Children of the Civil War

CIVIL WAR NORTH Vs. SOUTH 1861-1865

CHARACTERISTICS BEFORE THE WAR

NORTH In the North, cities

were centers of wealth and manufacturing. There were many skilled workers.

SOUTH Most of the people

were farmers. Money came from plantation crops, like cotton, rice, sugar cane and tobacco. Slaves did most of the work on the plantations.

Essential Understandings: Two distinct economic cultures had arisen within the United

States in the years before the Civil War, economic cultures that were similar to what caused the split of the American colonists from the British Empire in 1776.This led to distinct views of southern and northern nationalism.

In the North, the people wished to preserve the Union at all costs. While in the South, the concept of a new Southern republic was backed by the people.

Yet the economic systems of the North and the South were actually quite complimentary. The agricultural production of the South was needed to support the rise of industrialization in the North and each system was dependent upon the other.

Still the large majority of the free citizens of the United States lived in the North while slave labor dominated the South.

CLASS 2

THE BEGINNING

When Abraham Lincoln was elected as president in 1860. Southerners thought the government was becoming too strong. They did not think the government had the right to tell them how they should live.

Southerners felt if they stayed in the United States, the North would control them.

Some southern states decided they had no choice. They decided to secede, or leave, the United States. South Carolina was the first to leave the Union and form a new nation called the Confederate States of America. Four months later, six other states seceded. They were Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas and Louisiana. Later Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee joined them. The people of these states elected Jefferson Davis as president of the Confederacy.

The northern states were called the Union. President Lincoln said he would fight to keep the southern states as part of the United States.

There were Union forts on Confederate land. The Confederates wanted Union soldiers to leave these forts. In Charleston, South Carolina there was a Union fort called Fort Sumter. The Union soldiers refused to leave this fort, so the Confederates fired cannons at the fort on

April 12, l861. This was the beginning of the Civil War.

CLASS 3

Civil War Flagsby Wayne

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Emancipation Proclamation During the Civil War, African

Americans tried to join the Union army of the north. They were told, "Keep out of this; this is a white man's war." At first President Lincoln said that the war was to save the Union, not to end slavery. But after a year he changed his mind. That is when he wrote the Emancipation Proclamation. 1863

MEANING

Lincoln wrote the Emancipation Proclamation in secret. To emancipate means to set free. A proclamation is an order to do something. The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves in all the states that had left the Union. President Lincoln thought the freed slaves would join the Union army.

CLAIM

Lincoln's advisors asked him to wait for a victory in a battle before telling everyone about his new plan. They decided this so it would not look like the government needed blacks to save the Union. 1863

Civil War Battles

Battle Northern Victory Southern Victory

1st Battle of Bull Run, VAJuly 21, 1861

  X

2nd Battle of Bull Run, VAAugust 27-30, 1862

  X

Battle of Antietam, MDSeptember 17, 1862

X  

Battle of Fredericksburg, VADecember 13, 1862

  X

Battle of Chancellorsville, VAMay 1-4, 1863

  X

Battle at Gettysburg, PAJuly 1-3, 1863

X  

Battle of Vicksburg, MSJuly 4, 1863

X  

Battle of Chattenooga, TNOctober 17, 1863

X  

Battle of Cold Harbor, VAJune 1864

   X

Battle of Pettersburg, VAJune 15-April 3, 1865

X  

BACK

The End

 President Lincoln was forced to declare war. The war was a long and bloody. Over 600,000 men on both sides died. Over 1,100,000 were injured. The south was devastated. General Lee surrendered to General Grant on April 9, 1865 at Appomattox Court House in Virginia. The war was over.

Leaders of the Civil War

Abraham LincolnPresident of the United States

by Wayne Abraham Lincoln was President of the United States

during the Civil War from 1860-1865. He was born in a log cabin near Hodgenville, Kentucky, on February 12, 1809. When he was president he was also the Commander-in-Chief of the Union Army, which is the highest-ranking military officer. He appointed generals to command his troops. In 1863 he issued the Emancipation Proclamation which declared that all slaves in the Confederate States would be free. This helped end slavery in the United States. The same year he gave a great speech called the Gettysburg Address at a cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. He wanted to honor all the soldiers who had lost their lives in the war. Many people thought he was a great president, but some people did not like his views on slavery. President Lincoln was assassinated on April 14, 1865 by John Wilkes Booth at a theater in Washington DC. This was only five days after the South surrendered to end the Civil War.

Jefferson DavisPresident of the Confederacy

by George

Jefferson Davis was the President of the Confederate States of America. He was also Commander - in - Chief of the Confederate Army. He was a colonel in the United States Army during the Mexican-American War. He was Secretary of War and also a United States Senator.

Jefferson Davis was born in the South and grew up on a cotton plantation. When he was 16 years old he went to the Military Academy at West Point. The training he got at the military school helped him to become a great military leader and is one of the reasons the Confederates won so many battles at the beginning of the Civil War.

C I V I L W A R B S J E A V GG O O B H W A X A I G Q Y S ER L O U I F M V T V V K W A NU E E C Z I I G T A X E N R EB Q T U O C S S L D X I S N RS U Y M T N M F E N L Y M H AK R L O U R F E S O Z K R L LC U R L O S Q E R S L A U T LI Y A F R U T A D R N D V L EV V I N O U C R A E E O N O EB N Z O H H N S O F R U I U SU F E L T U C K H F T A Z N UL G R U B S Y T T E G W T J US I O E D E C E S J I Y N E ZO S G E N E R A L G R A N T R

BATTLES BULL RUN CIVILWAR

CONFEDERATE FORT SUMTER GENERAL GRANT

GENERAL LEE GETTYSBURG JEFFERSON DAVIS

SECEDE SOUTH CAROLINA UNIFORMS

UNION VICKSBURG VICTORY

WORKSHOP!!!!!

FILL IN THE BLANKS   1. The north was ________________ and had

____________workers.

2. The South had F_________ and plantations such as _______________, ___________, and ____________.

3. Two distinct ____________ __________had arisen within the United States in the years before the Civil War.

4. The ___________production of the South was needed to support the rise of _______________in the North.

5. Free citizens of the United States lived in the _______ while ________ labor dominated the _________.

6. November 1860 _______________________was just elected to be our next president.  

7. States that seceded from the Union formed the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _   States of America.

8. They even chose their own president! His name is______________________________________.  

9. April 12, 1861 There is big excitement everywhere. The war has begun. The Confederates just attacked _______________________________________.  

  10. The states that wanted to keep the United States

together were the     ___________.