unit 8: part b 21st century college english: book 3

Unit 8: PartUnit 8: Part B BUnit 8: PartUnit 8: Part B B

21st Century College English: Book 321st Century College English: Book 3

Unit 8: Part BUnit 8: Part B

• Revision of Text A

• Reading Analysis

• Structured WritingStructured Writing

• Listening Practice

• Assignment

• Assignment CheckupAssignment Checkup Structure

Translation

Cloze

• Dictation

Revision of Text ARevision of Text A

1111 2222 3333 4444 5555

Dictation!Dictation!

You are going to hear 5 sentences. Each will be read three times. You are going to hear 5 sentences. Each will be read three times.

Write down the sentences according to the dictation.Write down the sentences according to the dictation.

Check-upCheck-upCheck-upCheck-up

DictationDictation

DictationDictation

The race to the moon, which was won by the Americans The race to the moon, which was won by the Americans in 1969, was driven almost entirely by politics.in 1969, was driven almost entirely by politics.

Indeed, NASA describes the space station as “a Indeed, NASA describes the space station as “a powerful symbol of U.S. leadership”.powerful symbol of U.S. leadership”.

The only purpose of studying how humans live and work The only purpose of studying how humans live and work in space would be to prepare for long-term space in space would be to prepare for long-term space missions.missions.

It is expected that the discovery of possible life-forms It is expected that the discovery of possible life-forms from the planet Mars will revive public interest in space from the planet Mars will revive public interest in space exploration.exploration.

1111

2222

3333

4444

5555So if there is little public support for space exploration, So if there is little public support for space exploration, where does the impetus to fund these activities come where does the impetus to fund these activities come from? from?

StructureStructure

《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. IX, p. 205Ex. IX, p. 205《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. IX, p. 205Ex. IX, p. 205

The word The word whichwhich can be used as a relative pronoun to introduce an can be used as a relative pronoun to introduce an attribute clause. Note that in the model sentence below attribute clause. Note that in the model sentence below whichwhich refers refers to the entire main clause, rather than to one single noun. to the entire main clause, rather than to one single noun.

Model:Model: Politicians reacted by demanding cuts in spending. Politicians reacted by demanding cuts in spending. this put the future of many space missions in doubt.this put the future of many space missions in doubt.

Politicians reacted by demanding cuts in spending, Politicians reacted by demanding cuts in spending, which put the future of many space missions in which put the future of many space missions in

doubt. doubt.

StructureStructure

Complete the following sentences using Complete the following sentences using whichwhich and the words in and the words in brackets. Make sure you change the verb form where necessary.brackets. Make sure you change the verb form where necessary.

1.1. The American physicist Robert H. Goddard achieved the The American physicist Robert H. Goddard achieved the

world's first liquid-propelled rocket flight in 1926, world's first liquid-propelled rocket flight in 1926,

_________________________ (make him a pioneer of the _________________________ (make him a pioneer of the

Space Age). Space Age).

The American physicist Robert H. Goddard achieved the wThe American physicist Robert H. Goddard achieved the world’s first liquid-propelled rocket flight in 1926, orld’s first liquid-propelled rocket flight in 1926, which madwhich made him a pioneer of the Space Agee him a pioneer of the Space Age. .

StructureStructure

Complete the following sentences using which and the words in Complete the following sentences using which and the words in brackets. Make sure you change the verb form where necessary.brackets. Make sure you change the verb form where necessary.

2.2. There’s a great deal of controversy over the practical value There’s a great deal of controversy over the practical value

of space exploration, _______________________________ of space exploration, _______________________________

(make it hard to secure funds for space programmes). (make it hard to secure funds for space programmes).

There’s a great deal of controversy over the practical value There’s a great deal of controversy over the practical value of space exploration, of space exploration, which makes it hard to secure funds for which makes it hard to secure funds for space programmesspace programmes. .

StructureStructure


3.3. The communications satellite has now separated from its The communications satellite has now separated from its

rocket and entered Earth orbit, _______________________ rocket and entered Earth orbit, _______________________

(mean the launch is a great success). (mean the launch is a great success).

The communications satellite has now separated from its roThe communications satellite has now separated from its rocket and entered Earth orbit, cket and entered Earth orbit, which means that the launch which means that the launch was a great successwas a great success. .

StructureStructure


4.4. In 1961 the Soviet Union managed to put the first man in spIn 1961 the Soviet Union managed to put the first man in sp

ace, _____________________________________ (be when tace, _____________________________________ (be when t

he U.S. started investing heavily in its space programme). he U.S. started investing heavily in its space programme).

In 1961 the Soviet Union managed to put the first man in spIn 1961 the Soviet Union managed to put the first man in space, ace, which is when the U.S. started investing heavily in its spawhich is when the U.S. started investing heavily in its space programmesce programmes. .

StructureStructure


5.5. There’s a lot of interest in how a weightless environment There’s a lot of interest in how a weightless environment

affects the elderly, ___________________________ (be why affects the elderly, ___________________________ (be why

they sent John Glenn back into the space at the age of 77). they sent John Glenn back into the space at the age of 77).

There’s a lot of interest in how a weightless environment affThere’s a lot of interest in how a weightless environment affects the elderly, ects the elderly, which is why they sent John Glenn back into which is why they sent John Glenn back into space at the age of 77space at the age of 77. .

StructureStructure


6.6. After many setbacks, the Hubble space telescope finally After many setbacks, the Hubble space telescope finally

started transmitting photographs back to the Earth, started transmitting photographs back to the Earth,

________________________ (be what we had all been ________________________ (be what we had all been

waiting for). waiting for).

After many setbacks, the Hubble space telescope finally staAfter many setbacks, the Hubble space telescope finally started transmitting photographs back to the Earth, rted transmitting photographs back to the Earth, which is which is what we’d all been waiting forwhat we’d all been waiting for. .

StructureStructure


7.7. It’s now clear that completing the project by the original It’s now clear that completing the project by the original

deadline is impossible, _______________________________ deadline is impossible, _______________________________

(be just what I predicted six months ago). (be just what I predicted six months ago).

It’s now clear that completing the project by the original deIt’s now clear that completing the project by the original deadline is impossible, adline is impossible, which is just what I predicted six monthwhich is just what I predicted six months agos ago. .

StructureStructure


8.8. He’s lied to us in the past, ____________________________ He’s lied to us in the past, ____________________________

(not encourage me to believe him this time). (not encourage me to believe him this time).

He’s lied to us in the past, He’s lied to us in the past, which doesn’t encourage me to bewhich doesn’t encourage me to believe him this timelieve him this time. .

StructureStructure

ClozeCloze

《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. XII, p. 206Ex. XII, p. 206《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. XII, p. 206Ex. XII, p. 206

Select the most appropriate word from the box to fill each of the Select the most appropriate word from the box to fill each of the blanks below. The choice blanks below. The choice OO means no additional word is correct. means no additional word is correct.

ClozeCloze

It’s interesting to observe the changes in public attitudes toward It’s interesting to observe the changes in public attitudes toward

visitors from other planets. In the early years of the Cold War, visitors from other planets. In the early years of the Cold War,

popular science-fiction films usually portrayed popular science-fiction films usually portrayed 1)_____1)_____ as horrible as horrible

monsters monsters 2)_____2)_____ the universe in terrifyingly advanced the universe in terrifyingly advanced 3)_____3)_____, ,

eager to enslave, colonize or destroy the innocent Earth. eager to enslave, colonize or destroy the innocent Earth.

about about collaborationcollaboration extraterrestrialsextraterrestrials representedrepresented spacecraftspacecraftwhichwhichamidamid controversialcontroversial genuinegenuine rivalryrivalry symbolsymbol

whosewhoseamongamong controversycontroversy impetusimpetus rivalsrivals symbolized symbolized with bywith by cruisingcruising launchinglaunching securesecure to to

O O of of extraterrestrialextraterrestrial military military securelysecurely ultimate ultimate




extraterrestrialsextraterrestrialscruisingcruising spacecraftspacecraft

ClozeCloze

In most of these movies, the ETs In most of these movies, the ETs 4)_____4)_____ highly advanced civilization highly advanced civilization

s whose s whose 5)_____5)_____ expertise was matched only expertise was matched only 6)_____6)_____ their evil ideas their evil ideas

— an obvious — an obvious 7)_____7)_____ of our worst fears about our Cold War of our worst fears about our Cold War 8)____8)____

__. It wasn’t until the 1970s— when America felt . It wasn’t until the 1970s— when America felt 9)_____9)_____ in the knowl in the knowl

edge of who had “won the space race” — that films started speculatiedge of who had “won the space race” — that films started speculati

ng ng 10)_____10)_____ a gentler sort of extraterrestrial. a gentler sort of extraterrestrial.

representedrepresentedmilitarymilitary byby

symbolsymbolrivalsrivals

securesecure







ClozeCloze

aboutabout

The famous film The famous film CloseClose Encounters of the Third KindEncounters of the Third Kind was was 11)____11)____ the f the f

irst of these. It portrays the visitors almost as angels irst of these. It portrays the visitors almost as angels 12)____12)____ technolo technolo

gical superiority is coupled gical superiority is coupled 13)____13)____ a desire to help mankind solve all a desire to help mankind solve all

our problems and achieve our problems and achieve 14)____14)____ a higher moral and spiritual level. a higher moral and spiritual level.

At about the same time, the book At about the same time, the book ChariotChariot ( ( 飞车飞车 ) ) of the Godsof the Gods presente presente

d some highly d some highly 15)____15)____ “evidence” that it was early “evidence” that it was early 16)____16)____ visitors th visitors th

at provided the at provided the 17)____17)____ for human civilization. for human civilization.

among/Oamong/Owhosewhose

withwith

OO

controversialcontroversialextraterrestrialextraterrestrial impetusimpetus







ClozeCloze

These images are only science fiction, of course, but their popularity These images are only science fiction, of course, but their popularity

expresses a expresses a 18)____18)____ thirst to be saved: ETs have become the religion thirst to be saved: ETs have become the religion

of modern times. One reason for this could be that while “ET” stands of modern times. One reason for this could be that while “ET” stands

for extraterrestrial, it also stands for English teacher. for extraterrestrial, it also stands for English teacher.

genuinegenuine







ClozeCloze

Translation — English to ChineseTranslation — English to Chinese

《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. X, p. 205Ex. X, p. 205《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. X, p. 205Ex. X, p. 205

The race to the moon, which was won by the Americans in 1969, The race to the moon, which was won by the Americans in 1969,

was driven almost entirely by politics. The rivalry between the U.S. was driven almost entirely by politics. The rivalry between the U.S.

and the former Soviet Union meant that the two countries were and the former Soviet Union meant that the two countries were

determined to be the first to put a man on the moon. President John determined to be the first to put a man on the moon. President John

F. Kennedy promised that America would win this race and, as one F. Kennedy promised that America would win this race and, as one

of the most popular presidents in American history, he inspired a of the most popular presidents in American history, he inspired a

nation to think of space exploration as the ultimate test of America’s nation to think of space exploration as the ultimate test of America’s

superiority over her Soviet enemy.superiority over her Soviet enemy.


The race to the moonThe race to the moon, which was won by the Americans in 1969,, which was won by the Americans in 1969,

was driven almost entirely by politics.was driven almost entirely by politics. The rivalry between the U.S. The rivalry between the U.S.




of the most popular presidents in American history, he inspired a of the most popular presidents in American history, he inspired a


superiority over her Soviet enemy.superiority over her Soviet enemy.

The race to the moon, which was won by the Americans in 1969, The race to the moon, which was won by the Americans in 1969,

was driven almost entirely by politics. The rivalry between the U.S. was driven almost entirely by politics. The rivalry between the U.S.




of the most popular presidents in American history, of the most popular presidents in American history, he inspired a he inspired a


superiority over her Soviet enemysuperiority over her Soviet enemy..

登月竞赛几乎完全是受政治驱动的。登月竞赛几乎完全是受政治驱动的。

他激励国民将外层空间探索视为美国他激励国民将外层空间探索视为美国对其敌人苏联的优越性的终极考验。对其敌人苏联的优越性的终极考验。

America’s success as the first nation to reach the moon, coupleAmerica’s success as the first nation to reach the moon, couple

d with continuing Cold War rivalry, created much public support for td with continuing Cold War rivalry, created much public support for t

he space programme and Washington was able to fund many more he space programme and Washington was able to fund many more

missions. During the 1970s, the moon was visited again, unmanned missions. During the 1970s, the moon was visited again, unmanned

missions were sent to Mars and, for the first time, man-made craft wmissions were sent to Mars and, for the first time, man-made craft w

ere put on paths that would take them out of the solar system. ere put on paths that would take them out of the solar system.


America’s success as the first nation to reach the moon, coupleAmerica’s success as the first nation to reach the moon, couple

d with continuing Cold War rivalry, created much public support for td with continuing Cold War rivalry, created much public support for t

he space programme and Washington was able to fund many more he space programme and Washington was able to fund many more

missions. missions. During the 1970s, the moon was visited again, unmanned During the 1970s, the moon was visited again, unmanned

missions were sent to Mars and, for the first time, man-made craft wmissions were sent to Mars and, for the first time, man-made craft w

ere put on paths that would take them out of the solar system.ere put on paths that would take them out of the solar system.

在在 2020 世纪世纪 7070 年代，月球被再次访问，年代，月球被再次访问，无人飞船被送往火星，而且人造飞船也无人飞船被送往火星，而且人造飞船也首次被送上将带领它们脱离太阳系的轨首次被送上将带领它们脱离太阳系的轨道。道。

Translation — Chinese to EnglishTranslation — Chinese to English

《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. XI, p. 206Ex. XI, p. 206《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. XI, p. 206Ex. XI, p. 206

NASA announced that one of the tangible objectives of this NASA announced that one of the tangible objectives of this nine-day (flight) mission was to do research into the effects of nine-day (flight) mission was to do research into the effects of space flight on the aging process.space flight on the aging process.


1.1. 美国国家航空和航天局宣布，这次飞行任务长达九天，其美国国家航空和航天局宣布，这次飞行任务长达九天，其明确目的之一将是研究太空飞行对衰老过程的影响。明确目的之一将是研究太空飞行对衰老过程的影响。

one of the tangible objectivesone of the tangible objectives space flightspace flight

the aging processthe aging process

During the Cold War era, the Soviet Union and the United During the Cold War era, the Soviet Union and the United States both spent substantial funds on space exploration.States both spent substantial funds on space exploration.


2.2. 在冷战期间，苏美两国在外层空间的开发活动方面投入在冷战期间，苏美两国在外层空间的开发活动方面投入了大量的资金。了大量的资金。

the Cold War erathe Cold War era space explorationspace exploration

spend substantial funds (on)spend substantial funds (on)

The President’s proposal to scale down/back the The President’s proposal to scale down/back the government’s social welfare spending has caused a great deal government’s social welfare spending has caused a great deal of controversy.of controversy.


3.3. 总统关于削减政府社会福利支出的提议已经在公众中引总统关于削减政府社会福利支出的提议已经在公众中引起了很大的争议。起了很大的争议。

scale downscale down social welfaresocial welfare

cause a great deal of controversycause a great deal of controversy

Before the American space shuttle Before the American space shuttle DiscoveryDiscovery returned to the returned to the Kennedy Space Center, the bad weather in Florida, coupled Kennedy Space Center, the bad weather in Florida, coupled with the door trouble, put its safe landing in doubt.with the door trouble, put its safe landing in doubt.


4.4. 美国“发现美国“发现””号航天飞机回到肯尼迪航天中心之前，佛罗号航天飞机回到肯尼迪航天中心之前，佛罗里达恶劣的天气，加上舱门的故障，曾使安全着陆难以保里达恶劣的天气，加上舱门的故障，曾使安全着陆难以保证。证。

the space shuttle the space shuttle DiscoveryDiscovery coupled withcoupled with

put its safe landing in doubtput its safe landing in doubt

So far there is little evidence of life on Mars, but this doesn’t So far there is little evidence of life on Mars, but this doesn’t justify the conclusion that space research has no scientific justify the conclusion that space research has no scientific value.value.


5.5. 迄今为止还没有充分证据表明火星上有生命，但这并不迄今为止还没有充分证据表明火星上有生命，但这并不是说外层空间的研究没有科学价值。是说外层空间的研究没有科学价值。

there is little evidence ofthere is little evidence of

this doesn’t justifythis doesn’t justify

The International Space Station, a collaboration in which The International Space Station, a collaboration in which sixteen countries are taking part, is the most expensive space-sixteen countries are taking part, is the most expensive space-exploration project ever undertaken.exploration project ever undertaken.


6.6. 国际空间站是费用最为昂贵的太空探索项目，是有十六国际空间站是费用最为昂贵的太空探索项目，是有十六个国家参与的合作项目。个国家参与的合作项目。

the International Space Stationthe International Space Station

space-exploration projectspace-exploration project

This book describes the period at the end of the 1950s when This book describes the period at the end of the 1950s when the pioneers of Chinese space exploration pressed ahead with the pioneers of Chinese space exploration pressed ahead with their research without the help of foreign experts.their research without the help of foreign experts.


7.7. 这本书讲的是在五十年代末，中国航天探索的先驱者在这本书讲的是在五十年代末，中国航天探索的先驱者在没有外国专家帮助的情况下，执着地进行研究的情况。没有外国专家帮助的情况下，执着地进行研究的情况。

at the end of the 1950sat the end of the 1950s pioneerspioneerspressed ahead with the researchpressed ahead with the research

This year the profits made in manufacturing industries have This year the profits made in manufacturing industries have exceeded $200 billion, making up one half of our country’s exceeded $200 billion, making up one half of our country’s GDP.GDP.


8.8. 今年制造业创利已超过二千亿美元，占我国国内生产总今年制造业创利已超过二千亿美元，占我国国内生产总值的一半。值的一半。

manufacturing industriesmanufacturing industriesmake profitsmake profits

make up one half of our country’s GDPmake up one half of our country’s GDP

As far as I’m concerned, both jobs and hobbies should be seriously considered.


8.8. 对于我来说，工作和业余爱好都必须严肃认真地对待。对于我来说，工作和业余爱好都必须严肃认真地对待。

As far as I’m concerned

be seriously considered

I. I. Presents the question: Is public support for the Presents the question: Is public support for the international space effort necessary? international space effort necessary?

I. I. Presents the question: Is public support for the Presents the question: Is public support for the international space effort necessary? international space effort necessary?

II.II. Deals with the public support for the space Deals with the public support for the space program.program.

II.II. Deals with the public support for the space Deals with the public support for the space program.program.

III.III. Deals with the new enthusiasm the space Deals with the new enthusiasm the space project has generated in recent years. project has generated in recent years.

III.III. Deals with the new enthusiasm the space Deals with the new enthusiasm the space project has generated in recent years. project has generated in recent years.

The Structure of Text AThe Structure of Text AThe Structure of Text AThe Structure of Text A

Para. 1Para. 1Para. 1Para. 1

Paras. 2~4Paras. 2~4Paras. 2~4Paras. 2~4


IV.IV. Concludes that space exploration has been Concludes that space exploration has been conducted mainly for political reasons. conducted mainly for political reasons.

IV.IV. Concludes that space exploration has been Concludes that space exploration has been conducted mainly for political reasons. conducted mainly for political reasons. Paras. 11~12Paras. 11~12Paras. 11~12Paras. 11~12

Reading AnalysisReading Analysis

I. I. Presents the question: Presents the question: I. I. Presents the question: Presents the question:

Is public support for the international space effort Is public support for the international space effort necessary? necessary? Is public support for the international space effort Is public support for the international space effort necessary? necessary? Para. 1Para. 1Para. 1Para. 1


II.II. Deals with the public support for the space program Deals with the public support for the space program throughout its history and how the support declined for throughout its history and how the support declined for various reasons.various reasons.

II.II. Deals with the public support for the space program Deals with the public support for the space program throughout its history and how the support declined for throughout its history and how the support declined for various reasons.various reasons.

In the U.S.A.In the U.S.A.In the U.S.A.In the U.S.A.

In RussiaIn RussiaIn RussiaIn Russia




In the U.S.A.In the U.S.A.In the U.S.A.In the U.S.A.


In the 60’sIn the 60’sIn the 60’sIn the 60’s

In the 70’s In the 70’s In the 70’s In the 70’s



In the 80’s In the 80’s In the 80’s In the 80’s Para. 3Para. 3Para. 3Para. 3

In RussiaIn RussiaIn RussiaIn Russia

The funding problem and the collapse of the The funding problem and the collapse of the former Soviet Union meant that the country gave former Soviet Union meant that the country gave up all its efforts in space exploration.up all its efforts in space exploration.

The funding problem and the collapse of the The funding problem and the collapse of the former Soviet Union meant that the country gave former Soviet Union meant that the country gave up all its efforts in space exploration.up all its efforts in space exploration.



New enthusiasm in space exploration in recent New enthusiasm in space exploration in recent years.years.

New enthusiasm in space exploration in recent New enthusiasm in space exploration in recent years.years.

The impetus to fund a large-scale project is The impetus to fund a large-scale project is questionable.questionable.

The impetus to fund a large-scale project is The impetus to fund a large-scale project is questionable.questionable.


III.III. Deals with the new enthusiasm the space project has Deals with the new enthusiasm the space project has generated in recent years.generated in recent years.

III.III. Deals with the new enthusiasm the space project has Deals with the new enthusiasm the space project has generated in recent years.generated in recent years.

The reasons for the space exploration The reasons for the space exploration enthusiasm.enthusiasm.

The reasons for the space exploration The reasons for the space exploration enthusiasm.enthusiasm.





IV.IV. Concludes that space exploration has been conducted Concludes that space exploration has been conducted mainly for political reasons. mainly for political reasons.

IV.IV. Concludes that space exploration has been conducted Concludes that space exploration has been conducted mainly for political reasons. mainly for political reasons.

The purpose of space exploration has been The purpose of space exploration has been mainly political in the past. Politicians still mainly political in the past. Politicians still believe that man must conquer space to prove he believe that man must conquer space to prove he is “master of the Earth”.is “master of the Earth”.

The purpose of space exploration has been The purpose of space exploration has been mainly political in the past. Politicians still mainly political in the past. Politicians still believe that man must conquer space to prove he believe that man must conquer space to prove he is “master of the Earth”.is “master of the Earth”.


Structured WritingStructured Writing

In Text A — In Text A — chronological orderchronological order

The author starts by stating his The author starts by stating his viewpoint.

He then proceeds to present He then proceeds to present facts, intertwined with opi, intertwined with opi

nions, that support his point of view. Notice how he usnions, that support his point of view. Notice how he us

es es time markerstime markers to organize these paragraphs in simpl to organize these paragraphs in simpl

e chronological ordere chronological order （（时间顺序时间顺序）） ..


Sample EssaySample EssaySample EssaySample Essay

Write your ownWrite your ownWrite your ownWrite your own

• viewpoint:viewpoint:

““The race to the moon, which was won by the Americans in The race to the moon, which was won by the Americans in

1969, was driven almost entirely by politics…” 1969, was driven almost entirely by politics…”


• Facts.Facts. (Notice how he uses (Notice how he uses time markerstime markers to organize to organize

these paragraphs in simple chronological order)these paragraphs in simple chronological order)

Paragraph 2:Paragraph 2: the reference to President Kennedy the reference to President Kennedy

establishes establishes the time period as the 1960sthe time period as the 1960s

Paragraph 3:Paragraph 3: During the 1970s …During the 1970s …

Paragraph 4:Paragraph 4: But, by the 1980s … the Challenger space But, by the 1980s … the Challenger space

shuttle disaster of 1986 …shuttle disaster of 1986 …


The war against written homework for pupils in primary schools The war against written homework for pupils in primary schools

was started in the late 80’s of the 20th century. People were shocked to was started in the late 80’s of the 20th century. People were shocked to

find that pupils’ school bags, containing many more textbooks, find that pupils’ school bags, containing many more textbooks,

workbooks and exercise books, were becoming heavier than ever workbooks and exercise books, were becoming heavier than ever

before. Pupils were totally deprived of their carefree childhood, having before. Pupils were totally deprived of their carefree childhood, having

to work on their small desks for 4 or 5 hours a day after school.to work on their small desks for 4 or 5 hours a day after school.

Public concern for pupils’ health, coupled with the demand of Public concern for pupils’ health, coupled with the demand of

“returning a carefree childhood” to our children, created much support “returning a carefree childhood” to our children, created much support

for dramatically cutting down the homework for pupils. In the first for dramatically cutting down the homework for pupils. In the first

decade of the 21st century, primary schools banned all kinds of decade of the 21st century, primary schools banned all kinds of

homework for pupils, memorization was declared unhealthy and homework for pupils, memorization was declared unhealthy and

entrance examination for middle schools were altogether stopped. entrance examination for middle schools were altogether stopped.


But in the middle of the second decade of the 21st century, public But in the middle of the second decade of the 21st century, public

support for “no homework” began to decline as people found with support for “no homework” began to decline as people found with

dismay that the “no homework policy” failed to meet the country’s dismay that the “no homework policy” failed to meet the country’s

demand for a highly educated workforce. Primary schools were under demand for a highly educated workforce. Primary schools were under

pressure to make sure children could read and write properly. This put pressure to make sure children could read and write properly. This put

the future of free time for pupils in doubt. the future of free time for pupils in doubt.



Use chronological order to structure a short Use chronological order to structure a short

composition of your own composition of your own —— about 150 words about 150 words

—— in which you present the historical in which you present the historical

background to an issue you’re interested in. background to an issue you’re interested in.

An example written from a future standpoint An example written from a future standpoint

would be: would be:

Conversation 1

Passage 1

Listening PracticeListening Practice


《听说教程 III 》 Part 4.3, p. 120Part 4.3, p. 120《听说教程 III 》 Part 4.3, p. 120Part 4.3, p. 120


Conversation 1Conversation 1

QuestionsQuestionsQuestionsQuestions

1.1. A)A) Cleaning up the sitting-room Cleaning up the sitting-room

B)B) Decorating the sitting-room. Decorating the sitting-room.

C)C) Tidying the sitting-room up. Tidying the sitting-room up.

D)D) Moving something into the sitting-room. Moving something into the sitting-room.



2.2. A)A) It looks too dirty. It looks too dirty.

B)B) It looks a bit of a mess. It looks a bit of a mess.

C)C) It is too small for the children to play there. It is too small for the children to play there.

D)D) It looks all right.It looks all right.



3.3. A)A) She didn’t think the man would have time to She didn’t think the man would have time to do do the job himself. the job himself.

B)B) She thinks the man always loses his temper if She thinks the man always loses his temper if things go wrong. things go wrong.

C)C) She doesn’t think the man is capable of doing She doesn’t think the man is capable of doing the the job. job.

D)D) She doesn’t want to see him working during She doesn’t want to see him working during the the weekend when he’s tired. weekend when he’s tired.



4.4. A)A) The woman. The woman.

B)B) The man. The man.

C)C) The shop. The shop.

D)D) The couple. The couple.



5.5. A)A) The woman does more of the housework.The woman does more of the housework.

B)B) The man does the most of the housework. The man does the most of the housework.

C)C) The man has been very busy with work The man has been very busy with work recently. recently.

D)D) The woman takes good care of the man. The woman takes good care of the man.




1.1. What does the woman suggest doing about the sitting-What does the woman suggest doing about the sitting-room? room?

A)A) Cleaning up the sitting-room Cleaning up the sitting-room



D)D) Moving something into the sitting-room.Moving something into the sitting-room.

1.1. What does the woman suggest doing about the sitting-What does the woman suggest doing about the sitting-room? room?

A)A) Cleaning up the sitting-room Cleaning up the sitting-room



D)D) Moving something into the sitting-room.Moving something into the sitting-room.



2.2. What does the man think of the sitting-room? What does the man think of the sitting-room?

A)A) It looks too dirty. It looks too dirty.




2.2. What does the man think of the sitting-room? What does the man think of the sitting-room?

A)A) It looks too dirty. It looks too dirty.






3.3. Which of the following is not true? Which of the following is not true?

A)A) She didn’t think the man would have time to She didn’t think the man would have time to do do the job himself. the job himself.



D)D) She doesn’t want to see him working during She doesn’t want to see him working during the the weekend when he’s tired.weekend when he’s tired.

3.3. Which of the following is not true? Which of the following is not true?

A)A) She didn’t think the man would have time to She didn’t think the man would have time to do do the job himself. the job himself.



D)D) She doesn’t want to see him working during She doesn’t want to see him working during the the weekend when he’s tired.weekend when he’s tired.



4.4. Who will do the room up? Who will do the room up?

A)A) The woman. The woman.



D)D) The couple.The couple.

4.4. Who will do the room up? Who will do the room up?

A)A) The woman. The woman.



D)D) The couple.The couple.



5.5. Which one of the following is not what we can learn from Which one of the following is not what we can learn from the conversation? the conversation?

A)A) The woman does more of the housework.The woman does more of the housework.



D)D) The woman takes good care of the man.The woman takes good care of the man.

5.5. Which one of the following is not what we can learn from Which one of the following is not what we can learn from the conversation? the conversation?

A)A) The woman does more of the housework.The woman does more of the housework.



D)D) The woman takes good care of the man.The woman takes good care of the man.


ScriptScriptScriptScript


Anne — W Anne — W George — MGeorge — M

W:W: We ought to have the sitting-room done up, George. The We ought to have the sitting-room done up, George. The wallpaper’s beginning to peel and the paint’s scratched in wallpaper’s beginning to peel and the paint’s scratched in some places where the children have been playing.some places where the children have been playing.

M:M: Yes, darling, it looks a bit of a mess, doesn’t it? I’ll do it Yes, darling, it looks a bit of a mess, doesn’t it? I’ll do it up as soon as I have a weekend free.up as soon as I have a weekend free.

W:W: I didn’t think you would have time to do it yourself, I didn’t think you would have time to do it yourself, George. And you always lose your temper if things go George. And you always lose your temper if things go wrong. Wouldn’t it be better to leave the job to someone wrong. Wouldn’t it be better to leave the job to someone else?else?

M:M: Do you mean that I’m not capable of decorating the room Do you mean that I’m not capable of decorating the room myself?myself?

W:W: Of course not, darling, but I hate to see you working Of course not, darling, but I hate to see you working during the weekend when you’re tired.during the weekend when you’re tired.

M:M: Well, to tell the truth, I have had rather a lot to do lately.Well, to tell the truth, I have had rather a lot to do lately.

W:W: I’m glad you agree. I’ve enquired at the shop on Market I’m glad you agree. I’ve enquired at the shop on Market Street and they’ve quoted a very reasonable price. So I’ll Street and they’ve quoted a very reasonable price. So I’ll tell them to come next week. tell them to come next week.



《听说教程 III 》 Part 4.3, p. 122Part 4.3, p. 122《听说教程 III 》 Part 4.3, p. 122Part 4.3, p. 122


Passage 1Passage 1

QuestionsQuestionsQuestionsQuestions

1.1. A)A) We will not have enough food to eat. We will not have enough food to eat.

B)B) All the oil that drives our cars will be used up. All the oil that drives our cars will be used up.

C)C) The earth will become too crowded. The earth will become too crowded.

D)D) There will be little water left on Earth. There will be little water left on Earth.

Passage 1Passage 1


2.2. A)A) Venus is too hot. Venus is too hot.

B)B) There is no water there. There is no water there.

C)C) There is no oil. There is no oil.

D)D) It is lacking in carbon dioxide. It is lacking in carbon dioxide.

Passage 1Passage 1


3.3. A)A) They can be bred in any conditions. They can be bred in any conditions.

B)B) They produce oxygen. They produce oxygen.

C)C) They can easily be carried in spaceships. They can easily be carried in spaceships.

D)D) They are organisms. They are organisms.

Passage 1Passage 1


4.4. A)A) A large amount of carbon. A large amount of carbon.

B)B) Heavy rain. Heavy rain.

C)C) The proper temperature. The proper temperature.

D)D) Enough water. Enough water.

Passage 1Passage 1


5.5. A)A) The way to ensure the survival of the human The way to ensure the survival of the human race race on Venus. on Venus.

B)B) The way to breed organisms on Venus. The way to breed organisms on Venus.

C)C) The way to reduce the population of the The way to reduce the population of the Earth. Earth.

D)D) The way to conquer the universe. The way to conquer the universe.


Passage 1Passage 1


1.1. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?

A)A) We will not have enough food to eat. We will not have enough food to eat.



D)D) There will be little water left on Earth.There will be little water left on Earth.

1.1. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?

A)A) We will not have enough food to eat. We will not have enough food to eat.



D)D) There will be little water left on Earth.There will be little water left on Earth.

Passage 1Passage 1


2.2. According to Professor Carl Sagan, what’s wrong with the According to Professor Carl Sagan, what’s wrong with the atmosphere of Venus? atmosphere of Venus?

A)A) Venus is too hot. Venus is too hot.



D)D) It is lacking in carbon dioxide.It is lacking in carbon dioxide.

2.2. According to Professor Carl Sagan, what’s wrong with the According to Professor Carl Sagan, what’s wrong with the atmosphere of Venus? atmosphere of Venus?

A)A) Venus is too hot. Venus is too hot.



D)D) It is lacking in carbon dioxide.It is lacking in carbon dioxide.

Passage 1Passage 1


3.3. Why are algae important for the colonisation of Venus? Why are algae important for the colonisation of Venus?

A)A) They can be bred in any conditions. They can be bred in any conditions.



D)D) They are organisms.They are organisms.

3.3. Why are algae important for the colonisation of Venus? Why are algae important for the colonisation of Venus?

A)A) They can be bred in any conditions. They can be bred in any conditions.



D)D) They are organisms.They are organisms.

Passage 1Passage 1


4.4. Which one of the following is the most important thing for Which one of the following is the most important thing for the scientists to create? the scientists to create?

A)A) A large amount of carbon. A large amount of carbon.




4.4. Which one of the following is the most important thing for Which one of the following is the most important thing for the scientists to create? the scientists to create?

A)A) A large amount of carbon. A large amount of carbon.




Passage 1Passage 1


5.5. What is the passage mainly talking about? What is the passage mainly talking about?

A)A) The way to ensure the survival of the human The way to ensure the survival of the human race race on Venus. on Venus.



D)D) The way to conquer the universe.The way to conquer the universe.

5.5. What is the passage mainly talking about? What is the passage mainly talking about?

A)A) The way to ensure the survival of the human The way to ensure the survival of the human race race on Venus. on Venus.



D)D) The way to conquer the universe.The way to conquer the universe.

Passage 1Passage 1

CheckupCheckupCheckupCheckup


If the population of the Earth goes on increasing at its presIf the population of the Earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to suent rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if prestain life on the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives sent trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feour cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on Earth will meding the human race, the crowded conditions on Earth will make it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else.ake it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else.

An American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan, believes that An American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan, believes that before the earth’s resources are completely exhausted, it will bbefore the earth’s resources are completely exhausted, it will be possible to change the atmosphere of Venus and so create a ne possible to change the atmosphere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as Earth itself. The difficulty is that Vew world almost as large as Earth itself. The difficulty is that Venus is much hotter than the Earth and there is only a tiny amoenus is much hotter than the Earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. unt of water there.


Sagan proposes that algae, organisms that can live in extreSagan proposes that algae, organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxmely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen, should be bred in conditions similar to those on Venus. Aygen, should be bred in conditions similar to those on Venus. As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small ros soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceships will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets intckets. Spaceships will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere. In a fairly short time, the algae will break doo the atmosphere. In a fairly short time, the algae will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.wn the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.

When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will become cooler but before man can set foot on Venus, it will be become cooler but before man can set foot on Venus, it will be necessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the plnecessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for men to land on it but the rain will eanet will still be too hot for men to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like Earth will be reventually fall and in a few years something like Earth will be reproduced on Venus.produced on Venus.


1.1. Review Text AReview Text A

2.2. Do exercises:Do exercises:

•• Reading AnalysisReading Analysis (Ex. XIII, p. 209)(Ex. XIII, p. 209)

•• Structured Writing Structured Writing (Ex. XIV, p. 210)(Ex. XIV, p. 210)

•• Word BuildingWord Building (Ex. VI & VII, p. 203) (Ex. VI & VII, p. 203)

AssignmentAssignmentAssignmentAssignment

unit 8: part b 21st century college english: book 3

Documents

structure slide

space programmes

space age

space station

longterm space missions

checkup dictation slide

following sentences

b revision of text