united nations office on drugs and crime - addressing multiple … · 2009. 4. 27. ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Addressing multiple threats of environmental crimes
in East Asia and the Pacific
Technical assistance strategy2009 – 2012
Regional Centre for East Asia and the Pacific (RCEAP)
Structure of presentation
1. Mandate
2. Challenges
3. Intervention areas
4. Added value
5. Objectives
Structure of presentation
1. Mandate
2. Challenges
3. Intervention areas
4. Added value
5. Objectives
Mandate of UNODC• Resolution 16/1 of 2007 Commission on crime prevention and criminal justice:– International cooperation in preventing and combating illicit international trafficking in forest products, including timber, wildlife and other forest biological resources
• Two instruments:– UNTOC– UNCAC
Structure of presentation
1. Mandate
2. Challenges
3. Intervention areas
4. Added value
5. Objectives
Environmental challenges in EAP• Forest area (2000‐2005):
– Southeast Asia = ‐1.3%
– Africa = ‐0.62%
– World = ‐0.18%
• Fish‐catch (2000‐2006):– Asia = 4.7% (Cambodia → 69.7%)
– Oceania = 14.5% (PNG → 146%)
– World = ‐3.9%
Environmental challenges in EAP• Wildlife illicit trafficking:
– Species such as elephants, big cats, pangolins, wild cattle are threathened by extintion in some areas of SeA
• Illegal trade of ODS and hazardous waste:– Growing trade due to weak law enforcement
– Low risk and high profits
Consequences• Natural resources depletion (ecosystem impoverishment, climate change)
• Slow human development (poverty, food insecurity)
• State weakening (corruption, organized crimes)
• Economic slowdown (less revenues, less investments)
Structure of presentation
1. Mandate
2. Challenges
3. Intervention areas
4. Added value
5. Objectives
Priority areas for RCEAP• Illegal logging and trade in timber ‐ national laws and
CITES• Illegal trade in wildlife ‐ 1973 Washington Convention
(CITES)• Illegal trade in ozone‐depleting substances (ODS) ‐ 1987
Montreal Protocol• Illegal trade in wastes including illegal transport and
dumping of hazardous waste– 1989 Basel Convention and 1996 Protocol
• Illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing ‐regional fisheries management organisations (RMFOs)
Structure of presentation
1. Mandate
2. Challenges
3. Intervention areas
4. Added value
5. Objectives
RCEAP’s added value• Law enforcement strengthening and border control
– Border liaison office– Computer based training for LE officers– Legal advisory
• Anti‐corruption and criminal justice– Technical assistance in AML and AC legislation– Global experience/partnership (e.g. StAR)– Best practices and international cooperation
• Sustainable development– Reduction of illicit cropping in the Golden Triangle– Creation of alternatives for former poppy farmers– Community enpowerment
Structure of presentation
1. Mandate
2. Challenges
3. Intervention areas
4. Added value
5. Objectives
6. Sustainable livelihoods
Reduced illicit opium production
Human Security:Integrated
programmes of work will lead to measurableoutcomes and
results
Health and Development
Rule ofLaw
1. Illicit traffickingReduction in illicit trafficking of
people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
2. Anti-corruption
Corrupt practices reduced
3. Criminal justice
Reduction in serious crimes
5. HIV/AIDSReduction in HIV/AIDS
transmission
4. Drug demand reduction
Reduced drug abuse
Regional Programme Framework
6. Sustainable livelihoods
Reduced illicit opium production
Human Security:Integrated
programmes of work will lead to measurableoutcomes and
results
Health and Development
Rule ofLaw
1. Illicit traffickingReduction in illicit trafficking of
people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
2. Anti-corruption
Corrupt practices reduced
3. Criminal justice
Reduction in serious crimes
5. HIV/AIDSReduction in HIV/AIDS
transmission
4. Drug demand reduction
Reduced drug abuse
Regional Programme Framework
Reduction in illicit trafficking of people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
1.1 BORDER CONTROL
1.1.1 BLO mechanism insitutionalized and operational
1.1.2 Joint Port Control Units established and operational
1.1.3 Airport specialist response units established and operational
Rule of Law
1. Illicit Trafficking
1.2 HUMAN TRAFFICKING
1.2.1 Legislative frameworks meet international obligations and standards
1.2.2 Comparative data sets on trafficking trends and country responses used by stakeholders to inform evidence based responses
1.2.3 Informed and capable frontline law enforcement officers, prosecutors and judges
1.2.4 Systems established for quickly identifying and assisting victims
1.2.5 Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between criminal justice agencies within and across borders
1.2.6 Corporate sector organisations adopt codes of conduct
1.2.7 Top-level political engagement and commitment
1.3 DRUGS & PRECURSORS
1.3.1 Domestic legislation harmonized with international instruments
1.3.2 Comparative data sets on ATS and other drug production and trafficking used by stakeholders to inform evidence based responses
1.3.3 Informed and capable frontline law enforcement officers, prosecutors and judges
1.3.4 Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between criminal justice agencies within and across borders
1.3.5 Clandestine lab investigation teams established and operational
1.3.6 Chemical industry associations adopt codes of conduct on precursor diversion
1.4 ENVIRONMENT
1.4.1 A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
1.4.2 Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory frameworks established and implemented
1.4.3 Informed and capable law enforcement and specialised officials
1.4.4 Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between responsible agencies within and across borders
1.4.5 Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing demand for illegal forest products
1.5 SMUGGLING MIGRANTS
1.5.1 Systems to generate, manage, analyze, report and use migrant smuggling information established and operational
1.5.2 BLOs’ mandates broadened to cover crimes related to irregular migration
1.5.3 Informed and capable frontline law enforcement officers, prosecutors and judges
1.5.4 Research on irregular migration used as part of the Bali Process
Outcomes
Outputs
1.1 Border Control
Improved border security
1.2. Human Trafficking Human trafficking
operations identified and effectively acted on
1.3. Drugs and Precursors
Trafficking of ATS and other drugs identified and
effectively acted on
1.4. Environmental crimes
Trafficking of illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
identified and effectively acted on
1.5. Smuggling Migrants
Smuggling of migrants identified and effectively
acted on
Reduction in illicit trafficking of people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
1.1 BORDER CONTROL
1.1.1 BLO mechanism insitutionalized and operational
1.1.2 Joint Port Control Units established and operational
1.1.3 Airport specialist response units established and operational
Rule of Law
1. Illicit Trafficking
1.2 HUMAN TRAFFICKING
1.2.1 Legislative frameworks meet international obligations and standards
1.2.2 Comparative data sets on trafficking trends and country responses used by stakeholders to inform evidence based responses
1.2.3 Informed and capable frontline law enforcement officers, prosecutors and judges
1.2.4 Systems established for quickly identifying and assisting victims
1.2.5 Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between criminal justice agencies within and across borders
1.2.6 Corporate sector organisations adopt codes of conduct
1.2.7 Top-level political engagement and commitment
1.3 DRUGS & PRECURSORS
1.3.1 Domestic legislation harmonized with international instruments
1.3.2 Comparative data sets on ATS and other drug production and trafficking used by stakeholders to inform evidence based responses
1.3.3 Informed and capable frontline law enforcement officers, prosecutors and judges
1.3.4 Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between criminal justice agencies within and across borders
1.3.5 Clandestine lab investigation teams established and operational
1.3.6 Chemical industry associations adopt codes of conduct on precursor diversion
1.4 ENVIRONMENT
1.4.1 A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
1.4.2 Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory frameworks established and implemented
1.4.3 Informed and capable law enforcement and specialised officials
1.4.4 Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between responsible agencies within and across borders
1.4.5 Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing demand for illegal forest products
1.5 SMUGGLING MIGRANTS
1.5.1 Systems to generate, manage, analyze, report and use migrant smuggling information established and operational
1.5.2 BLOs’ mandates broadened to cover crimes related to irregular migration
1.5.3 Informed and capable frontline law enforcement officers, prosecutors and judges
1.5.4 Research on irregular migration used as part of the Bali Process
Outcomes
Outputs
1.1 Border Control
Improved border security
1.2. Human Trafficking Human trafficking
operations identified and effectively acted on
1.3. Drugs and Precursors
Trafficking of ATS and other drugs identified and
effectively acted on
1.4. Environmental crimes
Trafficking of illicit natural resources and
hazardous substances identified and effectively acted
on
1.5. Smuggling Migrants
Smuggling of migrants identified and effectively
acted on
Reduction in illicit trafficking of people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
1.4. Environmental crimes
Trafficking of illicit natural resources and hazardous substances identified and
effectively acted on
A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory frameworks established and implemented
Informed and capable law enforcement and specialized officials
Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between responsible agencies within and across borders
Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing demand for illegal natural resources and hazardous substances
Rule of Law
1. Illicit Trafficking Outcomes
Outputs
Reduction in illicit trafficking of people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
1.4. Environmental crimes
Trafficking of illicit natural resources and hazardous substances identified and
effectively acted on
Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory frameworks established and implemented
Informed and capable law enforcement and specialized officials
Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between responsible agencies within and across borders
Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing demand for illegal natural resources and hazardous substances
Rule of Law
1. Illicit Trafficking Outcomes
Outputs
A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
Output 1• A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress
trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
1. supporting the existing regional networks (FLEG, WEN, etc.) especially in their efforts to increase cooperation among environmental law enforcement agencies
2. supporting the development of national strategies to address and respond to environmental crime threats
3. promoting awareness on the need to have environmental crimes established as serious criminal offences with a view to ensuring that they meet the serious crime threshold as defined under UNTOC
4. systematic collection of relevant domestic laws, and analysis of relevant criminal offences (waste management and disposal, illegal logging, etc.)
5. assessing information related to the involvement of organized criminal groups and networks in the illicit trafficking
6. conducting threat assessments through collection and analysis of data related to illicit trafficking, including trends, routes, laundering of funds derived from illicit trafficking and links between this traffic and the financing of other criminal activities
Reduction in illicit trafficking of people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
1.4. Environmental crimes
Trafficking of illicit natural resources and hazardous substances identified and
effectively acted on
Informed and capable law enforcement and specialized officials
Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between responsible agencies within and across borders
Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing demand for illegal natural resources and hazardous substances
Rule of Law
1. Illicit Trafficking Outcomes
Outputs
A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory frameworks established and implemented
Output 2• Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory
frameworks established and implemented1. supporting specialized responses such as the establishment of inter‐governmental
agency task forces and specialized enforcement units2. fostering interagency coordination and operational coordination supporting /
encouraging the establishment of direct channels of communication for information sharing between agencies, NGO’s and communities
3. training programmes for central authorities and practitioners in charge of international judicial cooperation to enable them to effectively apply international cooperation mechanisms on extradition, mutual legal assistance and international confiscation
4. establishing notification system to detect and arrest perpetrators of related crimes5. collecting, reviewing and analyzing information on the use of the UNTOC and UNCAC
to counter trafficking6. providing legal assistance and support for putting in place appropriate legal
frameworks and streamlining applicable laws and regulations7. strengthening national development agencies to enable them to address the
underlying factors that lead individuals or groups to engage in illegal logging and/or the traffic of wildlife
Reduction in illicit trafficking of people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
1.4. Environmental crimes
Trafficking of illicit natural resources and hazardous substances identified and
effectively acted on
Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between responsible agencies within and across borders
Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing demand for illegal natural resources and hazardous substances
Rule of Law
1. Illicit Trafficking Outcomes
Outputs
A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory frameworks established and implemented
Informed and capable law enforcement and specialized officials
Output 3• Informed and capable law enforcement and specialized
officials
1. analysis of training needs for relevant officials2. developing specialized training curricula, materials and syllabus,
including computer‐based training modules to train police, public security and customs officials and, where appropriate, private companies inspectors
3. developing training programmes for law enforcement authorities to upgrade their investigations and prosecution abilities
4. training programmes for judges and prosecutors to enable them to effectively handle environmental crime, including seizure/forfeiture and confiscation of instruments, products andproceeds of these crimes
Reduction in illicit trafficking of people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
1.4. Environmental crimes
Trafficking of illicit natural resources and hazardous substances identified and
effectively acted on
Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing demand for illegal natural resources and hazardous substances
Rule of Law
1. Illicit Trafficking Outcomes
Outputs
A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory frameworks established and implemented
Informed and capable law enforcement and specialized officials
Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between responsible agencies within and across borders
Output 4• Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between
responsible agencies within and across borders
1. Establishing regulatory and legislative frameworks for the expansion of BLO function to address environmental crimes
2. Up‐grading the capacities (e.g. training, equipment, transportation, etc) of the current BLO and establishing new BLO
3. establishing effective container controls to prevent the trafficking of illicit goods through the creation of joint port control units and training of relevant law enforcement bodies
Reduction in illicit trafficking of people, drugs, illicit natural resources and hazardous
substances
1.4. Environmental crimes
Trafficking of illicit natural resources and hazardous substances identified and
effectively acted on
Rule of Law
1. Illicit Trafficking Outcomes
Outputs
A regional strategy in place to prevent and suppress trafficking in illicit natural resources and hazardous substances
Effective environmental governance policies and regulatory frameworks established and implemented
Informed and capable law enforcement and specialized officials
Mechanisms established to promote cooperation between responsible agencies within and across borders
Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing demand for illegal natural resources and hazardous substances
Output 5• Producers and consumers effectively engaged in reducing
demand for illegal natural resources and hazardous substances1. conducting field surveys to determine what drives small farmers and
marginalized populations to engage in illegal harmful activities for the environment
2. fostering the sharing among states of best practices and lessons learned in efforts to provide licit‐income generating opportunities for those involved in illegal logging and/or the traffic of wildlife
3. designing, developing and coordinating with government institutions as well as autonomous regional and local entities, prevention campaign on the social and environment impact of illicit trafficking
4. consulting with national and local communities in key source regions and with industry representatives in source, transit and destination points
5. empowering local NGOs on awareness raising in environmental issues
Thank youwww.unodc.org/thailand