unit 3 american revolution. section 1 – road to revolution

Unit 3

American Revolution

Section 1 – Road to Revolution

Jeffrey Amherst

Pontiac

Fort Detroit

Pontiac’s War

Proclamation of 1763

• control

• angered

No taxation without representation!


Sons of Liberty


• boycott

• repealed

Charles Townshend


• writs of assistance

• tea

Samuel Adams


• printers

George Washington Patrick Henry

Crispus Attucks


• Boston Massacre

John Adams

England’s King George III


• Tea Act

• monopoly

• smugglers

• boycott

Samuel Adams John Hancock


• Boston Tea Party(December 16, 1773)

• control

• rights


• Intolerable Acts(Coercive Acts)

• shut down the port of Boston

• Quartering Act

• Amendment 1– Freedoms of Religion, Speech, Press,

Assembly, and Petition• Protects 5 basic rights

Added because of Intolerable Acts passed by England for the colonies

• Amendment 3– Lodging Troops in Private Homes

• Limits the government’s right to use private homes to house soldiers – must have consent of the owner

Added because of Quartering Acts passed by England for the colonies


• Quebec Act


• Philadelphia

• First Continental Congress

• stop exporting

• militia

• minutemen

Thomas Gage

Paul Revere

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

“Now listen my children and you shall hear of the midnight ride of Paul Revere.”

John Parker Statue in Lexington

Lexington skirmish

Concord battleground


• sharpshooters

Ralph Waldo Emerson

“The shot heard round the world.”

Section 2 – The American Revolution

http://www.theamericanrevolution.org/

Patrick Henry

“Give me liberty or give me death.”

American Revolution began on April 19, 1775at Lexington and Concord

1775 England ColoniesWeapons & supplies Had all they needed Next to none

Armies Biggest in world Next to none

Navy Largest in world None

Money Richest in world

(biggest country)

Next to nothing

Biggest advantage Americans had: fighting on their own soil, they knew the terrain.

Green Mountain Boysled by

Ethan Allen


• Fort Ticonderoga(first big battle of the American Revolution)

• cannon

• Canada


• Second Continental Congress

• Olive Branch Petition

• Continental Army

• George Washington

Battle of Bunker Hill (Breed’s Hill)

Colonel British General William Prescott William Howe


“Don’t shoot until you see

the whites of their eyes!”



• gunpowder

• moral


• mistrusted

• loyalty


• blockade

• Quebec

Richard Montgomery Benedict Arnold


• hunger and disease

Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense


• independence

• traitors

John Adams Benjamin Franklin

Robert Livingston Roger Sherman

Thomas Jefferson

“Father” of the

Declaration of

Independence

John Hancock

Declaration of Independence

3 main parts

1. Basic rights– governments– duty

2. British wrongs

3. An independent nation

–United States of America

Declaration of Independence

United States of America

• ties with Britain were cut

• free

• alliances and trade


• divided

• Patriots– People who wanted colonists to win the revolution

• Loyalists– People who wanted England to win the revolution


• fled

• lost


• middle states

• worst

• Battle of Long Island


• Nathan Hale

• captured

• death

Nathan Hale

“I only regret

that I have but

one life to lose

for my country.”

Thomas Paine wrote The Crisis

Battle of Trenton

Washington Crossing the Delaware River

British General Charles Cornwallis

Princeton


• strategy

• stop the flow of soldiers and supplies

________

Valley Forge

“Gentleman Johnny” Burgoyne


• wives and children

_____

Battle of SaratogaOct. 17, 1777


• France

Benjamin Franklin

• Sent by Continental Congress to Paris in 1776

• His mission:

To persuade French King Louis XVI to help the Americans

• Wanted help from France

– Weapons

– Supplies

• Wanted France to declare war on Britain

– France had a strong navy

Continental Congress

France

• Still angry with Britain over defeat in French and Indian War

• King did not want to openly help Americans unless they could win

• Victory at Saratoga convinced France to become an ally of the U.S.

France

• February 1778, France became first nation to sign a treaty with U.S.

– Recognized U.S. as a nation

– Agreed to provide military aid

European Help

• France declared war on England

• Spain declared war on England

• Holland declared war on England

Marquis de Lafayette

Thaddeus Kosciusko

Casimir Pulaski

Bernardo de Galvez

Friedrich von Steuben

Valley Forge


• disease and frostbite

Martha Washington


• Appalachian Mountains

• Lexington

• Louisville

George Rogers Clark


• Kaskaskia

• Cahokia


• blockaded

John Paul Jones - Father of U.S. Navy

Bonhomme Richard

vs.

English warship

Serapis

John Paul Jones

“I have not yet

begun to fight!”

Bonhomme Richard

• South

• Charleston– worst American

defeat______

Benedict Arnold

West Point

Francis Marion – the Swamp Fox

Nathanael Greene

• Guilford Courthouse

– bloody______

______Virginia

British GeneralCornwallis

surrenders atYorktown

Oct. 17, 1781


• France helped Americans win

John Adams Benjamin Franklin

John Jay Henry Laurens

Treaty of Paris

• Britain recognized U.S. as independent nation

• U.S. borders extended from Atlantic Ocean to Mississippi River

• Florida was returned to Spain

• Americans agreed to ask state legislatures to pay Loyalists for property they lost during the war


• April 15, 1783 Congress ratified Treaty of Paris


• farewell

• hero

American Revolution – Causes & Effects

CAUSES1. Proclamation of 1763 stops colonists from moving west.

2. Parliament taxes the colonies to pay British war debts.

3. Intolerable Acts set up harsh rule in Massachusetts.

EFFECTS1. Colonies declare independence.

2. Britain recognizes U.S. independence.

3. U.S. borders extend to Florida and to Mississippi River.

4. George Washington emerges as a leader.

unit 3 american revolution. section 1 – road to revolution

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