Warm Up 1)  Using a Venn Diagram compare and contrast

the north & south

2)  Explain the impact of the cotton gin on slavery in the southern USA:

3)  Discuss how industrialization changed the economic landscape of the United States:

Compare/Contrast South & North NORTH SOUTH

Andrew Jackson Presidency

1829-1837

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS

1825-1829

Election of 1824 I.  Nationalism is replaced by sectionalism

A.  People care more about their region (north or south) instead of the nation

II.  Sectional candidates: A.  John Quincy Adams – Massachusetts (North) B.  Andrew Jackson – Tennessee/North Carolina (South) C.  Henry Clay – Kentucky (West) D.  William Crawford – Georgia (South)

III.  All were Democratic-Republicans

IV.  Voters selected candidates based on sectional ties

Election of 1824

I.  Andrew Jackson won the popular vote (43%) but lacked a majority in the electoral college (needed 51%)

II.  Henry Clay (Speaker of the House) has the power to swing the

election in either direction. III.  Clay disliked Jackson and did not believe he would be a good

president

IV.  Clay swung the election in favor of John Quincy Adams

I.  John Quincy Adams elected as our nations 6th president

II.  AJACK is furious à he should have won!

Corrupt Bargain

I.  Henry Clay used his influence in the House of Representatives to elect John Quincy Adams

II.  Henry Clay was then appointed Secretary of State by John

Q. Adams A.  Clay and Adams made a deal that benefited both of them B.  Seen as illegal, corrupt and dirty by everyone

III.  Jackson is incredibly upset that he had been “cheated” out of the presidency by this corrupt bargain.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qnVpC4zXpM

John Quincy Adam’s Presidency

I.  Never escaped the “corrupt bargain” A.  People see Adams as a cheater & criminal

II.  States eased the requirements to vote: A.  Almost every white-male could vote now

III.  The Tariff of Abominations (Tariff of 1828) A.  High protective tariff (protected northern manufacturing) B.  Increased prices for manufactured goods on southerners

The Truth About Adams I.  JQA’s presidency was short and uneventful.

II.  Adams was always remembered for his role in the corrupt bargain.

A.  Ruined his and Henry Clay’s political careers

III.  JQA will run for reelection in 1828 against AJACK I.  JQA is unpopular & seen as a criminal II.  More people now voting due to ease in voter requirements

HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/

WATCH?V=AH7OQCBYFHQ

Do Now

I.  Create an episode map on the presidency of John Quincy Adams…

II.  We should have these down by now!

THE PRESIDENCY OF ANDREW JACKSON

The Election of 1828 I.  AJACK supporters formed the Democrats

A.  Common man, middle class, national support

II.  John Quincy Adams: National Republicans A.  Elitist, rich , wealth support from New England only

III.  Considered the first modern election A.  Mudslinging, slogans, rallies, and buttons introduced to

campaigning B.  Personal attacks at each other C.  Really nasty election

I.  AJACK is elected 7th President in 1828 II.  He defeated John Quincy Adams by with over 55% of the

vote. III.  Major Support: West, South & Immigrants

An American Hero I.  Jackson is perhaps 2nd only to Washington in

popularity II.  Indian Fighter, “Old Hickory” III.  War Hero- New Orleans IV.  Tough, self-made man V.  Epitome or personification of the West VI.  Independent, strong willed, strong values of

what is right and wrong

I.  AJACK shared a similar political ideology with Thomas Jefferson

II.  He opposed John Marshal (Chief

Justice) à too powerful. III.  He was in favor of state’s rights and

will of people – increased democracy. IV.  He favored “laissez-faire” policies.

A.  A government that does nothing

V.  He wanted to move the country back toward the “simplicity” of Jefferson.

AJACK AS PRESIDENT

Jacksonian Democracy I.  While president AJACK tried to give more political power

to the American people

II.  AJACK pushed to extended voting rights to more “white people”

A.  He advocated throwing out the property requirements within the states.

B.  Jackson supported an amendment for popular election of Senators.

C.  Jackson pushed to have presidential electors chosen by popular vote rather then by state legislatures

III.  AJACK increased the political power of the American people

Jackson’s Policies I.  Jackson filled in Western Lands by selling it

cheaply.. A.  Expansion of the USA

II.  Refused to allow anti-slavery literature to be sent through the mail.

A.  Jackson owned slaves and advocated for the extension of it.

III.  He ignored the Supreme Court and forced the

Cherokee Tribes to be moved to the west of the Mississippi River.

NULLIFICATION CRISIS

Tariff of Abominations I.  Jackson wanted to the pay off the federal debt using short term

tariffs II.  Congress increased the tariff of 1816 (American System) in 1824

& 1828 III.  AJACK’s VP John C. Calhoun (from SC) and other southerners

referred to the Tariff of 1828 as the Tariff of Abominations A.  The tariff economically hurt the southern states (higher prices)

IV.  North & South divide over tariffs A.  North supported the Tariffs – protected merchants (northerners are

manufacturers) B.  South opposed the Tariffs – higher prices on products and loss of profits.

Nullification Crisis I.  Southerners, mainly from South

Carolina, argued the nation could not force a tariff on states that did not want it

II.  John C. Calhoun secretly authors South Carolina Exposition and Protest

III.  Created doctrine that said, states

could nullify Federal laws

IV.  If states cannot nullify laws they can secede

A.  Secede = leave the USA

NULLIFICATION: 1  States were sovereign

(controlled themselves) when they agreed to the Constitution

2  They still control themselves and can throw out laws they believe are unconstitutional

The Problem With Nullification I.  Many members of Congress argue

that nullification is the same as treason.

A.  Betraying your nation

II.  Most of Congress speaks out against nullification

III.  AJACK fires most of Calhoun’s supporters from the government.

IV.  Calhoun resigns from office and gets appointed to the US Senate from SC

The Nullification Crisis I.  President Jackson sends warships to

Charleston Harbor and threatens to hang Calhoun for treason

II.  SC calls a state convention and declares

the Tariff of 1832 null/void (invalid) and refuses to collect it.

A.  AJACK send Proclamation to the People of South Carolina à nullification does not exist

III.  Congress passes the Force Bill to force SC to pay with force.

IV.  Henry Clay offers compromise: Tariffs would be reduced over a period of nine years.

Are You With Me??? ①  Explain the corrupt bargain of 1824:

②  What is Jacksonian Democracy and how did it affect the American people?

③  Why did southerners dislike the Tariff of 1828? (What did southerners call the tariff?)

④  What is nullification? Who created the idea that states could nullify federal laws?

⑤  How did AJACK solve the nullification crisis? Who actually solved the nullification crisis?