unit ii pharmacology

8/8/2019 UNIT II Pharmacology

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UNIT II. THE NURSING PROCESSIN CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGYAND THERAPEUTICS



RATHER a combination of theprinciples of 10 R's with the NursingProcess

NO

T TASK-ORIENTED

-Prepare and administer drugs-Evaluate responses to therapy-teach the patient and family-Seek consultation-Make appropriate referrals



10 R's

1. Right patient

2. Right drug

3. Right dose

4. Right route

5. Right time

6. Right Education

7. Right preparation

8. Right storage

9. Rightdocumentation

10. Right to refuse



STEPS IN THE NURSING PROCESS

ASSESSMENT

Ongoing process; basis on which care isplanned, implemented and evaluated

Taking medical history

- Profile of current medication- profile of drugs previously taken-Conditions that require cautious administration of drug



Reasons:

1. Evaluate patient's need for medication

2. Obtain current and past use OTC,prescribed, herbal and street drugs

3.Identify problems related to drug therapy



Level of education

Social and Financial support

Pattern of Health care



Diagnosis

Based on the analysis of data

e.g. Noncompliance related to: patient's value system,cognitive ability, cultural factors, or economic resources



Planning

Determine appropriate plan for drug administration

It should include the following steps:

1. therapeuticintent

2. Side effects to expect

3. Side effects to report



4.Recommended dose and route

5. Time of administration

6. Written records

7. Additional education as neededon techniques of self administration

8. Proper storage



Nurse formulates instructional objectives

and design patient education

C

A

R

E

S

Client centered

Acceptable

Realistic

Evaluation component identified

Shared with health care team



Implementation

Actual administration or initiation of medicationschedule or patient education program

3 Types of intervention in drug Therapy

A. Drug administration

10 R's

B. Comfort measures

C. Patient/family education



Key elements that should be included in anydrug education program are the following:

1. Name, dose and action of the drug

2. Time of administration

3. Special storage and preparation instructions

4. Specific OTC drugs or alternative therapies to avoid

5. Comfort or safety measures



6. Safety measures

7. Specific points about drug toxicity

8. Specific Warnings about the drug discontinuation

Concepts of drug administration

1. Chemical agents alter or inactivate other drugs

2. Drug actions stimulate or depress physiologicactivity3. A legally dependent function of thenurse



Evaluation

Check effectiveness of drug, side effects,patient's compliance to therapy, ability toself administer

Factors affecting success of Therapeutics

-Developmental consideration-Genetic and cultural factors-Accuracy of diagnosis-knowledge of the disease-Knowledge of drug-Knowledge of psychological aspects of drug therapy



Roles of the Nurse

S

P

A

C

E

Supervisor

Planner

Administrator

Communicator

Educator

unit ii pharmacology

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