unit 7: world war ii powerpoint [part 2]

PowerPoint Presentation

U.S. 4.9 Part 1: Major Battles ofThe War in EuropeUnit 7: World War II (1939-1945)

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Describe at least 3 things that you know (or think you know) about D-Day.U.S. 4.9.1 Bellringer3/31/15YOU MUST WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES!

U.S. 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10Unit 7: World War IIStudents examine the social, economic, and political struggles and achievements that led to the United States becoming a world power from the 1920s until the end of World War II.This standard covers Becoming a World Power through World War II. We cover a total of 10 GLEs and it totals 29% of the GLEs on your EOC Test. You will have 15 questions from this section on the EOC. This makes up 30% of the EOC. This standard that makes up the LARGEST PORTION of the EOC.Standard 4 will be concluded in this unit.GLEsStandard 4This lesson will help you prepare for the EOC in U.S. History as well as the ACT.The lesson today will also help you pass the Unit Test (4.6 4.10).Lesson Purpose

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U.S. 4.9 Part 1: The War in EuropeThe Battle of the AtlanticThe Battle of StalingradNorth African CampaignOperation TorchOperation OverlordD-DayBattle of MidwayBattle of OkinawaIsland Hopping StrategyKamikaze PilotsManhattan ProjectAtomic Bombs on JapanLittle Boy on HiroshimaFat Man on NagasakiKey TermsObjectiveThe students will be able to analyze the major events, turning points, and key strategic decisions of World War II and explain how these factors affected the outcome of the war.The students will be able to describe the key battles of World War II in the European Theater and the major leaders/generals of the war.

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Unit 7: World War IIAs you recall, we have examined events that brought about World War II. Weve also examined why the U.S. entered the war.

The U.S. helped turn the tide of the war, just as they did in World War I. The United States was becoming a superpower. In fact, World War II would legitimize the status of the United States as a global superpower. This will cause conflict in the years following World War II all the way through the 1980s in what will become known as the Cold War.Making ConnectionsYou will have a quiz on Section 4.6 and Sections 4.7/4.8. You will not have a quiz on 4.9 or 4.10, but they will be on the test, which will assess 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, and 4.10.Each quiz has on average 25 multiple choice questions.I recommend that you study the EOC Vocabulary the most.Quizzes and Tests

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Timeline: World War IIOctober 1935 May 1936: Invasion of Ethiopia1935 1936

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Major Powers of World War IIJapanItalyGermany and Hungary, Bulgaria, and many more

Great BritainFranceUnited StatesSoviet Union*and China, Poland, and many more

Germany Italy Japan Soviet Union France Great Britain U.S.

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The War Begins: September 1st, 1939On March 15th, 1939, Hitler took over the rest of Czechoslovakia and then turned his attention to Poland.On March 31st, 1939, France and Britain pledged support to Poland, agreeing to help if Germany invaded.

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The War Begins: September 1st, 1939On August 23rd, 1939, Hitler and Stalin signed a Non-Aggression Pact in which they agreed not to fight each other. In a second secret pact, they agreed to divide Poland (as well as other Eastern European nations) between them. This eliminated the possibility of a two-front war.

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Timeline: World War IIOctober 1935 May 1936: Invasion of Ethiopia1935 1936 August 23rd, 1939: Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact1939

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The War Begins: September 1st, 1939Hitler invaded Poland on September 1st, 1939, and defeated the country in 3 weeks. This was known as the blitzkrieg, or lightning war. It was a fast and concentrated land and air attack that took enemies by surprise.

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The War Begins: September 1st, 1939Victim of the bombing of Poland

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Survivor of the bombing of Poland

The War Begins: September 1st, 1939

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The War Begins: September 1st, 1939Germany was able to defeat Poland in less than a month for four major reasons:It was the first time that the blitzkrieg was used, so no one really knew what to expect.Germany had a more advanced military than Poland.France and Britain were unable to aid Poland in time.Finally, the Soviet Union came to Germanys aid, and under the terms of the secret non-aggression pact, seized eastern Poland.

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Destruction in Warsaw

The War Begins: September 1st, 1939

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The War Begins: September 1st, 1939Because of the attack on Poland, Great Britain and France declared war on Germany on September 3rd, 1939. World War II had officially begun.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Timeline: World War IIOctober 1935 May 1936: Invasion of Ethiopia1935 1936 August 23rd, 1939: Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression PactSeptember 1st, 1939: Invasion of Poland; World War II begins

1939

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Key Battles of World War II: European TheaterBattle ofBritain

OperationTorch(North Africa Campaign)Battle ofStalingrad

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Key Battles of World War II: European TheaterBattle of theBulge

Battle of theAtlantic

OperationOverlord(D-Day)

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War on the Western FrontOn April 9th, 1940, Germany invaded Denmark and Norway. The Phony War was over. Soon the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg were overrun.Fall of France: Germany went around the Maginot Line and invaded France. The Germans divided the British and the French troops, forcing the British to retreat to the northern city of Dunkirk.

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War on the Western FrontAs a result of the British retreat to Dunkirk, 340,000 British troops were cut off and had to be carried back to England by 900 vessels. This was one of the greatest rescues in the history of warfare. On June 17th, 1940, France surrendered to Germany, leaving Britain alone to fight. Under the terms of surrender, Germany occupied the northern three-fifths of France and the entire Atlantic coast southward to Spain.

Rescue at Dunkirk

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War on the Western FrontRescue at Dunkirk

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War on the Western FrontThe French government supervised the unoccupied part of France from the city of Vichy, becoming known as Vichy France. They used a policy of collaboration (close cooperation) with Nazi Germany.Led by General Charles de Gaulle, the Free French continued the fight against Nazi Germany in an underground resistance movement.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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1939

May June 1940: Fall of France1940

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Battle of BritainThe Battle of Britain lasted from the summer of 1940 into the fall and took place over the skies of Britain. In this battle, Hitler launched the greatest air assault the world had ever seen against London and the rest of Britain.

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Battle of BritainTaking Shelter UndergroundDuring World War II, a woman slipped and fell at the top of the stairs of Bethnal Green tube station in London. It was being used as a bomb shelter. The resulting domino effect killed 176 people.

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Battle of BritainAftermath of the Birmingham Blitz

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Battle of BritainChildren in a London suburb after a random bombing

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Battle of BritainThe RAF (Royal Air Force) was able to hold off the German Luftwaffe (air force) using radar, leading Hitler to eventually give up on trying to invade Britain.

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Battle of BritainWinston Churchill was an inspirational leader who encouraged people to resist the invasion.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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1939

May June 1940: Fall of FranceJune 1940: _______________________________ beginsJuly September 1940: Battle of Britain

1940

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Germany allowed the Red Cross to send care packages to POWs.Special Monopoly boxes were created that contained items to help the prisoners escape, including:

German, French, and Italian currency hidden in the Monopoly money. A metal file, hidden within the board. A small compass hidden in a play piece Silk maps of the prison and its location hidden inside the hotel pieces.

Sneaky Allies!

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Battle of the AtlanticHitler ordered submarine attacks off the eastern U.S. coastline. In total, 681 ships were sunk in the Atlantic during the first seven months of the war.By May 1943, U.S. convoys with naval escorts using sonar started sinking German u-boats faster than the Germans could replace them. The U.S., however, began launching cargo ships fast enough to keep up with their losses.

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Battle of the AtlanticIt was the longest naval battle of World War II, lasting almost the entire length of the war.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Operation Torch (The North Africa Campaign)In February 1941, Hitler sent General Erwin Rommel (nicknamed the Desert Fox for his shrewd tactics) to reinforce the Italians fighting in North Africa.

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Operation Torch (The North Africa Campaign)Rommel threatened British controlled Egypt and the Middle East, but British General Bernard Law Monty Montgomery won a decisive victory at the Battle of El Alamein. The German army retreated to the west. The Battle of El Alamein was a turning point in the North African campaign.In February 1943, the inexperienced Americans suffered a major defeat at Kasserine Pass. They learned from the defeat, however, and by early May 1943, the last of the German Afrika Korps surrendered.

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1939

May June 1940: Fall of FranceJune 1940: North Africa Campaign beginsJuly September 1940: Battle of Britain

1940

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The Fall of MussoliniSoviet leader Joseph Stalin wanted the Allies to open a second front in France, but FDR and Churchill felt that they did not have enough troops to do it. After the Allies gained control of Africa, their next target would be Italy.

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The Fall of MussoliniShortly after the invasion of Italy, Mussolini was defeated in the Italian election. As a result, Italian King Victor Emmanuel III stripped Mussolini of power and arrested him.Hitler sent troops to free Mussolini and restore his power. It would take 18 months to drive the Germans out of Italy.

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Fascist Bromance

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Fascist Bromance

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The Fall of MussoliniFinally, on April 28th, 1945, Italian freedom fighters captured Mussolini. They shot and killed him in Milan Square as he was trying to escape across the border. His body was then taken to Milan, where it was hung upside down at a service station for public viewing and to provide confirmation of his death.

In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Battle of StalingradIn Mein Kampf, Hitler called for the conquest of the Soviet Union to give the German people Lebensraum (living space). Hitler believed Germany needed to be self-sufficient, which meant that it needed its own sources of food and oil. Hitler decided to turn his war machine to the east and seize the farmland in the Ukraine (part of the Soviet Union).

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Battle of StalingradThe intensity of the attack took the Soviet Union by surprise. Because they had been treated so poorly by Stalin, the Soviet people welcomed the Germans, whom they thought were there to liberate them. This feeling ended once the German troops introduced forced labor and began executing citizens.

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1939

May June 1940: Fall of FranceJune 1940: North Africa Campaign beginsJuly September 1940: Battle of Britain

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June December 1941: Invasion of the Soviet UnionDecember 7th, 1941: Attack on Pearl Harbor1941

June 1942: Battle of ______________________August 1942: Battle of Stalingrad begins1942

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GOOD AFTERNOON, KYLAN!Grab your notebook and get ready for your bellringer. If you do not have anotebook, use loose leaf!Have your pencil/pen/highlighter ready. If you need to borrow one, you must leave your ID.

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How many flashcards do you have to make?When are flashcards due for seniors?When are flashcards due for juniors and sophomores?How much is this assignment worth?Come up with AT LEAST TWO of your own questions about the Flashcard Assignment.U.S. 4.9.1 Bellringer4/1/15

Battle of StalingradStalin had ordered his troops to defend the city at all costs. Unlike the Germans, the Soviets were well equipped to fight in the winter weather. As the weather grew worse, thousands of wounded, starving German soldiers froze to death in subzero temperatures. Throughout the battle, the Soviets offered many chances for the Germans to surrender. Hitler, unfazed, refused to let his troops surrender.

There were many instances of cannibalism by necessity during the Battle of Stalingrad. The Stalingrad police even formed a special division to combat cannibalism. Surrender is forbidden. The 6th Army will hold their position to the last manand by their heroic endurance will make an unforgettable contribution towardthe salvation of the Western World.

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Battle of StalingradFinally, against Hitlers commands, the surviving German troops simply quietly surrendered. The Battle of Stalingrad ended on January 31st, 1943, ten years and one day after Hitler had come to power in Germany.

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Battle of StalingradThe Germans were finally defeated at the Battle of Stalingrad, considered the bloodiest battle in the history of warfare. Cost to the Soviet Union: 1,250,000 Soviets were killed.Cost to Germany: 240,000 Germans were killed and 91,000 Germans were captured.

German Prisoners of WarDead Soviet Soldiers

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Battle of StalingradTen days after the invasion, Stalin broadcast a message to his people- do not leave anything behind that the enemy could use. So, as troops retreated, they destroyed everything that could be useful to the Germans. Stalin repeatedly asked the Allies for help. Though he did not receive it, he did convince them to invade Italy.

Scorched Earth Policy in RussiaIn your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Battle of Stalingrad

The 1077th Anti-Aircraft Regiment fought during the Battle of Stalingrad. The regiment, like many of the anti-aircraft units, was made up almost entirely of young women (volunteers) who were barely out of high school.

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Operation Overlord (The D-Day Invasion)Operation Overlord was the code for the invasion of Europe- to take Europe back from Axis Powers.D-Day (Day of Invasion): On June 6th, 1944, the Allies landed on Frances Normandy coastline with 156,000 troops, 4,000 landing crafts, 600 warships, and 11,000 planes.

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Operation Overlord (The D-Day Invasion)

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Paratroopers are dropped behind enemy lines

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Eisenhower gives the command: Full victory. Nothing else.

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Operation Overlord (The D-Day Invasion)Within a month, more than 1,000,000 men, 170,000 trucks, and 567,000 tons of supply were landed in France.

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Operation Overlord (The D-Day Invasion)Paris was freed on August 23 by French resistance troops (the Free French), led by General Charles de Gaulle, and American forces.

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Celebrating the Freedom of Paris

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Celebrating near the Arc de TriompheIn your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Timeline: World War IIJune 6th, 1944: D-Day (Operation Overlord)December 1944: Battle of the ______________ beginsDecember 1944: ________________________________

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February 1943: Battle of Stalingrad endsMay 1943: North Africa Campaign ends1943



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Battle of the Bulge (Operation Overlord)On December 16th, 1944, Hitler launched a counterattack to seize the Belgian port city of Antwerp. This was the last major offensive by the Germans, and would eventually result in Germanys full surrender.

General Patton

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Battle of the Bulge (Operation Overlord)Germany's goal was to split the British and American Allied line in half, capture Antwerp, and encircle and destroy four Allied armies. Hitler hoped to force the Western Allies to negotiate a peace treaty in the Axis Powers' favor. Once that happened, Hitler could fully concentrate on the eastern theater of the war.

Hitler and his General Staff review battle plans

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Battle of the Bulge (Operation Overlord)

During World War II, a group of American soldiers used fake tanks and pre-recorded sounds to deceive the Nazis into thinking their army was bigger than it actually was. They were called the Ghost Army. German soldiers booby trapped paintings and hung them crooked.

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Battle of the Bulge (Operation Overlord)The Germans smashed into the U.S. army and pushed it back, forming a bulge in the Allied line and cutting off U.S. units.Eisenhower ordered General George S. Patton to the battle. Pattons Third Army moved north to help stop the advance. After a month long battle, the Germans were pushed back with heavy losses that could not be replaced.

Eisenhower and PattonU.S. Third Army

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Battle of the Bulge (Operation Overlord)Germany was in retreat on all fronts. The Soviets pushed in from the East; the Allies pushed from the West.The Battle of the Bulge was the largest battle fought in Western Europe during World War II. It was also the costliest battle in terms of casualties for the U.S., whose forces bore the brunt of the attack, during all of WWII.

A 15 year old German soldier cries upon being captured by the AlliesIn your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Timeline: World War IIJune 6th, 1944: D-Day (Operation Overlord)December 1944: Battle of the Bulge beginsDecember 1944: Korematsu v. United States

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January 1945: Battle of the Bulge endsFebruary 1945: _______________ ConferenceFebruary March 1945: Battle of _______________April June 1945: Battle of ______________________

1945

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The War in Europe EndsOn April 25th, 1945, the Soviets stormed Berlin. The city panicked, and the German troops fled.

The very first bomb dropped on Berlin by the Allies killed the only elephant of the Berlin Zoo.

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The War in Europe EndsWhile hiding in his bunker, Hitler married his long-time mistress, Eva Braun. He also wrote a letter to the German people, blaming the Jews for starting the war and his generals for losing it.

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The War in Europe Ends

Hitler and Blondi

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The FuhrerbunkerHitlers bunker, partially burned by retreating German troops and stripped of valuables by invading Russians.

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The War in Europe EndsHitler committed suicide on April 30th, 1945, using his Walther PPK 7.65.

Accounts differ as to the cause of death; one states that he died by poison only, and another that he died by a self-inflicted gunshot while biting down on a cyanide capsule. Contemporary historians have rejected these accounts as being either Soviet propaganda. There is also controversy regarding the authenticity of skull and jaw fragments. In 2009, American researchers performed DNA tests on a skull Soviet officials had long believed to be Hitler's. The tests revealed that the skull was actually that of a woman.

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After Hitler committed suicide, many major Nazi leaders followed.

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The world was led to believe that Hitler had died in battle. The truth of his death would have been too shameful.

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The War in Europe EndsEisenhower accepted the unconditional surrender of Germany (and the end of the war in Europe) on May 8th, 1945. This date would become known as V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day).

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V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day)

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V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day)

In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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January 1945: Battle of the Bulge endsFebruary 1945: _______________ ConferenceFebruary March 1945: Battle of _______________April June 1945: Battle of ______________________May 8th, 1945: V-E DayJuly August 1945: _______________ ConferenceAugust 8th, 1945: Dropping of _________________August 11th, 1945: Dropping of _____________September 2nd, 1945: ________________________

1945

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The defeat of the Germans allowed the Americans to no longer have divided forces (split between fighting the Germans and the Japanese) and we could focus on defeating the Japanese in the Pacific Theater.U.S. 4.9 Part 1: The War in EuropeFuture Connections

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U.S. 4.9.1Exit Ticket4/1/15

U.S. 4.9.1Exit Ticket 4/1/15Why was Germany able to defeat Poland in less than a month after the German blitzkrieg?How did the British Royal Air Force (RAF) defeat Germany in the Battle of Britain?What was significant (important) about the Battle of Stalingrad? Explain briefly.YOU MUST WRITE YOUR HEADING CORRECTLY TO GET CREDIT!YOU MUST WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES!

GOOD MORNING, DEAVANTE!Grab your notebook and get ready for your bellringer. If you do not have anotebook, use loose leaf!Have your pencil/pen/highlighter ready. If you need to borrow one, you must leave your ID.

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Which general is best known for his participation in the Battle of the Bulge?What happened in the Bataan Death March?What are kamikazes?U.S. 4.9.2 Bellringer4/7/15YOU MUST WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES!

U.S. 4.9 Part 2: Major Battles ofThe War in the PacificUnit 7: World War II (1939-1945)

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U.S. 4.9 Part 2: The War in the PacificBattle of MidwayBattle of OkinawaIsland Hopping StrategyKamikaze PilotsManhattan ProjectDropping of Atomic Bombs on JapanLittle Boy on HiroshimaFat Man on NagasakiKey TermsObjectiveThe students will learn about the major events, turning points, and key strategic decisions of World War II and how these factors affected the outcome of the war.The students will learn: key battles of World War II in the Pacific Theater and key leaders/generals of the war.

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Unit 7: World War IIAs you recall, we have examined events that brought about World War II. Weve also examined why the U.S. entered the war.

The U.S. helped turn the tide of the war, just as they did in World War I. The United States was becoming a superpower. In fact, World War II would legitimize the status of the United States as a global superpower. This will cause conflict in the years following World War II all the way through the 1980s in what will become known as the Cold War.Making ConnectionsYou will have a quiz on Section 4.6 and Sections 4.7/4.8. You will not have a quiz on 4.9 or 4.10, but they will be on the test, which will assess 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, and 4.10.Each quiz has on average 25 multiple choice questions.I recommend that you study the EOC Vocabulary the most.Quizzes and Tests

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Island Hopping and the Bataan Death MarchGeneral MacArthur and Admiral Chester Nimitz developed the island-hopping technique, which meant avoiding Japanese strongholds and instead attacking less protected islands. By hopping from island to island, the Allies moved closer to the main Japanese islands, putting themselves in a position to bomb Japan.

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Island Hopping and the Bataan Death March

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Island Hopping and the Bataan Death MarchThe Bataan Peninsula fell in early April 1942. As a result, the Japanese captured about 76,000 Filipinos and Americans as prisoners of war. The Japanese split them into groups of 500 to 1,000 and forced them to march 60 miles in the tropical heat to a railroad junction. They took the train to within 8 miles of an army camp, then walked the rest of the way.

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Island Hopping and the Bataan Death MarchThis ordeal became known as the Bataan Death March. During the march, the POWs, both American and Filipino, were denied water and rest and many were beaten and tortured. At least 10,000 prisoners died during the journey. Many were executed by the guards when they became too weak to keep up.Many Filipinos risked- and sometimes lost- their lives to give food and water to the captives during the March.

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Island Hopping and the Bataan Death MarchThe brutality of the Japanese soldiers defied the international standards of conduct towards POWs in the 3rd Geneva Convention.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Key Battles of World War II: Pacific TheaterBattle of theCoral SeaBattle ofGuadalcanalBattle ofLeyte Gulf

Battle ofMidwayBattle ofIwo JimaBattle ofOkinawa

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Battle of the Coral SeaThe U.S. Navy stopped the Japanese invasion of Australia in the first sea battle where the opposing ships never saw one another or fired a shot. All of the fighting in this battle was done by carrier based planes.The Japanese actually won the battle, but they had to withdraw because of a shortage of fuel. It was the first time the Japanese had been stopped since Pearl Harbor.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Battle of GuadalcanalThe Battle of Guadalcanal began in August of 1942. By February 1943, the Japanese, badly outnumbered, were forced to evacuate their remaining 12,000 troops from Guadalcanal. Along with the naval Battle of Midway, the fighting on Guadalcanal marked a turning point in favor of the Allies in the Pacific War.

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Battle of GuadalcanalWhen the United States defeated the Japanese on the island of Guadalcanal, it became their first victory on land and allowed the Allies to take the offensive in the Pacific.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Battle of MidwayThe Battle of Midway began in June of 1942. Over 100 Japanese ships were heading to invade Midway Island, but the U.S. had broken the naval code. We were waiting for the Japanese.The U.S. sank all 4 Japanese aircraft carriers, a cruiser, and 250 planes. Japan lost some of their most skilled pilots.As in the Battle of the Coral Sea, the Battle of Midway was fought entirely from the air, using carriers based in the Pacific Ocean.

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Battle of MidwayThe Battle of Midway was significant because it assured Americas position of naval power in the Pacific Ocean and changed the course of the war in the South Pacific in favor of the United States. The U.S. victory also made it easier for the U.S. navy to advance across the Pacific Ocean.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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1944



June 1942: Battle of MidwayAugust 1942: Battle of Stalingrad begins1942

January 1945: Battle of the Bulge endsFebruary 1945: _______________ ConferenceFebruary March 1945: Battle of _______________April June 1945: Battle of ______________________

1945

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Battle of Leyte Gulf and Kamikaze PilotsThe Battle of Leyte Gulf began in October 1944. It is thought to be the greatest naval battle in history.

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Battle of Leyte Gulf and Kamikaze PilotsThis was the first battle in which kamikazes (suicide planes) were used. Kamikaze pilots loaded their planes with bombs and crashed them into enemy ships for maximum damage.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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Battle of Iwo JimaThe fighting grew deadlier as U.S. troops moved closer to Japan. The Battle of Iwo Jima (1945) is considered one of the bloodiest battles of the war in the Pacific Theater.U.S. forces suffered about 25,000 casualties. The Japanese fought to the end; only 250 were taken prisoner.

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Battle of OkinawaThe Battle of Okinawa lasted from April to June of 1945. It was significant because the island of Okinawa was Japans last defensive outpost, and it was fiercely defended. In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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January 1945: Battle of the Bulge endsFebruary 1945: _______________ ConferenceFebruary March 1945: Battle of Iwo JimaApril June 1945: Battle of OkinawaMay 8th, 1945: V-E DayJuly August 1945: _______________ ConferenceAugust 8th, 1945: Dropping of _________________August 11th, 1945: Dropping of _____________September 2nd, 1945: ________________________

1945

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The Manhattan ProjectThe Manhattan Project was code for the building of the atomic bomb- one that could destroy an entire city. J. Robert Oppenheimer led a team of scientists in a secret lab in Los Alamos, New Mexico to build the actual bomb.

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The Trinity Test

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The Manhattan ProjectThe debate turned to the question of whether or not to actually use the bomb. Some scientists claimed it would be immoral to use the weapon without warning Japan first. Those in favor of the bomb claimed it would save American lives and that it needed to be used in order to justify the cost of building it. President Harry S. Truman made the final decision to use the bomb. He gave Japan one last chance to surrender, or face utter destruction. Japan refused.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

ATTENTION JAPANESE PEOPLE.EVACUATE YOUR CITIES.We are in possession of themost destructive explosiveever devised by manwe ask that you now petition the Emperor to end the war.

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Dropping of Atomic Bombs on JapanOn August 6th, 1945, the U.S. dropped an atomic bomb (code named Little Boy) on the city of Hiroshima, an important Japanese military center. 43 seconds later, almost every building in the city collapsed into dust. In spite of the incredible destruction, Japanese leaders still refused to surrender.

Little Boy

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Dropping of Atomic Bombs on Japan

Mushroom clouds after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima (left) and Nagasaki (right)

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Hiroshima before and after the atomic bomb

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Dropping of Atomic Bombs on JapanOn August 9th, 1945, a second bomb (code named Fat Man) was dropped on the city of Nagasaki, leveling half of the city. By the end of the year, more than 200,000 Japanese people had died of injuries and radiation poisoning caused by the atomic blasts.

Watch stopped at exactly 8:15 AM

Fat Man

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Dropping of Atomic Bombs on JapanMushroom cloud over Nagasaki

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Dropping of Atomic Bombs on JapanNagasaki before and after

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Dropping of Atomic Bombs on JapanShadows of the Victims

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Dropping of Atomic Bombs on JapanEmperor Hirohito of Japan surrendered less than a week after the destruction of Nagasaki. On September 2nd, 1945, officials from Japan, the United States, and other countries around the world formally signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender. The war was finally over.

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MacArthur and Nimitz sign the Unconditional Surrender

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Dropping of Atomic Bombs on JapanIn the U.S., Victory over Japan Day (V-J Day) is celebrated on September 2nd, 1945, the day of the official surrender.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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HiroshimaNagasakiPearl Harbor70,000 Dead40,000 Dead2,400 Dead

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January 1945: Battle of the Bulge endsFebruary 1945: _______________ ConferenceFebruary March 1945: Battle of Iwo JimaApril June 1945: Battle of OkinawaMay 8th, 1945: V-E DayJuly August 1945: _______________ ConferenceAugust 8th, 1945: Dropping of Atomic bomb on HiroshimaAugust 11th, 1945: Dropping of Atomic bomb on NagasakiSeptember 2nd, 1945: V-J Day

1945

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War Conferences

CasablancaConference

TehranConference

YaltaConference

PotsdamConference

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The Casablanca ConferenceThe Casablanca Conference took place in January 1943. Because it took place in the midst of war, it focused on strategy.Churchill and Roosevelt decided to maintain the approach of dealing with Europe first.They also decided that they would accept nothing less than unconditional surrender from the Axis Powers.

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The Tehran ConferenceThe Tehran Conference also took place in 1943, and again focused on strategies. In it, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin decided to open up a second battle front in Europe. They decided that the Soviets were to enter into war against Japan after the defeat of Germany.

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The Yalta ConferenceThe MAIN purpose of the Yalta Conference was to develop plans for post-war Europe.

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The Yalta ConferenceIt took place from February 4th 11th, 1945. The plans included:After Germany surrendered, they were to be disarmed and the country would be divided into four parts, to be governed by Great Britain, France, the U.S., and the Soviet Union.They agreed to hold a war crimes trial after the war. The Soviet Union would get concessions in Manchuria for entering the war against Japan.Plus, the Soviets were to receive 3 seats in the United Nations General Assembly.

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The Yalta ConferenceStalin never fulfilled the promises he made at the Yalta Conference. In fact, according to critics, Roosevelt and Churchill did not do enough to prevent the eventual Soviet domination of Eastern Europe. This set the stage for the Cold War.In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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January 1945: Battle of the Bulge endsFebruary 1945: Yalta ConferenceFebruary March 1945: Battle of Iwo JimaApril June 1945: Battle of OkinawaMay 8th, 1945: V-E DayJuly August 1945: _______________ ConferenceAugust 8th, 1945: Dropping of Atomic bomb on HiroshimaAugust 11th, 1945: Dropping of Atomic bomb on NagasakiSeptember 2nd, 1945: V-J Day

1945

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The Potsdam Conference and DeclarationIn 1945, Allied leaders gathered at the Potsdam Conference to decide how to administer punishment to the defeated Nazi Germany, which had agreed to unconditional surrender nine weeks earlier on May 8th (V-E Day).The goals of the conference included establishing post-war order, peace treaties, and countering the effects of war.

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The Potsdam Conference and DeclarationThey issued the Potsdam Declaration, which had numerous provisions, including:The unconditional surrender of Japan (or it would face prompt and utter destruction).The set up of a council to administer Germany.The set up of machinery to negotiate peace treaties.Transfer of German people out of Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland and into Germany.Stalins announcement that there would be no elections in Eastern Europe. In your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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January 1945: Battle of the Bulge endsFebruary 1945: Yalta ConferenceFebruary March 1945: Battle of Iwo JimaApril June 1945: Battle of OkinawaMay 8th, 1945: V-E DayJuly August 1945: Potsdam ConferenceAugust 8th, 1945: Dropping of Atomic bomb on HiroshimaAugust 11th, 1945: Dropping of Atomic bomb on NagasakiSeptember 2nd, 1945: V-J Day

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The HolocaustDuring World War II, the Nazis carried out a brutal plan that led to the deaths of 6 million Jews and other victims, including blacks, gypsies, and homosexuals. The victims were identified by patches on their clothing (EX: Jewish Star of David).

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The HolocaustThe Nuremburg Laws established a pseudo-scientific basis for racial identification. Only people with four German grandparents (four white circles in top row left) were of "German blood". A Jew is someone who descends from three or four Jewish grandparents (black circles in top row right). In the middle stood people of "mixed blood. Also includes a list of allowed marriages and forbidden marriages.

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The HolocaustJews in Europe faced persecution for their religious beliefs for centuries. In the mid-1800s, a new form of anti-Jewish prejudice arose based on racial theories. Some claimed Germanic people called Aryans were superior to Middle Eastern people called Semites. Semitic peoples included Arabs and Jews, but the term often applied to Jews only.

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The HolocaustAnti-Semitism was a term used to describe the discrimination or hostility, often violent, directed at the Jews. When Hitler became Germanys leader in 1933, he made anti-Semitism the official policy of the nation. The Germans established ghettos in which the Jews were forced to live. In the Warsaw ghetto, around 400,000 Jews were confined to an area about 3% of the size of the city. A wall topped with barbed wire and guarded by Germans surrounded them.

Starving child in the street of the Warsaw ghetto

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The HolocaustJews are forcibly removed from the Warsaw Ghetto

Bodies of Jews who committed suicide by jumping from a fourth story window rather than be captured

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The HolocaustAt concentration camps, where forced labor was done, Jews received very little food. Hunger, overcrowding, and a lack of sanitation brought on diseases.

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Work Makes Freedom, at Dachau and Auschwitz

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Map of Camps

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The HolocaustDeath camps were different from concentration camps- they were used for mass murder. Gas chambers, which used poison gas to kill people, were installed at the death camp in Auschwitz (located in Western Poland).

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Tracks leading to Death Camp at Auschwitz

The HolocaustJews would be loaded onto cattle trains and shipped to the death camps. They were told they were going to The East to work. At 4 of the 6 death camps, nearly all were murdered shortly after they arrived.

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The HolocaustHungarian Jews are selected for the gas chambersTheir possessions were seized by the Nazis to help fund the war. They were then herded naked into the gas chambers. Usually they were told these were showers. To avoid creating panic, they were sometimes given a small piece of soap and a towel and were told to remember where they had put their belongings. When they asked for water, they were told to hurry up, because coffee was waiting for them in the camp and it was getting cold.

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Auschwitz Gas Chamber

Once the chamber was full, the doors were screwed shut and pellets of Zyklon-B were dropped into the chambers, releasing toxic cyanide. Those inside died within 20 minutes, but it is estimated that about one-third of the victims died immediately.According to a witness, Shouting and screaming of the victims could be heard through the opening and it was clear that they fought for their lives. When they were removed, the victims were found half-squatting, their skin colored pink with red and green spots, some foaming at the mouth or bleeding from the ears.

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UsedZyklon B ContainersHair from the head of Jews; This was used in mattressesThe gas was then pumped out, the bodies were removed, gold fillings in their teeth were extracted with pliers by dentist prisoners, and women's hair was cut.

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The HolocaustThe Germans would salvage any article of value from the victims, including jewelry or gold fillings from their teeth.Wedding rings stolen from Jews

Gold teethShoes

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The HolocaustExecutions of Jews by German army mobile killing units On the right, Jews are forced to dig their own graves before being executed.

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The HolocaustUp to 581,000 Yugoslav civilians were killed during World War II in Yugoslavia. German forces, under express orders from Hitler, fought with a special vengeance against the Serbs, who were considered Untermensch (sub-human). Above, a German saws off the head of Branko Jungi, an ethnic Serb from Bosnia.

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Genetic experiments were common, especially on twins.

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GOOD AFTERNOON, MARLEY!Grab your notebook and get ready for your bellringer. If you do not have anotebook, use loose leaf!Have your pencil/pen/highlighter ready. If you need to borrow one, you must leave your ID.

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The Holocaust

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The Holocaust

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The HolocaustIn your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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The Nuremburg TrialsIn November 1945, at the Nuremburg Trials, Nazi leaders were put on trial for crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. Hermann Goring, far left, was considered the most important Nazi official after Hitlers suicide.

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The Nuremburg TrialsAn International Military Tribunal was composed of members selected by the U.S., Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and France. The tribunal gave 12 of the 24 defendants the death sentence.

Hermann Goring killed himself the day before he was supposed to be executed.

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The Nuremburg TrialsMost importantly, the Nuremburg Trials established the principle that individuals are responsible for their own actions. The tribunal rejected the idea that they were only following orders. Hitler and GoringIn your own wordsYOU MUST DO THIS TO GET CREDIT!

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The defeat genocide of European Jews during World War II would not be the last genocide of the 20th Century. We would see a genocide in Rwanda and the Sudan in the 1990s.Regarding the concept of following orders this concept was rejected at Nuremburg as those responsible were held accountable for their actions.U.S. 4.9 Part 2: The War in the PacificFuture Connections

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U.S. 4.9.2Exit Ticket4/8/15

U.S. 4.9.2Exit Ticket 4/8/15What military strategy did the United States employ against the Japanese in the Pacific Theater? Explain.What was significant about the Potsdam Conference? Briefly explain.Examine the American decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan. Write whether you support or oppose this decision. Give reasons to support your response.YOU MUST WRITE YOUR HEADING CORRECTLY TO GET CREDIT!YOU MUST WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES!

Unit 7: World War II (1939-1945)

U.S. 4.10:Major Leaders of WWII

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U.S. 4.10: Political and Military Leaders of WWIIAtlantic CharterThe Big ThreeFranklin D. RooseveltWinston ChurchillJoseph StalinGeneral Dwight David EisenhowerGeneral Douglas MacArthurAdmiral Chester A. NimitzHarry S. TrumanThe Founding of the United NationsKey TermsObjectiveThe students will learn how key political and military leaders affected the outcome of World War II and led to the beginning of the Cold War.The students will learn about the founding of the United Nations and its purpose.

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Unit 7: World War IIAs you recall, with the end of the war, much of Europe will be devastated from the war, so now the Allies and the Big Three must work out the peace for the post war world.

We will see also that military leaders from World War II would play an important role in United States politics as we will eventually see General Dwight D. Eisenhower (Ike) elected President of the United States.Making ConnectionsYou will have a quiz on Section 4.6 and Sections 4.7/4.8. You will not have a quiz on 4.9 or 4.10, but they will be on the test, which will assess 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, and 4.10.Each quiz has on average 25 multiple choice questions.I recommend that you study the EOC Vocabulary the most.Quizzes and Tests

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Major Leaders of World War II

Adolf HitlerNazi Dictator of GermanyAnti-Semitic and FascistKnown as Der FurherHolocaust

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Hideki TojoJapanese Prime MinisterAttack on Pearl HarborBrought U.S. into WWII

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Benito MussoliniFascist Dictator of ItalyKnown as El DuceInvasion of Ethiopia

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Emperor HirohitoEmperor of JapanLeader during atomic bombs on JapanUnconditional Surrender

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Major Leaders of World War IIHeinrich HimmlerCommander of SS and GestapoOversaw Jewish concentration campsHeld responsible for Holocaust

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Major Leaders of World War IIFranklin D. Roosevelt32nd U.S. PresidentAttempted neutrality

Allies

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Hemmings

unit 7: world war ii powerpoint [part 2]

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