Unit Plan 4: Labeling BE Each unit is complete with the corresponding slides found in the main Genetic Engineering PowerPoint. Teachers have the liberty to cover the material on an as-needed basis based on alignment with class curriculum.

Estimated Time Materials 1-2 class periods PowerPoint, printable worksheets of choice from

the following lesson plan

Standards and strands Science Biology Standards

• Standard 4, Objective 2, Part d: Analyze bioethical issues and consider the role of science in determining public policy.

• Standard 4, Objective 3, Part f: Research, report, and debate genetic technologies that may improve the quality of life (e.g., genetic engineering, cloning, gene splicing).

Agricultural Science 1

• Strand 3, Standard 3, Describe benefits and risks associated with biotechnology. • Strand 3, Standard 2, Examine regularity issues and agencies associated with biotechnology,

Discuss ethical, legal, social, and cultural issues in modern biotechnology. Agricultural Science 3

• Strand 5, Standard 2, Describe the potential benefits of recombinant DNA, Identify and discuss ethical issues with applications of genetic engineering.

Assessment Options

1. Choose any of the included activities or projects as assessments.

Objectives 1. List the regulatory agencies, what the acronyms stand for, and a description of each. 2. Subdivide the National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard and summarize its parts. 3. Differentiate between the arguments for and against labeling.

Objectives Curriculum and Instruction: Content Teaching Method 1. List the regulatory

agencies, what the acronyms stand for, and a description of each.

Who regulates? 1. USDA

a. United States Department of Agriculture- safe to grow, related to plant and animal health

2. FDA a. Food and Drug Administration- safe for human consumption, food

safety, medications, biopharmaceuticals, and animal feed. Food additive approval – is there a threat to human health?

3. EPA a. Environmental Protection Agency- environmental safety, such as

pesticide regulation- are there environmental impacts?

FIGURE 9-1 U.S. regulatory agencies and their responsibilities in regulating genetically engineered crops. SOURCE: Based on Turner (2014). "9 Regulation of Current and Future Genetically Engineered Crops." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Genetically Engineered Crops: Experiences and Prospects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23395. Page 468

Genome Editing in Agriculture: Methods, Applications, and Governance. (2018, July). Retrieved September 25, 2018, from http://www.cast-science.org/file.cfm/media/products/digitalproducts/CAST_IP60_Gene_Editing_D752224D52A53.pdf Page 15

2. Subdivide the National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard and summarize its parts.

Food Labeling b. Most people eat GMO foods every day, unless you only eat foods

labeled non-GMO or certified organic. c. What about restaurants?

Consider using the Interest Approach provided by National Agriculture in the Classroom on Evaluating GMO Perspectives Through Labeling at https://www.agclassroom.org/teache

d. Up to 75% of processed foods are made from genetically modified crops.

e. Due to free speech, the supreme court ruled against GMO labeling in September of 2015. This leaves the right to label GMOs in the companies’ hands, because GMOs have not been proven “substantially different or unsafe”. This caused the removal of state laws made prior to the ruling.

f. 2016 ruling: https://www.agriculture.com/news/crops/obama-signs-historic-gmo-labeling-bill

g. 2018 implementation update: https://www.agriculture.com/news/business/usda-issues-proposed-rule-for-bioengineered-ingredient-labeling

r/matrix/lessonplan.cfm?lpid=86. Utilize National Agriculture in the Classroom’s GMO Powerpoint and Food Label Cards found in the lesson plan for this activity.

The National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard h. Suggests that highly adopted “BE” foods are the following, being

above 85% adoption: Canola- 90%, Field Corn – 92%, Cotton- 93%, Soybean-94%, Sugar Beet-100%

i. BE foods commercially available but not highly adopted, less than 85%: Non-browning apple cultivars, sweet corn, papaya, potato, summer varieties of squash

j. The amendment made on July 29, 2016 to Public Law 114-216 details the definition for bioengineered as: “(A) that contains genetic material that has been modified through in vitro recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) techniques; and (B) for which the modification could not otherwise be obtained through conventional breeding or found in nature.”

k. National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/05/04/2018-09389/national-bioengineered-food-disclosure-standard#footnote-11-p19864

l. Documents on statistics: https://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/briefs/52/download/isaaa-brief-52-2016.pdf

Have students create their own response the Establishment of a National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard given the following examples: https://www.regulations.gov/docketBrowser?rpp=25&so=DESC&sb=commentDueDate&po=0&dct=PS&D=AMS-TM-17-0050

m.

3. Differentiate between the arguments for and against labeling.

Labeling Debate; in favor a. Consumer rights b. Health issues later c. 61 countries require GMO labeling, not including the united

states d. Because 70-80% of food contains GMOs- food prices would

increase due to labeling cost to food companies, mass hysteria. e. Companies are voluntarily labeling “Non-GMO”. f. Lack of scientific basis, DNA has been manipulated for thousands

of years.

Student Created Survey on Genetically Engineered Crop Safety Issues

• http://agbiosafety.unl.edu/survey.shtml

• Integrates Social Science Research

Evaluate the surveys based on rubric from agcultures.com at https://agcultures.com/activity/GMO_crops

Additional activities based on agricultural topic: CRISPR A CRISPR Way To Fix Faulty Genes https://www.npr.org/sections/health-

shots/2014/06/26/325213397/a-crispr-way-to-fix-faulty-genes Just how easy is it to edit DNA https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/just-how-easy-is-it-to-edit-dna/ CRISPR Patent Battles, a super sized space launch, and the rise of commuter drones https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/crispr-patent-battles-a-super-sized-space-launch-and-the-rise-of-commuter-drones/ The road to CRISPR https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/the-road-to-crispr/ Is it time for CRISPR 2.0 https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/is-it-time-for-crispr-2-0/ A possible dark side of gene editing technique CRISPR https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/crispr-problems/ Genetic Engineering Will Change Everything Forever – CRISPR https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAhjPd4uNFY

General The yeast also rise https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/the-yeast-also-rises/

Animal Science Scientists Develop a Hornless Cow Through Gene Editing – 17:26 minutes https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/scientists-develop-a-hornless-cow-through-gene-editing/ Scientists Develop a horness cow through gene editing https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/scientists-develop-a-hornless-cow-through-gene-editing/ Genetic Tests Reshape Bull Market For Beef Producers https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/genetic-tests-reshape-bull-market-for-beef-producers/

Plant Science -

Additional Reading based on agricultural topic: CRISPR What is CRISPR-Cas9 https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-crispr-cas9 General - Animal Science Transgenic Animals in Agriculture, Wheeler, M. B. (2013) Transgenic Animals in

Agriculture. Nature Education Knowledge 4(11):1 https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/transgenic-animals-in-agriculture-105646080

Plant Science -

Sources: Pearson Education – Content Campbell Essential Biology (6th Ed.) by Simon, Reece, & Dickey.