unit c computer concepts-illustrated introductory, sixth

1

Unit CUnit C

Computer Concepts-Illustrated Computer Concepts-Illustrated Introductory, Sixth Edition, Introductory, Sixth Edition,

EnhancedEnhanced

Unit CUnit CComputer SoftwareComputer Software

Computer Concepts, 6th Edition, Enhanced -- Illustrated

2

ObjectivesObjectives

Introduce computer softwareIntroduce computer software

Explain how computers Explain how computers interpret softwareinterpret software

Explore operating systemsExplore operating systems

Compare operating systemsCompare operating systems

Define office productivity Define office productivity softwaresoftware


3

ObjectivesObjectives

Define graphics softwareDefine graphics software

Define entertainment and Define entertainment and education softwareeducation software

Define business and science Define business and science softwaresoftware

Understand utilitiesUnderstand utilities

Understand licenses and Understand licenses and copyrightscopyrights


4

Introduce Computer SoftwareIntroduce Computer Software

System SoftwareSystem Software

Application SoftwareApplication Software


5


Operating Operating SystemsSystems

Device Device DriversDrivers UtilitiesUtilities ProgrammingProgramming

LanguagesLanguages

DOSDOS

WindowsWindows

LinuxLinux

UNIXUNIX

Mac OSMac OS

SystemSystem SoftwareSoftware


6


DocumentDocumentProductionProduction

SpreadsheetSpreadsheetSoftwareSoftware

AccountingAccounting& Finance& Finance

MathematicalMathematicalModelingModeling

StatisticalStatistical

EntertainmentEntertainment

DataDataManagementManagement

GraphicsGraphics

MusicMusic

VideoVideo EducationalEducational

ReferenceReference

ApplicationApplication SoftwareSoftware


7


Computer programComputer program main executable program (.exe)main executable program (.exe)

Support module Support module called by the program (.dll)called by the program (.dll)

Program data file Program data file Example: a dictionary file or a file that is Example: a dictionary file or a file that is

not supplied by the usernot supplied by the user


8

Explain How Computers Interpret Explain How Computers Interpret SoftwareSoftware

Computer programmers write Computer programmers write instructions for programsinstructions for programs

Most businesses purchase Most businesses purchase software instead of writing their software instead of writing their ownown


9

Explain How Computers Interpret Explain How Computers Interpret SoftwareSoftware

Computer languagesComputer languages Source codeSource code High-level languages: COBOL, C++, JavaHigh-level languages: COBOL, C++, Java

Machine languageMachine language

CompilerCompiler Creates object code in single batchCreates object code in single batch

InterpreterInterpreter Converts one instruction at a timeConverts one instruction at a time Common with Web-based scripts (part of Web Common with Web-based scripts (part of Web

page)page)


10

Explore Operating SystemsExplore Operating Systems

Interacts with application Interacts with application software, device drivers & software, device drivers & hardware to manage computer’s hardware to manage computer’s resourcesresources

GUI (graphical user interface)GUI (graphical user interface)

UtilitiesUtilities

Bootstrap program is stored in Bootstrap program is stored in ROMROM


11

How does the OS manage processor How does the OS manage processor resources?resources?

MultitaskingMultitasking Two or more tasks run simultaneouslyTwo or more tasks run simultaneously

MultithreadingMultithreading Allows multiple parts of a program to Allows multiple parts of a program to

run simultaneouslyrun simultaneously

Dual-core or multiple processors Dual-core or multiple processors support division of labor among support division of labor among processing unitsprocessing units


12

Compare Operating SystemsCompare Operating Systems

Single user:Single user: PCs and handhelds PCs and handhelds

Desktop:Desktop: desktop or notebook desktop or notebook PC; single-user, but could PC; single-user, but could handle networkinghandle networking

Multi-user:Multi-user: mainframes or mainframes or centralized computer processingcentralized computer processing

Network/Server:Network/Server: serves as router serves as router to local computer processingto local computer processing


13

Compare Operating SystemsCompare Operating Systems

Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows 80% of PCs80% of PCs

Mac OSMac OS

UNIX UNIX good for multi-user environmentgood for multi-user environment

Linux Linux free; good for Web serversfree; good for Web servers

DOSDOS

Palm OS and Windows Mobil OSPalm OS and Windows Mobil OS

Windows XP Tablet EditionWindows XP Tablet Edition


14

Define Office Productivity SoftwareDefine Office Productivity Software

Document ProductionDocument Production Compose, edit, design, print or Compose, edit, design, print or

electronically publish documentselectronically publish documents Word processing; Desktop publishing; Web Word processing; Desktop publishing; Web

authoring authoring

SpreadsheetSpreadsheet Numerical calculations and graphsNumerical calculations and graphs Rows and columns Rows and columns Worksheet, cell, cell referencesWorksheet, cell, cell references Values, labels, functions, formulasValues, labels, functions, formulas


15

Define Office Productivity SoftwareDefine Office Productivity Software

DatabasesDatabases Store, find, organize, update and report Store, find, organize, update and report

informationinformation Collection of related filesCollection of related files Records, fields, tablesRecords, fields, tables

LayoutLayout Physical position of elementsPhysical position of elements Header, footerHeader, footer

FormatFormat Fonts, styles, paragraph styles, layoutFonts, styles, paragraph styles, layout Tables, clip artTables, clip art


16

Define Graphics SoftwareDefine Graphics Software

Create, display, modify, Create, display, modify, manipulate and print graphicsmanipulate and print graphics

Paint :Paint : realistic art and photos realistic art and photos

Photo editing:Photo editing: simplifies common simplifies common editing tasksediting tasks

Drawing:Drawing: uses vector figures & uses vector figures & shapes to create “cartoon-like” shapes to create “cartoon-like” images.images.


17

Define Graphics SoftwareDefine Graphics Software

3-D Graphics software:3-D Graphics software: create wireframes and then create wireframes and then cover with a texturecover with a texture

CAD (computer-aided CAD (computer-aided design):design): 3-D software 3-D software designed for architects and designed for architects and engineersengineers

Presentation software:Presentation software: creates electronic slides like creates electronic slides like thesethese


18

Define Entertainment SoftwareDefine Entertainment Software

Audio editing (sound recorder)Audio editing (sound recorder)

GamesGames

MP3 playerMP3 player

Video editing (Adobe Premiere)Video editing (Adobe Premiere)

MusicMusic•Ear trainingEar training

•NotationNotation•Computer-aided musicComputer-aided music

•MIDI sequencingMIDI sequencing


19

Define Educational SoftwareDefine Educational Software

Learn and practice new skillsLearn and practice new skills ArithmeticArithmetic ReadingReading LanguagesLanguages TypingTyping SATSAT

Reference software (CD-ROMs)Reference software (CD-ROMs)


20

ESRB RatingsESRB Ratings

Entertainment Software Ratings Entertainment Software Ratings BoardBoard

Rated over 12,000 video and Rated over 12,000 video and computer gamescomputer games

Symbols indicate age groupsSymbols indicate age groups

Content descriptorsContent descriptors Violence, language, etc.Violence, language, etc.


21

Define Business SoftwareDefine Business Software

Accounting & FinanceAccounting & Finance Personal financePersonal finance Tax preparationTax preparation Small business accountingSmall business accounting

Vertical MarketVertical Market Hospitals, construction, schoolsHospitals, construction, schools

Horizontal MarketHorizontal Market Generic, like payrollGeneric, like payroll Project managementProject management

GroupwareGroupware Help collaboration on group projectsHelp collaboration on group projects


22

Define Science SoftwareDefine Science Software

Statistical/graphing softwareStatistical/graphing software

Mathematical modeling softwareMathematical modeling software Math CADMath CAD


23

What is a Software Suite?What is a Software Suite?

A collection of application A collection of application software sold in a packagesoftware sold in a package Microsoft Office, Star Office, Open Microsoft Office, Star Office, Open

Office, WordPerfect OfficeOffice, WordPerfect Office

Available for productivity, Available for productivity, antivirus, and graphicsantivirus, and graphics

Cost and usabilityCost and usability


24

Using Data ResponsiblyUsing Data Responsibly

Don’t introduce inaccurate Don’t introduce inaccurate informationinformation

Respect copyrights by giving Respect copyrights by giving credit for data usedcredit for data used

Respect privacy of subjectsRespect privacy of subjects


25

Understand UtilitiesUnderstand Utilities

Third-partyThird-party Enhance operating systemEnhance operating system

CompressionCompression Reduce file sizes: WinZip, PKZipReduce file sizes: WinZip, PKZip

FTP (file transfer protocol)FTP (file transfer protocol) Upload or download files remotelyUpload or download files remotely

SecuritySecurity Antivirus, filters, firewallsAntivirus, filters, firewalls


26

Understand UtilitiesUnderstand Utilities

SkinsSkins Customize desktopsCustomize desktops

Document readerDocument reader Transfer documents into portable formats: Adobe Transfer documents into portable formats: Adobe

AcrobatAcrobat

SystemSystem Disk Maintenance: Norton System WorksDisk Maintenance: Norton System Works

Hard diskHard disk Backup, security, delete filesBackup, security, delete files


27

Buying UtilitiesBuying Utilities

Can be purchased at office supply Can be purchased at office supply stores or onlinestores or online

Downloaded from the Web for Downloaded from the Web for free on a trial basisfree on a trial basis After trial, pay a fee to continue serviceAfter trial, pay a fee to continue service


28

Understand Licenses and CopyrightsUnderstand Licenses and Copyrights

Software License:Software License: legal contract that legal contract that defines the ways you may use a defines the ways you may use a computer programcomputer program

Copyright:Copyright: legal protection that grants the legal protection that grants the author of an original work an exclusive author of an original work an exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell and modify right to copy, distribute, sell and modify that workthat work

Software piracySoftware piracy

For contract to take effect:For contract to take effect: Open a shrink-wrap license productOpen a shrink-wrap license product Agree to an installation agreementAgree to an installation agreement


29

Understand Licenses and CopyrightsUnderstand Licenses and Copyrights

Types of licenses:Types of licenses: Single-userSingle-user End-userEnd-user Site licenseSite license Multiple-userMultiple-user Concurrent-userConcurrent-user Shrink-wrapShrink-wrap

Programs without copyright Programs without copyright notices are still protected by lawnotices are still protected by law


30

Types of Copyright ProtectionsTypes of Copyright Protections

CommercialCommercial:: License adheres to License adheres to limitations of copyright lawlimitations of copyright law

SharewareShareware:: try before you buy on the try before you buy on the honor systemhonor system

FreewareFreeware:: no fee - can use, but not alter no fee - can use, but not alter or sellor sell

Open SourceOpen Source:: uncompiled source code uncompiled source code that can be changed - sold or freethat can be changed - sold or free

Public DomainPublic Domain:: can be copied, altered can be copied, altered and resoldand resold


31

Tech Talk: Installing SoftwareTech Talk: Installing Software

System requirementsSystem requirements Operating system and minimum hardware Operating system and minimum hardware

capacitiescapacities

Steps (setup.exe)Steps (setup.exe) Copy files to hard driveCopy files to hard drive Uncompress if necessary (WinZip)Uncompress if necessary (WinZip) Verify system requirements metVerify system requirements met Select appropriate device driversSelect appropriate device drivers Necessary system files/players (Media Player)Necessary system files/players (Media Player) Update registry and program menu Update registry and program menu

Uninstall routine or Windows Add/Remove Uninstall routine or Windows Add/Remove programsprograms


32

Context: JournalismContext: Journalism

Technology has benefited print Technology has benefited print journalismjournalism Word processing and DTP softwareWord processing and DTP software NetworksNetworks Journalists use Internet and e-mailJournalists use Internet and e-mail Web sitesWeb sites AV Equipment is digitalAV Equipment is digital


33

IssueIssue

What is being done about What is being done about software piracy?software piracy?

• End-user piracy/counterfeitingEnd-user piracy/counterfeiting• Internet piracyInternet piracy• Some countries cannot affordSome countries cannot afford• Some believe software should be Some believe software should be

freely distributedfreely distributed• What is the damage?What is the damage?


34

U n i t S u m m a r yU n i t S u m m a r y

Software comes in two types: Software comes in two types: application and systemapplication and system

Operating systems control Operating systems control computer functioningcomputer functioning

Application software performs Application software performs taskstasks

Pay attention to copyrightsPay attention to copyrights

35

Computer SoftwareComputer Software

EndEnd

unit c computer concepts-illustrated introductory, sixth

Technology

educational software

d software

education software

software suite

software computer programmers

d graphics software

reference software cdroms

local computer processing