unit 3 the interaction function
TRANSCRIPT
UNIT 3. THE INTERACTION FUNCTION
WHAT TO LEARNTo learn about the interaction function.To learn about the interaction function in
plants.To learn about the interaction function in
animals:To study the receptorsTo study coordinationTo study the effectors
PROCESSES OF THE INTERACTION FUNCTION
THE PERCEPTION OF INFORMATION
PROCESSING AND COORDINATION
EXECUTION OF RESPONSES
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STIMULUS
It’s any change in the surroundings
or in the organism which can be
perceived.
RECEPTORS They perceive stimuli.
TYPES
PHOTORECEPTORS
THERMORECEPTORS
MECHANORECEPTORS
CHEMORECEPTORS
They capture light
They detect heat
They detect vibrationsThey detect substances
EFFECTORS
They carry out responses, to
produce movements,
substances, etc
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2. INTERACTION FUNCTION IN PLANTS The most frequent reactions of plants are:
TROPISMS NASTIC MOVEMENTS
CHANGES IN VITAL PROCESSES
They direct the growth towards or away
the stimulus.
Rapid movements of some parts. Reversible.
They modify their vital processes.
Ex: The shoots go to the light.
Ex:A carnivore plant close
their traps to hunt flies
Ex:Flowering in spring
3. INTERACTION FUNCTION IN ANIMALS Receptors: the sense of organs
PHOTORECEPTOR ORGANS: THE EYES
SIMPLE EYESDetect light
COMPOUND EYES: Thousand
of omatidia.
CAMARA-TYPE EYES: Clear images.
Three types
MECHANORECEPTORS ORGANS
Three types
HEARING ORGANS: Capture
Vibrations in air or water
THE LATERAL LINE: Detect vibrations
and movements in water
THE SKIN: Detect pressure
CHEMORECEPTORS ORGANS
ANTENNAE
NOSTRILS
TONGUE
To smell and taste
COORDINATION
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
1. Capture the signals
2. Interprete signals and give orders
3. Communicate the orders
It’s composed by neurons.
It’s composed by endocrine glands.
1.Produce substances called hormones.
The responses are short and fast
2.The hormones provoke responses
The responses are slow
and lasting
THE NERVE IMPULSE
TYPES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
SIMPLE ANIMALS
They have a network of neurons
Ex: Cnidaria
COMPLEX ANIMALS
They have nerves and nerve centres
(Encephalon/spinal cord)
Ex: Vertebrates
Movements caused by muscles
Secretions produced by glands.
Change in the behaviour
THE EFFECTOR: THE RESPONSES
ACTIVITIES1. Complete:a) The changes in the environment which are
perceived by receptors are called:_____________b) The responses of an organism are carry out
by:_________2. Complete the sentence using these words: reversible-response-tropisms-nastic movements-
rapida) _____________ are a type of _____________ in which the
plant grows towards the stimulus or in the opposite direction. ____________ are_________ movements of some plants, and they are ____________.
3. Are they nastic movements or tropisms?a) The roots grow downwards because of gravity.b) A carnivorous plant traps an insect.c) A creeping plant twists around a tree.d)The root of a tree grows towards a water
source.e)The stem of a plant grows grows toward a
window.4. Complete the table:
ORGANS STIMULI RECEPTORSTongueLateral lineAntennaeSkinEarNoseOmatidia
5.Complete with: Nervous system or Endocrine system.
a) It produce hormones.b) It’s composed of neuronsc) It provokes slow and long-lasting responses.d) It produces rapid responses.e) It’s composed of glands.6. Imagine this situation: “A zebra sees a
lion approaching and runs off”a) What’s is the stimulus?b) Which receptor organ acts?c) What is the response?d) What are the effectors that carry out the
response?
7. Complete the text with these words: effector-receptors-stimuli-sense-coordination.Animals have a serie of __________ specialised in
capturing different types of_____________, almost all animals have____________ organs, with organs or systems to carry out the responses.
8. True or false? Correct them.a) Hormones transmit nerve impulse.b) Endocrine glands produce hormones.c) The endocrine system transmit an electric current.d) The endocrine system transmit information
through hormones.e) The nervous system transmit information as an
electric current.