2243,5566,6987,31410,863 Subtotal
416401-52-399337-1,080 Unaccounted
001514498 United States
3,5253,6253,5056,3507,6959,881 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 34 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
Production
2,5002,5002,5003,0003,4003,375 Argentina
1,7001,7001,2781,2579941,791 Australia
2,0502,3002,0212,1361,8651,032 Brazil
1,8001,8001,9301,3661,6631,436 Burkina
1,4001,4001,4001,3521,3391,217 Cameroon
950950988946991835 Chad
3,6003,6003,4502,4652,2352,203 China
5,0005,0005,0004,8164,7524,766 Ethiopia
815815744660632674 European Union
4,5004,5003,7604,8034,5684,238 India
1,3001,3001,4701,4241,3941,527 Mali
5,0005,0004,7004,5454,6385,587 Mexico
1,8001,8002,1001,9451,8081,918 Niger
6,9006,9006,8006,9397,5567,005 Nigeria
4,0004,0004,5003,7436,4662,744 Sudan
6,9266,9267,3707,1016,6857,025 Others
50,24150,49150,01148,49850,98647,373 Subtotal
8,9318,9869,2719,19212,19915,158 United States
59,17259,47759,28257,69063,18562,531 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,5002,5002,5003,2002,9002,900 Argentina
1,1501,100950800675905 Australia
2,1002,3002,1002,1001,7001,150 Brazil
1,8001,8001,8001,4001,6401,465 Burkina
1,4251,4251,4251,3671,3691,232 Cameroon
1,0001,0001,0001,000950850 Chad
4,2004,2004,1006,9007,40010,500 China
5,0005,0004,9004,8004,7004,700 Ethiopia
1,2201,2201,520970790800 European Union
4,4004,4003,8004,6004,5004,600 India
1,4001,4001,5001,4501,4001,500 Mali
5,2005,2005,1004,7005,3006,300 Mexico
1,9501,9502,1001,8502,0002,000 Niger
6,8006,8006,7506,9507,3506,905 Nigeria
4,2504,2504,6504,1006,4503,100 Sudan
8,1788,2938,4118,2807,6018,370 Others
53,02953,27952,50054,06657,03856,947 Subtotal
6,6056,6056,4774,1196,2836,130 United States
59,63459,88458,97758,18563,32163,077 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
337337437687889952 Argentina
301251251273272233 Australia
178178183589779 Burkina
165230105105147137 China
531531561516569576 Ethiopia
234174184274196151 India
413413213113172286 Mexico
1,0351,1131,5081,6201,8341,818 Others
3,1943,2273,4423,6464,1764,232 Subtotal
1,1801,3621,394885850930 United States
4,3744,5894,8364,5315,0265,162 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 35 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Aug
2019/20
Sep
2019/20
TY Imports none
759 North America 592 149 501 400 400
212 South America 60 111 175 175 175
119 European Union - 28 194 486 800 400 400
0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0
34 Middle East 30 41 51 31 31
1 North Africa 5 1 0 0 0
578 Sub-Saharan Africa 629 719 693 813 813
9,011 East Asia 5,823 5,156 1,270 1,370 1,255
16 Southeast Asia 19 22 40 10 10
231 Others 6 64 27 25 25
10,961 Total 7,358 6,749 3,557 3,224 3,109
Production none
20,745 North America 16,837 13,737 13,971 13,986 13,931
284 Central America 308 281 272 272 272
123 Caribbean 118 91 106 91 91
5,682 South America 6,159 6,142 5,594 5,841 5,591
674 European Union - 28 632 660 744 815 815
430 Middle East 356 410 432 410 410
755 North Africa 752 754 755 755 755
25,197 Sub-Saharan Africa 29,750 26,701 28,534 27,195 27,195
2,205 East Asia 2,237 2,467 3,452 3,602 3,602
4,399 South Asia 4,717 4,957 3,900 4,640 4,640
55 Southeast Asia 50 50 50 50 50
1,791 Oceania 994 1,257 1,278 1,700 1,700
191 Others 275 183 194 120 120
62,531 Total 63,185 57,690 59,282 59,477 59,172
Domestic Consumption none
12,430 North America 11,583 8,819 11,577 11,805 11,805
292 Central America 308 281 275 275 275
123 Caribbean 120 91 108 91 91
5,409 South America 5,623 6,415 5,762 5,996 5,796
800 European Union - 28 790 970 1,520 1,220 1,220
508 Middle East 383 447 483 441 441
755 North Africa 752 754 755 755 755
25,830 Sub-Saharan Africa 29,921 27,429 28,856 28,198 28,198
11,233 East Asia 8,017 7,622 4,672 4,872 4,757
4,981 South Asia 4,665 4,817 3,965 4,565 4,565
66 Southeast Asia 71 66 85 55 55
905 Oceania 675 800 950 1,100 1,150
75 Others 100 75 75 70 70
63,407 Total 63,008 58,586 59,083 59,443 59,178
Ending Stocks none
1,216 North America 1,022 998 1,607 1,775 1,593
17 Central America 17 12 9 6 6
1,128 South America 1,143 967 649 557 479
16 European Union - 28 24 132 151 141 141
0 Middle East 0 0 0 0 0
48 North Africa 53 54 54 54 54
2,095 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,029 1,608 1,719 1,319 1,319
192 East Asia 199 157 157 282 217
151 South Asia 196 274 184 174 234
233 Oceania 272 273 251 251 301
66 Others 71 56 55 30 30
5,162 Total 5,026 4,531 4,836 4,589 4,374
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 36 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Oats Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
TY Exports
400500250550455214 Australia
1,8002,0001,6501,6851,5571,667 Canada
404040342726 Chile
150150150128179220 European Union
25253010125 Kazakhstan
9090100341416 Russia
10101071948 Ukraine
1111126511 Others
2,5262,8262,2422,4542,2682,207 Subtotal
303030314437 United States
2,5562,8562,2722,4852,3122,244 World Total
none
TY Imports
20202571131 Algeria
303030300 Belarus
553564 Bosnia and Herzegovina
101010121817 Canada
250350180389278172 China
555111 Colombia
303030392138 Ecuador
5515439 European Union
151515192531 India
505050444950 Japan
252540462321 Korea, South
10010012016811977 Mexico
5050952137 Norway
404040392431 South Africa
505055495441 Switzerland
1717992415 Others
702802722855659545 Subtotal
541545087123167 Unaccounted
1,8001,9001,5001,5431,5301,532 United States
2,5562,8562,2722,4852,3122,244 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 37 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
Production
110110110110110110 Algeria
350650516492785553 Argentina
1,2001,3008881,2272,2661,300 Australia
450450342500390492 Belarus
825825795634828351 Brazil
4,0004,3503,4363,7333,2313,425 Canada
385550385573713533 Chile
625625575550525350 China
8,0958,1757,7158,0588,0447,524 European Union
340330336285335244 Kazakhstan
9090103727185 Mexico
300300144283359286 Norway
4,3004,3004,7155,4484,7504,527 Russia
230230230250225250 Turkey
430430423481510498 Ukraine
302302335285309293 Others
22,03223,01721,04822,98123,45120,821 Subtotal
8768768157209381,298 United States
22,90823,89321,86323,70124,38922,119 World Total
none
Total Consumption
130130135117132141 Algeria
380630500525760550 Argentina
8008007009001,5001,025 Australia
475475375500400500 Belarus
805805775675775345 Brazil
2,0002,0002,0802,0351,8541,620 Canada
345495375575655495 Chile
850950870850710500 China
7,8507,8507,8507,9007,9507,400 European Union
315315315275274245 Kazakhstan
190190255200195190 Mexico
350350250320315296 Norway
4,2004,2004,7005,4004,8004,600 Russia
240240230240240240 Turkey
430430450480450450 Ukraine
524524585539507506 Others
20,01320,54120,51021,67021,70919,195 Subtotal
2,5652,7372,3422,3582,5372,700 United States
22,57823,27822,85224,02824,24621,895 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
134134134196419143 Australia
535338236816 Brazil
627954417784703947 Canada
15115112624115259 China
486523386613637690 European Union
675667757527 Kazakhstan
929282167147199 Russia
185258221302391275 Others
1,7952,2211,4712,4012,5922,356 Subtotal
542542536595731824 United States
2,3372,7632,0072,9963,3233,180 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 38 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Aug
2019/20
Sep
2019/20
TY Imports none
1,626 North America 1,667 1,723 1,630 2,010 1,910
48 South America 31 46 40 40 40
9 European Union - 28 3 4 15 5 5
53 Other Europe 63 76 155 110 110
4 Former Soviet Union - 12 11 3 30 30 30
1 Middle East 0 0 0 5 5
31 North Africa 15 9 27 22 22
31 Sub-Saharan Africa 24 39 40 40 40
243 East Asia 350 479 270 425 325
31 South Asia 25 19 15 15 15
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
2,077 Total 2,189 2,398 2,222 2,702 2,502
Production none
4,808 North America 4,240 4,525 4,354 5,316 4,966
1,478 South America 2,372 1,742 1,754 2,056 1,591
7,524 European Union - 28 8,044 8,058 7,715 8,175 8,095
421 Other Europe 502 426 293 451 451
5,768 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,990 6,719 5,822 5,516 5,526
250 Middle East 225 250 230 230 230
152 North Africa 125 145 173 150 150
38 Sub-Saharan Africa 56 23 33 40 40
351 East Asia 526 551 576 626 626
0 South Asia 0 0 0 0 0
1,329 Oceania 2,309 1,262 913 1,333 1,233
22,119 Total 24,389 23,701 21,863 23,893 22,908
Domestic Consumption none
4,510 North America 4,586 4,593 4,677 4,927 4,755
1,453 South America 2,268 1,865 1,747 2,001 1,601
7,400 European Union - 28 7,950 7,900 7,850 7,850 7,850
487 Other Europe 514 519 455 559 559
5,802 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,929 6,660 5,846 5,426 5,426
240 Middle East 240 240 230 240 240
183 North Africa 151 152 200 172 172
72 Sub-Saharan Africa 67 66 75 75 75
571 East Asia 784 940 964 1,026 926
31 South Asia 25 19 15 15 15
1,054 Oceania 1,540 935 728 830 830
21,803 Total 24,054 23,889 22,787 23,121 22,449
Ending Stocks none
1,775 North America 1,437 1,383 955 1,498 1,171
140 South America 240 122 118 171 98
690 European Union - 28 637 613 386 523 486
35 Other Europe 82 62 50 51 51
298 Former Soviet Union - 12 316 330 197 191 202
21 Middle East 6 16 16 11 11
1 North Africa 1 3 3 3 3
15 Sub-Saharan Africa 28 24 22 27 27
62 East Asia 154 244 126 151 151
0 South Asia 0 0 0 0 0
143 Oceania 422 199 134 137 137
3,180 Total 3,323 2,996 2,007 2,763 2,337
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 39 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Rye Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
TY Exports
000000 Albania
160160130227132112 Canada
20020020092139160 European Union
1001003001522923 Russia
505095381421 Ukraine
0011924 Others
510510726510323340 Subtotal
555446 United States
515515731514327346 World Total
none
TY Imports
2525252830 Belarus
1001003001371639 European Union
20201521412 Israel
202020212416 Japan
555345 Korea, South
5520542 Norway
552234 Switzerland
3313625 Others
18318338822064103 Subtotal
828273-309126 Unaccounted
250250270324172217 United States
515515731514327346 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 40 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Aug
2019/20
Sep
none
Production
75105100867961 Argentina
650650503670651753 Belarus
400400236342436226 Canada
8,0007,5006,2007,4057,4407,833 European Union
1,6001,6001,9142,5402,5382,084 Russia
320320320320300330 Turkey
300300396510394394 Ukraine
166171122176155186 Others
11,51111,0469,79112,04911,99311,867 Subtotal
229229214260339295 United States
11,74011,27510,00512,30912,33212,162 World Total
none
Total Consumption
75105100867961 Argentina
303030302930 Australia
675675550665700800 Belarus
200200140199180119 Canada
7,4007,4006,5007,7007,6007,900 European Union
293435353337 Kazakhstan
555527542667 Norway
1,5001,5001,7502,5002,4002,150 Russia
320320320320300330 Turkey
305305305480380420 Ukraine
11211210210510091 Others
10,72810,7639,92112,20811,85212,023 Subtotal
525525519483496515 United States
11,25311,28810,44012,69112,34812,538 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
393939614199 Belarus
1041036211616551 Canada
9724744726749891,209 European Union
111112 Japan
124124124260291158 Russia
141414141414 Turkey
101065697775 Ukraine
00416124 Others
1,2647657811,2111,5901,612 Subtotal
141410151812 United States
1,2787797911,2261,6081,624 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 41 September 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Aug
2019/20
Sep
2019/20
TY Imports none
217 North America 172 326 270 252 252
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
39 European Union - 28 16 137 300 100 100
7 Other Europe 9 8 23 11 11
24 Former Soviet Union - 12 7 28 25 25 25
12 Middle East 4 21 15 20 20
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
21 East Asia 28 24 25 25 25
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
320 Total 236 544 658 433 433
Production none
521 North America 775 602 450 629 629
69 South America 91 97 113 117 87
7,833 European Union - 28 7,440 7,405 6,200 7,500 8,000
108 Other Europe 70 93 53 96 96
3,268 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,624 3,759 2,836 2,580 2,575
330 Middle East 300 320 320 320 320
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
0 East Asia 0 0 0 0 0
30 Oceania 29 30 30 30 30
12,162 Total 12,332 12,309 10,005 11,275 11,740
Domestic Consumption none
634 North America 676 682 659 725 725
69 South America 91 97 113 117 87
7,900 European Union - 28 7,600 7,700 6,500 7,400 7,400
113 Other Europe 78 100 73 107 107
3,407 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,513 3,680 2,640 2,514 2,509
342 Middle East 304 341 335 340 340
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
22 East Asia 29 24 25 25 25
30 Oceania 29 30 30 30 30
12,520 Total 12,323 12,657 10,378 11,261 11,226
Ending Stocks none
63 North America 183 131 72 117 118
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
1,209 European Union - 28 989 674 472 474 972
0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0
336 Former Soviet Union - 12 421 406 232 173 173
14 Middle East 14 14 14 14 14
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
2 East Asia 1 1 1 1 1
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
1,624 Total 1,608 1,226 791 779 1,278
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 42 September 2019Office of Global Analysis