unit 5 evolution. what is evolution? evolution: microevolution change in a population’s genetic...
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Unit 5 EvolutionUnit 5 Evolution
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What is Evolution?What is Evolution?Evolution:
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MicroevolutionMicroevolutionChange in a population’s genetic
structure over timeChange in: alleles/genotype
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Causes of MicroevolutionCauses of Microevolution
Genetic drift: Random changes in frequency of alleles in a population
Gene flow: change of alleles due to migration into or out of a population
Mutation: random change in individual’s genotype
Natural selection: survival of the fittest
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Which causes of Which causes of microevolution form microevolution form adaptations?adaptations?
What is an example of human adaptation?
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MacroevolutionMacroevolutionMassive change to earth causing:
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DNA DNA
What is the purpose of DNA?
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Mutations (changes in Mutations (changes in DNA)DNA)How can mutations affect an
individual?
How can mutations affect a population?
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Changes in genotypeChanges in genotype
How can the genotype of an individual change?
How can the genotype of a population change?
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Change in PhenotypeChange in Phenotype
How can the phenotype of an individual change?
How can the phenotype of a population change?
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Variety in Populations Variety in Populations (adaptations)(adaptations)What are adaptations?
How do adaptations form in a population?
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Changes in the allele Changes in the allele frequency within the gene frequency within the gene poolpoolWhat is the allele frequency?
How can it be changed in a popultion?
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New SpeciesNew Species
How do new species form?
What must they do to survive?
What happens if the species cannot survive?
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Charles DarwinCharles Darwin
1. Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection
2. Natural Selection: organisms pass more favorable traits to offspring ensuring survival
1. “Survival of the Fittest”
3. Publish book, “Origin of Species” in 1859
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Darwin’s Theories
1. Descent w/ modification: younger fossils are a modification of their ancestors
1. Example:
2. Similar fossils of a species were found in close locations
3. Similar Species share a:
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C. Darwin’s TheoriesC. Darwin’s Theories4. Adaptation: trait acquired to
survive changes5. Fitness: ability to pass on favorable
traits to offspring6. Adaptive Advantage: traits that
enable a species to survive better in its environment
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Peppered Moths