unit 5: ionic bonding. 3s 2 3p 6 2s22s2 18-argon (ar) 17-chlorine (cl) 2s12s1 10-neon (ne)...
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![Page 1: Unit 5: Ionic Bonding. 3s 2 3p 6 2s22s2 18-argon (Ar) 17-chlorine (Cl) 2s12s1 10-neon (Ne) 9-fluorine (F) Valence Electrons: e – ’s in highest energy](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bfec1a28abf838cb8a3a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unit 5: Ionic Bonding
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3s2 3p6
2s2
18-argon (Ar)
17-chlorine (Cl)
2s1
10-neon (Ne)
9-fluorine (F)
Valence Electrons:•e–’s in highest energy
level
11-sodium (Na)
3-lithium (Li)
4-beryllium (Be)
12-magnesium (Mg)
3s1 3s2 3s2 3p5
2s2 2p5 2s2 2p6
Group # =
Valence #•determine chemical properties
•involved in bonding
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SNa Al Ar
Lewis dot diagram:valence e–’s as dots
Mg ClPSi
1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
The Octet Rule• atoms form bonds to
have 8 valence e–
• full outer level• like noble gases
Ne
lose e–’s gain e–’s
Li Be B C N O F Ne
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Metals form (+) ions:e–’s lost for octetpositive cations
Nonmetals form (–) ions:e–’s gained for octetnegative anions
Ions
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Group 1 1+ charged ions
Mg
Na
[Mg]2+
[Na]+
Group 22+ charged ions
Al [Al]3+
Group 3A3+ charged ions
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1+ 2+ 3+
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Group 6A 2– charged ions
Group 5A 3– charged ions
Group 7A 1– charged ions
F F
O O
N N
–
2–
3–
anions names end in -ide
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AlCl3
Cl–[Na]+Lewis dot
diagrams
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1+ 2+ 3+ 3– 2– 1–
charges vary but
always
+
transitionmetals
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Write the names and symbols for the following ions: (remember the charges)
1. Iodine gains __ e– to form ____
2. Calcium loses __ e– to form ____
3. Sulfur ______ __ e– to form ____
4. Potassium ______ __ e– to form ____
1 I–
2 Ca2+
2 S2–gains
1 K+loses
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1. How does oxygen display the octet rule when forming an ion?
A. loses 2 e–’s for a –2 charged anion
B. loses 6 e–’s for a +6 charged cation
C. gains 2 e–’s for a –2 charged anion
D. gains 2 e–’s for a +2 charged cation
Quick Quiz!
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2. Atoms that tend to gain a noble gas electron configuration by losing valence electrons are…
A. metals
B. nonmetals
C. halogens
D. anions
Quick Quiz.
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3. When a bromine atom forms an anion, it does so by…
A. losing two electrons.
B. gaining two electrons.
C. losing one electron.
D. gaining one electron
Quick Quiz.
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4. Write the name and the symbol of the ion formed from a nitrogen atom.
A. nitrogen ion, N3+
B. nitride, N–
C. nitride, N3–
D. nitrogen ion, N5–
Quick Quiz.