Heat Affects MatterWe will be learning about the science of heat

States of Matter and the Particle Model of Matter

Everything in the universe is made of matter.

The desks, the trees, the air, and everything else

Matter exists in three states:

◦SOLID◦LIQUID◦GAS

◦Matter can be changed between these states by adding or removing heat energy

Don’t Write!In Canada, water outside goes through

all the state changes.

◦Winter – Solid ice is seen on rivers and lakes Weather warms up

◦Spring – Ice begins to melt into water Weather warms up

◦Summer – Some water is evaporated into the air Weather cools down

◦Fall – Ice begins to form on the lakes or rivers Weather cools down

SOLID melts into LIQUID

LIQUID melts into GAS

GAS condenses into LIQUID

LIQUID condenses into SOLID

Next Slide is VERY IMPORTANT

Particle Model of Matter1. All matter is made up of extremely tiny

particles

2. The tiny particles of matter are ALWAYS moving

3. The particles have space between them

4. Adding Heat to matter makes the particles move around faster

1. Matter is made of tiny particlesThese are much too small to see

with the human eye

We can only see it using highly powerful tools called electron microscopes

2. Matter particles are always moving

This form of energy is known as KINETIC ENERGY

Each particle has kinetic energy– energy of movement

3. Space between particles

Different states of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) have different amounts of space between them.

4. Adding heatFaster moving things have more

kinetic energy

Adding heat increases the kinetic energy of the particle

States of Matter and VolumeSolid

Because solid particles are so tightly packed together it has a final shape and volume

Liquid Liquid particles are a little looser attached than

solid, so they take the shape of their container

Gas◦ Particles are not connected to each other at all.

Takes up as much space as its container allows