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United Nations Agenda item 107

'GENERAL AN.,,xEsA S S E M B LY s s ,o.i Offwlal Records NEw YORK, 1965

Ji Agenda item 107 : The inadmissibility of intervention in the domestic affairs of States and the protection

of their independence and sovereignty*

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A/C.1/L.352A/C.1/L.353/Rev.4

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A/C.1/L.354

A/C.1/L350A/C,1/L.351

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: request for the inclusion of an additional item in theagenda of the twentieth session ........................................ , ................. 1

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: draft resolntion .......................... ' ............ 2

Argentina, Bolivia, B,razil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, E1 Salvador, Guatemala,Haiti, HondUras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela:revised draft resolution ................................................................ 3

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, E1 Salvador, Guatemala,Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela:revised draft resolution ................................................................ 4

United States of America: amendments to document A/C.1/L.343/Rev.1 .................... 5

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: amendments to document A/C.1/L.343/Rev.1 ........................................................................... 6

Pakistan: amendments to document A/C.1/L.343/Rev.1 .................................... 6

Algeria, Burma, Biarundi, Cameroon, Cyprus, India, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon,Libya, Malawi, Mall, Mauritania, Nigeria, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Togo,Uganda, United Arab Republic, United Republic of Tanzania, Yemen, Yugoslavia andZambia: revised draft resolution ........................................................ 7

India: amendments to document A/C.1/L.349/Rev.1 and Add.1 ............... ............. 8

Page

Plenary meetings :

A/6220 Report of the First Committee ............................................................ 9

Action taken by the General Assembly .............................................................................. 10

Cheek llst of documents ............................................................................................ 11

* For the discussion of this item, see Official Records of the General Assembly, Twentieth Session, First Comnffttee, 1395thto 1406th, 1420th, 1422nd and 1423rd meetings; and ibid., Plenary Meetings, 1408th meeting.

DOCUMENT A/5977

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: request for the inclusion of an additional item in the agenda ofthe twentieth session

LETTER DATED 24 SEPTEMBER 1965 FROÿ TÿE MIN-ISTER FOR FOREruN AFFAIRS OF THE UNION OF SO-VIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS TO THE PRESIDENT OF THEGENERAL ASSEIÿBLY

On the instructions of the Government of the Unionof Soviet Socialist Republics, I have the honour torequest, in accordance with rule 15 of the rules of pro-cedure of the General Assembly, the inclusion of an itementitled "The inadmissibility of irÿtervention in the do-mestic affairs of States and the protection of theirindependence and sovereignty" in the agenda of thetwentieth session of the General Assembly as an im-portant and urgent question.

[Original text: Russian][24 September 1965]

I enclose herewith the explanatory memorandumrequired by rule 20 of the rules of procedure, and adraft declaration on this question.

(Signed) A. GRoÿaxr:oMinister for Foreign Affairs oI the Union

of Soviet Socialist Republics

EXPLANATORY MEiM ORANDUN£

1. There has, of late, been a considerable increasein international tension. Certain Powers are seeking to• impede the advance of history by aggressive acts and

open intervention in the domestic affairs of sovereignStates and peoples fighting against colonial domination,

Annexes (XX) 107

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General AssemblyÿTwentleth Session--Annexes

for their national liberation and for their independentsovereign existence.

2. Experience offers convincing evidence that notonly aggression and intervention but any form of pres-sure on peoples engeuders tension and distrust betweenStates and creates a threat to peace throughout theworld.

3. A broad group of peace-loving African, Asianand Latin American States are rightfully seeking theadoption at the international level of ÿffective measuresfor the protection of countries and peoples from foreignintervention in their domestic affairs.

4. The inadmissibility of any form of interventionby States in the domestic affairs of other States makesit imperative that the United Nations should makefresh efforts to secure the strict application of this im-portant principle, which is affirmed in Article 2, para-graph 4, of the United Nations Charter.

5. The Soviet Government has therefore decided tosubmit for consideration by the General Assembly adraft declaration on the inadmissibility of interventionin the domestic affairs of States and on the protectionof their independence and sovereignty.

6. The Soviet Government is deeply convinced thatadoption of the declaration would be an importantstep on the part of the United Nations to support thepeoples of Africa, Asia and Latin America which havecast off the chains of colonialism, have created na-tional States and now regard it as their main task tostrengthen their political independence and secure theireconomic independence. Approval of the declarationwould, in particular, be in the vital interest of the smallcountries, which are often unable by themselves to

protect their rights and defend their independence andsovereignty from imperialist intervention.

7. The Soviet Government considers that adoptionof the declaration would represent a further concretedefinition and development of the principles of theUnited Nations Charter, and in particular of the prin-ciple that all Members of the United Nations shouldrefrain in their internatibnal relations from the threator use of force against the territorial integrity orpolitical independence of any State, or in any othermanner inconsistent with the purposes of the UnitedNations•

8. The Soviet Government, for its part, is preparedto make every effort to further the drafting and adoptionof such a declaration by the General Assembly.

9. The Soviet Government is convinced that theUnited Nations can and must help to ensure that alloutside intervention in the affairs of sovereign Statesand peoples is brought to an end.

10. The Soviet Government expresses the hopethat the States Members of the United Nations willco-operate in this important matter, which will con-tribute to the strengthening of peace throughout/theworld. !

DRAFT DECLARATION ON THE INADMISSIBILITY OF iN-TERVENTION IN THE DOMESTIC AFFAIRS OF STATESAND ON THE PROTECTION OF THEIR INDEPENDENCEAND SOVEREIGNTY

[For the text o] the draft declaration, which wassubsequently submitted as document A/C.L.343/Rev.1,see below.]

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DOCUMENT A/C.1/L.343/REV.1

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: draft resolution

[Original text: Russian][25 November 1965]

can build their national economy and develop theirnational culture ;

Recalls that the Charter of the United Nations im-poses upon all Members of the United Nations an ob-ligation to refrain in their international relations fromthe threat or use of force against the territorial integrityor political independence of any State, or in any othermanner inconsistent with the purposes of the UnitedNations ;

Recalls ]urther that the Charter of the United Nationsproclaims the principle of the sovereign equality ofall Members of the United Nations and declares inad-missible any intervention in the domestic affairs ofStates and that this universally recognized principleof international law has also been emphasized repeatedlyin the decisions and declarations of the Bandung,Belgrade and Cairo conferences, in which many StatesMembers of the Umted Natmns participated;

In the light of the above, the General dssemblyregards it as its duty:

1. To reaffirm that every sovereign State and everypeople has an inalienable right to freedom and inde-pendence and to defend its sovereignty and that thisright must be fully protected;

The General AssemblyDraws the attention of all Governments and peoples

to the seriousness of the international situation and theincreased threat to world peace resulting from thearmed intervention by some States in the domesticaffairs of other States and the carrying out of acts ofoutright aggression directed against the freedom andindependence of sovereign States;

Expresses alarm at the fact that the armed interven-tion by some States in the domestic affairs of otherStates in various areas is creating breeding groundsof war, increasing international tension, and makingmore difficult the solution of urgent international prob-lems and the peacefnl settlement of disputes betweenStates ;

Notes with concern that the violations 'of the prin-ciple of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of in-dependent States are creating a particular threat tothe independence of those States which have won theirindependence in the struggle against colonialism andare concerned with ensuring conditions in which they

DRAFT DECLARATION ON TIIE INADMISSIBILITY OF IN-TERVENTION IN TIlE DOMESTIC AFFAIRS OF STATESAND TIlE PROTÿECTION OF THEIR INDEPtÿNDENCE ANDSOVEREIGNTY

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Agenda item 107

2. To urge all States Members of the United Nations •fulfil strictly the obligations which they have assumed

11der the Charter of the United Nations;3. To demand emphatically that acts constitutingreed or any other type of intervention in the domestichirs of States, as well as any acts directed against

just struggle of peoples for nationa! independencend freedom, should be halted forthwith and shouldii0t be permitted in the future ;

4. To call upon all States to be guided in their inter-national relations by the principle of mutual respect andof non-lntervention in domestic affairs for any reason,whether economic, political or ideological.

The General Assembly warns those States which, indefiance of the Charter of the United Nations, areengaged in intervention in the domestic affairs of otherStates that, in so doing, they are assuming a heavyburden of international responsibility before all peoples.

DOCUMENT A/C.1/L.349/REV.1 AND ADD.11

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, E1 Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti,Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela: revised draftresolution

[(. 'i'

1 The only difference between the English texts of documentsA/C.1/L.349 and A/C.1/L.349/Rev.1 was in the third paragraphof the preamble of the draft resolution, which in documentA/C.1/L.349 began as follows: "Recalling that both direct in-tervention and the new forms of indirect intervention...".

Convinced that direct or indirect intervention violatesthe principles of the sovereign equality of States andof the self-determination of peoples, which are theessence of the Charter of the United Nations, and canhinder the Organization's programmes for promotingeconomic and social progress,

1. Reaffirms that it is an obligation of every Stateor group of States to refrain from any act of interven-tion, whether direct or indirect, in the internal or ex-ternal affairs of other States and that the fulfilment ofthat obligation is an essential requirement for the effec-tive maintenance of international peace and security;

2. Emphasizes that respect for the right of peoplesto self-determination, in order that they may chooseand apply their political, social, economic and culturalsystem without any outside intervention, is an essentialelement of that obligation;

3. Condemns all forms of intervention, whether di-rect or indirect, intended to impair the sovereignty,the autonomy, the security or the political, economicand cultural integrity of States;

4. Draws attention, in particular, among indirectforms of intervention, to the organizing and trainingof armed bands or subversive agents to engage, in theterritory of any other States or States, in missionsof sedition, terrorism and sabotage, to the financing ofthose operations and the supply of arms or other meansfor those ends, and to incitement to rebellion;

5. Considers that measures which competent interna-tional organs take for the maintenance of peace or theprotection of human rights in accordance with theCharter of the United Nations do not constituteintervention;

6. Appeals urgently to Member States to refrainfrom any intervention, whether direct or indirect, and,instead, to direct their energies and resources towardseffective co-operation for the advancement of the devel-oping countries.

The General Assembly declares that the practice ofany form of intervention not only violates the spiritand letter of the Charter but also leads to the creationof situations which threaten internat[onal peace andsecurity.

The General Assembly,RecogniNng that full observance of the principle of

the non-intervention of States in the internal and ex-ternal affairs of other States is essential to the fulfihnentof the purposes and principles of the United Nations,

s Bea;ring in mind that this principle ensures the sove-E reignty and equal rights of all nations as well as their

eaceful coexistence,Recalling that both direct intervention and the forms

s ÿ0f indirect intervention are contrary to this principle, {and, consequently, a violation of the Charter of the

United Nations,Recalling that the principle of non-intervention is

linked with the movement for the liberation of Latin!America and that since that time it has been givenconcrete expression in various inter-American instru-ments, especially those adopted at the Conferences ofMontevideo, Buenos Aires, Chapultepec and Bogoth,as well as in documents drawn up at the conferencesof Afro-Asian and of non-aligned countries held atBandung, Belgrade and Cairo,

Noting that the Charter of the Organization ofAmerican States provides in article 15 that "No Stateor group of States has the right to intervene, directlyor indirectly, for any reason whatever, in the internalor external affairs of any other State" and that "Theforegoing principle prohibits not only armed force butalso any other form of interference or attempted threatagainst the personality of the State or against its politi-cal, economic and cultural elements",

Noting with concern the continued use of direct formsof intervention and the increasing resort to indirectformsÿ

Considering that violation of the principle of non-intervention poses a threat to the independence andthe normal and free political, econorrÿc and culturaldevelopment of countries, particularly those which havefreed themselves from colonialism, and can pose a seri-ous threat to the maintenance of peace,

[Original text: Spanish][6 December 1965]

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DOCUMENT Aic.1/L.349/REV.2

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, E1 Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti,Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela: revised draftresolution

The General Assemb!y,

Recognizing that full observance of the principle ofthe non-intervention of States in the internal and ex-ternal affairs of other States is essential to the fulfilmentof the purposes and principles of the United Nations,

Bearing in mind that this principle ensures the sove-reignty and equal rights of all nations as well as theirpeaceful coexistence,

Recalling that both direct intervention and the formsof indirect intervention are contrary to this principleand, consequently, a violation of the Charter of theUnited Nations,

Recalling that the principle of non-intervention islinked with the movement for the liberation of LatinAmerica and that since that time it has been givenconcrete expression in various inter-American instru-ments, especially those adopted at the Conferences ofMontevideo, Buenos Aires, Chapultepee and Bogot£,

Recalling further that the independent nations of Asiaand Africa, as also the non-aligned nations, have, in theDeclarations of Bandung, Belgrade and Cairo, affirmedtheir vital concern with the strict observance of the prin-ciple of non-intervention in all its ramifications,

Noting that the Charter of the Organization ofAmerican States, signed in 1948, provides in article 15that "No State or group of States has the right tointervene, directly or indirectly, for any reason what-ever, in the internal or external affairs of any otherState" and that "The foregoing principle prohibits notonly armed force but also any other form of interferenceor attempted threat against the personality of the Stateor against its political, economic and cultural elements",

Noting that the Declaration of the Second Conferenceof Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Coun-tries, held at Cairo in 1964, states that "every Statenmst abstain from interfering in the affairs of otherStates, whether openly, or insidiously, or by means ofsubversion and the various forms of political, economicand military pressure",

Noting further that the Charter of the Organizationof African Unity affirms in article III the adherenceof the members of that Organization to the principlesof "non-interference ÿin the internal affairs of States"and "urireserved ten'detonation, in all its forms, of po-litical assassination as well as of subversive activitieson the part of neighbouring States or any other State",

Noting with concern the continued use of direct formsof intervention and the increasing resort to indirectforms,

Considering that violation of the principfe of non-intervention poses a threat to the independence and thefree and normal political, economic, social and culturaldevelopment of countries, particularly those which havefreed themselves from colonialism, and can pose aSerious threat to the maintenance of peace,

[Original text: Spanish][9 December 1965]

Recalling General Assembly resolutions 1514 (XV)and 1541 (XV) concerning the immediate attainmentof freedom by colonial countries and peoples,

Convinced that direct or indirect intervention violatesthe principles of the sovereign equality of States andof the self-determination of peoples, which are enjoinedby the Charter of the United Nations, and can hinderthe Organization's programmes for .promoting economicand social progress,

Fully convinced that peace and freedom are interde-pendent,

Mindful that in their policies a!! States should fullyrespect the independence, complete sovereignty andterritorial integrity of States,

1. Reafirrns that it is an obligation of every Stateor group of States to refrain from any act of interven-tion, whether direct or indirect, in the internal or ex-ternal affairs of other States and that the fulfilmentof that obligation is an essential requirement for theeffective maintenance of international peace and security;

2. Emphasiaes that respect for the right of peoplesto self-determin'ation, in order that they may chooseand apply their political, social, economic and culturalsystem without any outside intervention, is an essentialelement of that obligation;

3. Emphasiaes further the urgent need to respectthat right, as stipulated in the Charter of the UnitedNations and in General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV),entitled "Declaration on the granting of independenceto colonial countries and peoples", and resolution1541 (xv) ;

4. Condemns all forms of intervention, whether di-rect or indirect, intended to impair the sovereignty,the autonomy, the security or the political, economicand cultural integrity of States;

5. Points out especially that no State may use orencourage the use of measures of an economic or po-litical character to coerce another State and to obtainfrom it advantages of any kind and that, in particular,States shall not organize, assist, foment, finance, inciteor tolerate subversive, terrorist or armed activitiesagainst another State or interfere in civi! strife inanother State;

6. Considers that measures which competent intex'na-tional organs take for the maintenance of peace or theprotection of human rights in accordance with theCharter of the United Nations do not constituteintervention ;

7. Appeals urgently to Member States to refrainfrom any intervention, whether direct or indirect, andinstead to direct their energies and resources towardseffective co-operation for the advancement of the devel-oping countries ;

8. Declcÿres that the practice of any form of inter-vention not only violates the spirit and letter of theCharter but also leads to the creation of situations whichthreaten international peace and security.

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Agenda item 107

DOCUMENT A/C.1/L.350*

United States of America: amendments to document A/C.1/L.343/Rev.1

SUBSTANTIVE ANfENDMENTS

1. The first preambular paragraph: insert "subver-t' and" loll ........slon owing acts ot .

2. In the second preambular paragraph:I (a) Insert "direct or indirect" after "intervention";

i, (b) Substitute "any area of the world creates" for'various areas is creating".

i' 3. Add the following new preambular paragraphsifter the second preambular paragraph:

"Con'dnced that respect for the principle of self-determination and for the fulfilment of obligationsunder internationa! law are essentia! for an enduringpeace and for man's survival, happiness and well-being in a world characterized by the existence ofdiffering social, political and economic systems,

"Recognizing that an integral part of the principleof self-determination is the right of every independentcountry freely to choose, develop, and defend againstexternal threat its own path of economic, social, cul-tural and politica! development without any externa!interference but with such external assistance as itmay, in the exercise of its sovereignty, decide to seekand accept,".

4. In the present fourth preambular paragraph:(a) Insert "and the essentia! principles of interna-

tional law" after "Charter of the United Nations":(b) Substitute "all States" for "all Members of the

United Nations" before "an obligation":

(e) Add the following at the end of the varagraph:"and noting accordingly that any violation of the prin-dDle of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of

! States is inadmissible and contrary to the sovereigneouality" guaranteed to all Members of the Unitÿed,,Nations by Article 2, paragraph 1, of the Charter, .

5. In the present fifth preambular paragraph:(a) Delete "the Charter of the United Nations vro-

claims the vrinciDle of the sovereign equality of allMembers of the United Nations and declares inadmis-sible any intervention in the domestic affairs of States• and that" ;

(b) Add "established in the Charter" after "law";(e) After "declarations of", add "many conferences,

such as those in Bogota, Punta del Este,".6. Add a new preambular paragraph after the fifth

paragraph, as follows :"Recalling further its cal! to every nation in reso-

lution 290 (IV) to refrain from any acts, direct orindirect, aimed at impairing the freedom, independ-ence or integrity of any State or at fomenting civilstrife and subverting the wi!l of the people in anyState", . T7. In paragraph 1 :(a) Delete "sovereign Stateÿand every" before

,€ ,,people ;(b) Insert "self-determination and thus to establish

its" after "every people has an'inalienable right to";

• Incorporating document A/C.1/L.350/C, orr:l.

[Original text: English][3 December 1965]

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(c) After "independence" delete "and", and insert"separately or in association with other peoples, andthat every sovereign State has the right";

(d) Change "this right" to "these rights".8. Add a new paragraph 2 as follows:

"Condemns any intervention, direct or indirect, byone State in the internal affairs of another State,whether such intervention involves armed attacksand invasion, or the initiation, promotion or supportof movements which seek the forcible overthrow ofthe Government of an independent State, includingthe training and infiltration of personnel, the promo-tion of snbversion or terrorism, and the clandestinesupply of arms and other materiel ;".9. The present paragraph 2 should become the final

paragraph.10. In the present paragraph 3 :(a) Insert "any" before "acts";(b) Insert "attack, subversion or terrorism," after

"armed" ;

(c) Insert "direct or indirect" after "intervention";(d) Insert "in violation of the Charter" after

"States" ;(e) Substitute "and in particular any such acts" for

"as well as any acts";

(f) Insert "designed to frustrate the just aspirations"in place of "directed against the just struggle" beforethe words "of peoples" and insert after "peoples" thewords: "to decide their own political destinies throughthe free and unfettered exercise of their right of self-determination or to impair their just right to defendand preserve their" deleting the word "for" before"national independence and freedom".

11. In the vresent paragraph 4, insert "whetherthrough armed attacks or subversion and" after"affairs".

12. Delete the final (unnumbered) paragraph, andsubstitute the present paragi-aph 2 in its place asparagraph 5.

TECIINICAL OR STYLISTIC AMENDMENTS

1. In the first preambular paragraph :(a) Change "Draws" to "Drawing" ;(b) Delete "the" before "armed";(c) Change "some States" to "any State".2. In the second preambular paragraph :(a) Change "Expresses alarm" to "Concerned" ;(b) Delete "the" before "armed" and substitute

"anyÿ' ;

(c) Delete "some" before "States".3. In the present third preambular paragraph :(a) Change "Notes with concern" to "Noting" ;(b) Delete "the" before "violations";(c) Substitute "create" for "are creating".4. In the present fourth preambular paragraph :

• ,, ,, ,, ,,(a) Change Recalls to Recalling ;(b)ÿ Substitute "impose" for "Imposes".

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6 General Assembly--Twentieth Session--Annexes

5. In the present fifth preambular paragraph:(a) Change "Recalls" to "Recalling";(b) Delete "also" before "been emphasized";(c) Delete "the" before "decisions" and before

"Bandung" ;

(d) Delete "conferences" after "Cairo".

6. Delete the sentence prior to paragraph 1 whichbegins: "In the light of...".

7. In paragraph 1, change "To re@firm" to"Affirms".

8. In the present paragraph 2, change "To u.rge" to"Urges".

9. In the present paragraph 3, change "To demand"to "Deÿnds".

10. In the present paragraph 4, change "To call"to "Calls".

DOCUMENT A/C.1/L.351 Alger

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: amendments to document AiC.1/L.343/Rev.1

First preambular paragraph:After "resulting" amend to read "from covert or

armed intervention in the domestic affairs of Statesand the carrying out of acts of subversion andaggression...".

Second preambuIar paragraph:(a) For "Expresses alarm" read "'Concerned";(b) After "armed intervention" omit "by some

States" ;

(c) After "in various areas" insert "and attempts tosubvert the Governments of other sovereign independentStates" ;

(d) Omit "is creating breeding grounds of war" ;(e) For "increasing" read "increase" and for "mak-

ing" read "make".

Third preambular paragraph:(a) After "independent States" insert "and in par-

ticular attempts to foment new revolutions in theseStates" ;

(b) For "are creating" read "create".

Fourth preambular paragraph:

Replace by "Convinced that respect for the principleof equa! rights and self-determination of peoples and forthe obligations arising from treaties and other sourcesof international law is essential for an enduring peace,".

Fifth preambular paragraph:Replace by "Recalling the provisions of the Charter

of the United Nations concerning the sovereign equalityof all Members of the United Nations,".

Insert new preambular paragraph after the fifth para-graph:"Recalling further its call to every nation in resolu-

tion 290 (IV) to refraÿn from any threats or acts, direct


or indirect, aimed at impairing the freedom, independ-ence or integrity of any State or at fomenting civilstrife and subverting the will of people in any State,".

Paragraph 1:

Replace by "To tea)firm that every sovereign Statehas an inalienable right to freedom and to defend itssovereignty and that these rights and the principle ofself-determination must be fully respected ;".

Paragraph 3:

Replace by "To reaÿrm the obligation on all Mem-ber States under Article 2 (4) of the Charter to refrainin their international relations from the threat or use offorce against the territoi'ial integrity or political inde-pendence of any State or in any other manner incon-sistent with the purposes of the United Nations ;".

Insert new paragraph 4 aÿ follows:"Solemnly to declare that every State has the duty to

refrain from instigating, assisting or organizing civilstrife or committing terrorist acts in another State orfrom conniving at or acquiescing in organized activitiesdirected towards such ends;".

Renumber paragraph 4 as paragraph 5.

Insert a new paragraph 6:"To call upon a!l States, in conformity with the fore-

going, to oppose firmly all forms of subversion con-ceived, organized or financed by foreign Powers directedto the overthrow of lawfully constituted Governmentsof sovereign independent States.".

Replace the final paragraph by new paragraph:"The General Assembly declares that nothing in

this resolution affects the right and dnty of MemberStates to co-operate with one another in accordancewith the Charter and to seek opportunities for en-couraging closer relations in the politica!, social, eco-nomic and cultural fields.".

DOCUMENT A/C.1/L.352Pakistan: amendments to document A/C. 1/L.343/Rev.1


1. Add at the end of paragraph 2 the words "and other international agree-ments and treaties ;".

2. Add in paragraph 3 the word "self-determination," between the words"for" and "national independence".

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Agenda item 107 7

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3. Add as paragraph 5 :"To further call upon all States to undertake unconditionally the obliga-

tion to settle their international disputes by peacefu! means, such as mediation,conciliation, arbitration and resort to the International Court of Justice,irrespective of any conditions or" reservations attached to their acceptance ofthe compulsory jurisdiction of the Court.".

DOCUMENT A/C.1/L.353/REV.4 AND ADD.1

L.343/Rev.1

"xt: English]:ember 1965]

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litieal inde-anner incon-ations ;".

Algeria, Burnm, Burundi, Cameroon, Cyprus, India, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya,Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Togo, Uganda, UnitedArab Republic, United Republic of Tanzania, Yemen, Yugoslavia and Zambia: revised draftresolution

The General Assembly,Recalling that the peoples of the United Nations de-

clared their determination to save succeeding genera-tions from the scourge of war, which twice has broughtuntold sorrow to manldnd,

Recalling further that the peoples of the UnitedNations declared their readiness to unite their strengthto maintain international peace and security,

Considering that one of the basic principles and pur-poses of the United Nations Charter is to developfriendly relations among nations based on respect forthe principles of equal rights and self-determination ofpeoples .and independence, complete sovereignty andterritorial integrity of states and nations,

Noting that it is its duty, in accordance with theCharter, to make recommendations related to the pro-gressive deve!opment of internationa! law and its codi-fication,

Fully convinced that peace and freedom are inter-dependent,

Conscious of the obligations of all States to observestrictly their duty not to interfere, directly or indirectly,in any form, in the interna! or external affairs of Statesand nations,

Believing that the practice of intervention by Statesin the internal or externa! affairs of States hampers thefree will of States and peoples to determine their policiesin the best manner fit and suitable for their needs, andconsequently impedes the promotion of internationalpeace and co-operation,

Firmly believing that colonialism in any form ormanifestation still practised against States and peoplesconstitutes a gross violation of the principle of non-intervention, and hampers the sacred right of everyState and people to their freedom and sovereignty overtheir territories and natural resources,

Fully convinced that policies of apartheid and racialdiscrimination are basically in contravention of thefundamental human rights and the dignity of man,

Reaffirming its Declarÿation on the Granting of Inde-pendence to Colonial Countries and Peoples adoptedin its resolution 1514 (XV),

Considering that armed intervention is synonymouswith aggression, and as such is considered in contra-diction with the basic principles on which peaceful inter-national co-operation between States should be built,

Confirming its belief that the principles of non-inter-vention will lead to the establishment of a world ofpeace and justice,


Convinced that attempts to deprive the peoples oftheir national identity are a violation of their rights andare inconsistent with the principle of non-intervention,

Bearing in mind that the princip!e of non-interventionhas been embodied in the basic constitutions and statutesof all regional organizations in the world,

Aÿrming the principle of non-intervention as statedin the charters of the Organization of American States,the League of Arab States and the Organization ofAfrican Unity. and proclaimed at the Conferences ofiV[ontevideo, Buenos Aires, Chapultepec and Bogot£as well as in the decisions of the Asian-African Confer-ence at Bandung and the Conference of Heads of Stateor Government of Non-Alimled Countries at Belgrade,and in the "Programme for Peace and InternationalCo-operatlon" adorÿted at the end of the Cairo Confer-ence of Heads of State or Government of Non-AlignedCountries,

Noting the Charter of the Organization of AfricanUnity which affirms in article III the commitment ofmembers of that Organization to "non-interference inthe internal affairs of States" and "unreserved con-demnatlon, in all its forms, of political assassination aswell as of subversive activities on the part of neiÿhbour-ing States or any other State", and also the declarationon non-interference adopted by the Heads of State ofthe African countries in Aecra on 24 October 1965,

Fully aware of the imperative need to create appro-priate conditions which would enable al! States, and inparticular the developing States, to choose without dur-ess or coercion their own political, economic and socialinstitutions,

In the light oÿ the above, the Member States oÿ theUnited Nÿtions solemnly declare:

1. That no State or group of States is entitled tointerfere, directly or indirectly, in any form, in the inter-nal or external affairs of any State;

2. That every State has an inalienable right to chooseits political, economic, social and cultural systems, with-out interference in any form by another State or groupof States ;

3. That all States shall respect the'right of self-determination and independence of peoples and nationsto be freely exercised without any foreign pressure;

4. That colonialism in any form impairs the right ofpeoples to determine their own future and develop theirown resources in a manner which meets their needs;

5. That the policies of apartheid and racial discrimi-nation are policies contrary to the principle of non-

8 General AssemblyÿTwentleth SessionÿAnnexes

intervention, due to the fact that these policies notonly impair the free will of the people who suffer fromthese policies, but they moreover deny them theirinalienable right freely to choose their own political,economic, social and cultural systems;

6. That the use of force to dislocate peoples and thedenial to them of their national identity are direct viola-tions of their inherent rights and are inconsistent withthe principle of non-intervention;

7. That it is the duty of all States not to interferewith or hinder the legitimate exercise by any other

people, presently under colonial or foreign domination,of their sacred right to self-determination and inde-pendence ;

8. That all States should refrain from any policyaimed at bringing economic or political pressure to bearon States and peoples which would impair their freedomto develop their own political, economic, social and cul-tural systems ;

9. That a!l States have the duty to abide strictly bythe principle of non-intervention in accordance with thisdeclaration.

DOCUMENT A/C.1/L.354

India: amendments to document A!C.1/L.349/Rev.1 and Add.1

1. In the fourth preambular paragraph, after "Bo-gota", delete the words "as wel! as in documents drawnup at the Conferences of Afro-Asian and of non-alignedcountries held at Bandnng, Belgrade and Cairo".

2. Add two new preambular paragraphs after thepresent fourth paragraph, as follows:

"Recalling further that the independent nations ofAsia and Africa, as also the non-aligned nations,have, in the Declarations of Bandnng 1955, Belgrade1961 and Cairo 1964, affirmed their vital concern withthe strict observance of the principle of non-interven-tion in all its ramifications,

"Noting that the Declaration of the Second Con-ference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at Cairo in 1964, states that'every State must abstain from interfering in theaffairs of other States, whether openly or insidiouslyor by means of subversion and the various forms ofpolitical, economic and military pressure',".3. After the present fifth preambular paragraph, add

a new preambular paragraph as follows:"Noting further that the Charter of the Organiza-

tion of African Unity affirms in article III the com-mitment of the members of that Organization to'non-interference in the internal affairs of States' and'unreserved condemnation, in all its forms, of political

assassination as well as of subversive activities on thepart of neighbouring States or any other State',".4. In the present seventh preambular paragraph, add

the word "social" after "economic".

5. After the present seventh preambular paragraph,add the following new preambular paragraph:

"Recalling Generalÿ Assembly resolutions 1514(XV) and 1541 (XCV) concerning the immediateattainment of freedom by colonia! countries andpeoples,".

6. In the present eighth preambular paragraph, re-place the words "which are the essence of the Charterof the United Nations" by the words "which areenjoined by the Charter of the United Nations".

7. Replace the present operative paragraph 2 by thefollowing new operative paragraphs and renumber theparagraphs accordingly :


"Emphasizes the urgent need to respect the right

of peoples to self-determination, as stipulated in theCharter of the United Nations and in GeneralAssembly resolution 1514 (XV), entitled "Declara-tion on the granting of independence to colonial coun-tries and peoples", and resolution 1541 (XV) ;

"Endorses the provisions embodied in the Charter

of the Organization of American States, as well asin the Declaration of the Second Conference of Headsof State or Government of Non-Aligned Countriesand the resolution adopted by the Organization ofAfrican Unity on the inviolability of boundaries ofStates and the non-recognition of territoria! acquisi-tions obtained by force;

"Emphasizes further that no State may use or en-

courage the use of measures of an economic or politi-cal character to coerce another State and obtain fromit advantages of any kind and that, in particular.States shall not organize, assist, foment, incite ortolerate subversive, terrorist or armed activitiesagainst another State or interfere in civil strife in'another State ;"

8. Reword the present operative paragraph 3 asfollows :

"Condemns all forms of intervention, whether

armed or otherwise, direcf or indirect, under anypretext whatsoever, which impair the sovereignty.the autonomy, the security or the political, economicand cultural integrity of States ;".

9. Delete the present operative paragraphs 4 and 5.

10. Reword the present operative paragraph 6 asfollows :

"Calls upon a!l States to refrain from any inter-

vention, whether armed or otherwise,, direct or in-direct, under any pretext whatsoever, and, instead,to direct their energies and resources towards effec-tive co-operation for the advancement of the develop-ing countries ;".

11. In the final operative paragraph, delete thewords "The General Assembly" and number the para-graph "7".

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Agenda item 107 '9

DOCUMENT A/6220Report of the First Committee

Recommendation of the First Committee

16. The First Committee therefore recommends tothe General Assembly the adoption of the followingdraft resolution :

DECLARATION ON THE INADMISSIBILITY OF INTERVEN-TION IN THE DOMESTIC AFFAIRS OF STATES AND THEpROTECTION OF THEIR • INDEPENDENCE AND SOVE-ILEIGNTY

[Text adopted by the General Assembly withoutchange. See "Action taken by the General Assembly"below.]


13. At the 1420th meeting, on 18 December, therepresentatived of Peru and Mali introduced a draftresolution (A/C.1/L.364) sponsored by Algeria, Ar-gentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon,Chile, Colombia, the Congo (Democratic Republic of),Costa Rica, Dahomey, Ecuador, E1 Salvador, Ethiopia,Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iraq, IvoryCoast, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mali,Mauritania, Mexico, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Panama, Para-guay, Peru, Rwanda, Sandi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Syria,Tunisia, the United Arab Republic, the United Republicof Tanzania, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yemen and Yugo-slavia. Subsequently, Afghanistan, the Congo (Brazza-ville), Cyprus, Gabon, Iran, Malawi, the Niger, Togo,Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda and Zambia joined thesponsors ( A/C.1/L.364/Add.1) .

14. At its 1422nd meeting, on 20 December, theFirst Committee, after deciding without objection togive priority in the voting to the fifty-seven-power draftresolution (A/C.1/L.364 and Add.l), adopted it by aroll-call vote of 100 to none, with 5 abstentions. Thevoting was as follows:

In favour: Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Aus-tria, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Burundi, Byelo-russian Soviet Socialist Republic, Cameroon, Canada,Central African Republic, Ceylon, Chile, China, Colom-bia, Congo (Brazzaville), Congo (Democratic Repub-lic of), Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Da-homey, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, E1Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, Ghana,Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,Iceland, India, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, IvoryCoast, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon,Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi,Malaysia, Mall, Mauritania, Mexico, Mongolia, Mo-rocco, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, SierraLeone, Somalia, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Syria, Thai-land, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,Uganda, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics, United Arab Republic,United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America,Upper Volta, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zambia.

Against : None.Abstaining: Australia, Belgium, Netherlands, New

Zealand, United Kingdom of Great Britain and North-ern Ireland.

15. After t.he vote the Chairman stated that he hadbeen informed that the sponsors of the other draft reso-lutions had agreed not to press for a vote on their drafts.

!. On 24 September 1%5, the Union of Soviet So-cialist Republics requested (A/5977), the inclusion inthe agenda of the twentieth session of the GeneralAssembly of an item entitled "The inadmissibility ofintervention in the domestic affairs of States and theprotection of their independence and sovereignty".

2. At its 161st meeting, on 27 September 1965, theGeneral Committee decided to reeommmend to theGeneral Assembly the inclusion of the item in theagenda of the twentieth session of the General Assem-bly and its allocation to the First Committee.

3. At its 1340th plenary meeting, on 28 September1965, the General Assembly approved the reeommenda-

tion of the General Committee (A/5999).4. The First Committee considered this item at its

1395th to 1406th meetings, from 3 to 10 December,at its 1420th meeting, on 18 December, and at its 1422ndand 1423rd meetings, on 20 December 1965.

5. At the 1395th meeting, on 3 December 1965, therepresentative of the USSR introduced a draft resolu-tion (A/C.1/L.343/Rev.1) entitled "Draft declarationon the inadmissibility of intervention in the domesticaffairs of States and the protection of their independenceand sovereignty". [For the text, see p. 2 above.]

6. On 3 December 1965, amendments to the USSRdraft resolution (A/C.1/L.343/Rev.1) were submittedby the United States of America (A./C.1/L.350 andCorr.1). [For the text, see p. 5 above.]

7. On 6 December, amendments to the USSR draftresolution were submitted by the United Kingdom(A/C.1/L.351). [For the text, see p. 6 above.]

8. On the same day, amendments to the USSR draftresolution were submitted by Pakistan (A/C.1/L.352).[For the text, see p. 6 above.]

9. Also at the 1395th meeting, the representative ofColombia introduced a draft resolution (A/C.1/L.349)sponsored by Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colom-bia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, E1 Salvador, Haiti, Honduras,Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguayand Venezuela. On 6 December, the sponsors, joinedby Guatemala, submitted a revised draft resolution (A/C.1/L.349/Rev.1 and Add.l). [For the text, see p. 3above.]"

10. On 8 December, amendmefits to the eighteen-Power draft resolution (A/C.1/L.349/Rev.1 andAdd.l) were submitted by India (A/C.1/L.354): [Forthe text, see p. 8 above.]

11. On 9 December, a second revised text of theeighteen-Power draft resolution (A/C.1/L349/Rev.2)was submitted. [For the text, see !I 4 above.]

12. On 6 December, a draft resolution was submittedby the United Arab Republic (A/C.1/L.353) which,in its final revised form (A/C.1/L.353/rRev.4 andAdd.l), was sponsored by Algeria, Burma, Burundi,Cameroon, Cyprus, India, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait,Lebanon, Libya; Malawi, Mall, Mauritania, Nigeria,Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, the Sudan, Syria, Togo,Uganda, the United Arab Republic, the United Repub-lie of Tanzania, Yemen, Yugoslavia and Zambia [Forthe text, see p. 7 above.]

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l0General AssemblyÿTwentieth Session--Annexeÿ

ACTION TAKEN BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLYAt its 1408th plenary meeting, on 21 December 1965, the General Assembly

adopted the draft resolution submitted by the First Committee (A/6220, para. 16).For the final text, see resolution 2131 (XX) below.

7. For tterm "Statÿof States ;

8. Nothaffecting ir

Resolution adopted by the Generalr Assembly

2131 (XX). DECLARATION ON THE INADMISSIBILITY OFINTEIÿVENTION IN THE DOIÿESTIC AFFAIRS OFSTATES AND THE PROTECTION OF TEEIR INDE-

rENDENCE AND SOVEREIGNTY

The General Asserÿbly,

Deeply concerned at the gravity of tlÿe internationalsituation and the increasing threat to universal peacedue to armed intervention and other direct or indirectforms of interference threatening the sovereign person-ality and the political independence of States,

Considering that the United Nations, in accordancewith their aim to eliminate war, threats to the peaceand acts of aggression, created an Organization, basedon the sovereign equality of States, whose friendly rela-tions would he based on respect for the principle ofequal rights and self-determination of peoples and onthe obligation of its Members to refrain from the threator use of force against the territorial integrity or politi-cal independence of any State,

Recognizing that, in fulfilment of the principle of self-determination, the General Assembly, in the Declara-tion on the Granting of Independence to ColonialCountries and Peoples contained in resolution 1514(XV) of 14 December 1960, stated its conviction thatall peoples have an inalienable right to complete free-dom, the exercise of their sovereignty and the integrity.of their national territory, and that, by virtue of thatright, they freely determine their political status andfreely pursue their economic, social and cultural de-

velopment,Recalling that in the Universal Declaration of Human

Rights the General Assembly proclaimed that recogni-tion of the inherent dignity and of the equal and in-alienable rights of all members of the human family isthe foundation of freedom, justice and peace in theworld, without distinction of any kind,

Reaffirming the principle of non-intervention, pro-claimed in the charters of the Organization of AmericanStates, the League of Arab States and the Organizationof African Unity and affirmed at the conferences held atMontevideo, Buenos Aires, Chapultepec and Bogota,as well as'in the decisions o the Asian-African Confer-ence at Bandung, the First Conference of Heads ofState or Government of Non-Aligned Countries at Bel-grade, in the Programme for Peace and InternationalCo-operation adopted at the end of the Second Confer-ence of Heads of State or Government of Non-AlignedCountries at Cairo, and in the declaration on subversionadopted at Aecra by the Heads of State and Governmentof the African States,

Recognizing that full observance of the principle ofthe non-intervention of States in the internal and ex-ternal affairs of other States is essential to the fulfil-ment of the purposes and principles of the United

Nations,

Considering that armed intervention is synonymouswith aggression and, as such, is contrary to the basicprinciples on which peaceful international co-operationbetween States should be built,

Considering further that direct intervention, sub-version and a!l forms of indirect intervention are con-trary to these principles and, consequently, constitutea violation of the Charter of the United Nations,

Mindful that violation of the principle of non-inter-vention poses a threat to the independence, freedomand normal political, economic, social and cultural de-velopment of countries, particularly those which havefreed themselves from colonialism, and can pose a seri-ous threat to the maintenance of peace,

Fully aÿeare of the imperative need to create appro-priate conditions which would enable all States, and inparticular the developing countries, to choose withoutduress or coercion their own political, economic andsocial institutions,

In the light of the ÿoregdng considerations, solemnlydeclares:

1. No State has the right to intervene, directly orindirectly, for any reason whatever, in the internal orexternal affairs of any other State. Consequently, armedintervention and all other forms of interference or at-tempted threats against the personality of the Stateor against its political, economic and cultural elements,are condemned ;

2. No State may use or encourage the use of eco-nomic, political or any other type of measures to coerceanother State in order to obtain from it the subordina-tion of the exercise of its sovereign rights or to securefrom it advantages of any kind. Also, no State shallorganize, assist, foment, finance, incite or toleratesubversive, terrorist or armed activities directed towardsthe violent overthrow of the rÿgime of another State,or interfere in civil strife in another State;

3. The use of force to deprive peoples of their na-tiona! identity constitutes a violation of their inalienablerights and of the principle of non-intervention;

4. The strict observance of these obligations is anessential condition to ensure that nations live togetherin peace with one another, since the practice of any formof intervention not only violates the spirit and letter ofthe Charter of the United Nations but also leads to thecreation of situations which threaten international peaceand security ;

5. Every State has an inalienable right to choose itspolitical, economic, social and cultural systems, withoutinterference in any form by another State;

• 6. All States shall respect the right of self-determina-tion and independence of peoples and nations, to befreely exercised without any foreign pressure, and withabsolute respect for human rights and fundamentalfreedoms. Consequently, all States shall contribute tothe complete elimination of racial discrimination andcolonialism in all its forms and manifestations;

A/C.1/L,34

A/C.1/L.3z

A/C.1/L.3and Add

A/C.I/L.3

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Agenda item 107 11 r,ÿ

7. For the purpose of the present Declaration, theterm "State" covers both individual States and groupsof States ;

8. Nothing in this Declaration shall be construed asaffecting in any manner the relevant provisions of the

Charter of the United Nations relating to the main-tenance of international peace and security, in par-ticular those contained in Chapters VI, VII and viii.

1408th plenary ÿneeting,21 December 1965.

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CHECK LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Lÿ SUb-"e eon-

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NOTE. This check list includes the documents mentioned during the considera-tion of agenda item 107 which are not reproduced in the present fascicle.

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A/C.1/L.343

AiC.1/L,349

A/C.1/L,353and Add.1

A/C.1/L, S53/Rev.1

A/C.1/L.S53/Rev.2

A/C.1/L.SSS/Rev.3and Add.1

A/C.1/L,364and Add.1

appro-and invithoutic and

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Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: draft resolution

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, E1Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela: draft resolution

United Arab Republic and United Republic of Tanzania : draft resolution

Iraq, United Arab Republic and United Republic of Tanzania: reviseddraft resolution

Algeria, Burma, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauri-tania, Nigeria, Syria, United Arab Republic, United Republic ofTanzania and Yugoslavia: revised draft resolution

Algeria, Burma, Burundi, I,raq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya,Malawi, Mall, Mauritania, Nigeria, Rwanda, Syria, Togo, Uganda,United Arab Republic, United Republic of Tanzania, Yemen, Yugo-slavia and Zambia: revised draft resolution

Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Bu, rma, Burundi,Cameroon, Chile, Colombia, Congo (Braz,zaviUe), Congo (DemocraticRepublic of), Costa Rica, Cyprus, Dahomey, Ecuador, E1 Salvador,Ethiopia, Gabon, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iran,Iraq, Ivory Coast, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malawi,Mall, Mauritania, Mexico, Nicarag-ua, Niger, Nigeria, Panama,Paraguay, Peru, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Syria, Togo,Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, United Arab Republic, UnitedRepublic of Tanzania, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yemen, Yugoslavia andZambia: draft resolution

Observations and references

Replaced by A/C.1/L.343/Rev.1






Adopted without change. SeeA/6220, pa.ra. 16

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Documents