unit 2: painting the natural and historical places in the

UNIT 2: Painting the Natural and Historical Places

in the Philippines

Table of Contents Introduction 3

Review 4

Lesson 1: The Natural and Historical Places in the Philippines 5 Learning Targets 5 Warm-up 5 Learn about It! 6 Check Your Understanding 12 Hands-On 13 Hearts-On 14

Lesson 2: Unique Artistry in the Masterpieces of Famous Philippine Artists 15 Learning Targets 15 Warm-up 16 Learn about It! 17 Check Your Understanding 25 Hands-On 25 Hearts-On 27

Lesson 3: My Drawing of Philippine Natural Landscape 28 Learning Targets 28 Warm-up 28 Learn about It! 29 Check Your Understanding 35 Hands-On 36

1 Copyright © 2018 Quipper Limited

Hearts-On 38

Lesson 4: My Drawing of Philippine Man-Made Historical Landscape 39 Learning Targets 39 Warm-up 39 Learn about It! 40 Check Your Understanding 46 Hands-On 47 Hearts-On 49

Lesson 5: The Significance of the Famous Landscapes to the History of the Philippines 50 Learning Targets 50 Warm-up 50 Learn about It! 51 Check Your Understanding 59 Hands-On 60 Hearts-On 62

Did You Know? 62

Wrap Up 63

Self-Check 64

Bibliography 66

Glossary 71


GRADE 5

UNIT 2 Painting the Natural and Historical Places in the Philippines

Fig. 1. Philippine flag of Philippine map

Source: File:Philippines Aurora District locator map-fr.svg: Sémhur File:Flag of the Philippines.svg: Aira Cutamora derivative work Fry1989 22:55, 28 February 2011 (UTC), Flag map of the Philippines, CC BY-SA 3.0

Introduction The Philippines has so many scenic landscapes that are both natural and historical. These sites inspired many artists both local and foreign to create masterpieces. In this unit, we will reimagine the Philippine landscapes as well as the history of different significant places in the country.


https://lizenzhinweisgenerator.de/wiki/File:Philippines_Aurora_District_locator_map-fr.svg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:S%C3%A9mhur

https://lizenzhinweisgenerator.de/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Fry1989

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_map_of_the_Philippines.svg

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode

Review

In this unit, we will be painting the different natural and historic landscapes in the Philippines. Let us recall some of the terms that will help understand the succeeding lessons.

● A landscape is a feature of landforms integrated with human-made or natural attributes.

● The natural landscape is the original feature of landforms. ● Historic Landscape is an area historically used by humans. ● Cultural Landscape is a landform that combines human-made works and nature.


Lesson 1: The Natural and Historical Places in the Philippines There are many beautiful places in the Philippines. Some of them are recognized worldwide. We should do everything to conserve the natural and historical sites in the Philippines.

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to: ● identify the important natural and historical places in the community that have been

designated as a World Heritage Site; ● reimagine the UNESCO Heritage Sites in the Philippines through painting; and ● appreciate the beauty of the Philippines.

Warm-up

Word Puzzle Fill the blanks with letters to reveal the mystery words.


Learn about It! The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) selected six World Heritage Sites in the Philippines. They met the standards set by the institution and have an outstanding universal value. Let us study these Philippine treasures. Philippine Baroque Churches Scattered in different parts of the country, the Baroque churches in the Philippines are very majestic. They are architectural wonders. These heritage sites include the Church of San Agustín in Paoay, Ilocos Norte; Church of Santo Tomas de Villanueva in Miag-ao, Iloilo; Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur; and the Church of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustín in Intramuros, Manila. Built during the Spanish Occupation, they prove that western designs can be fused with local elements. This reinterpretation of Baroque style by Chinese and Filipino artisans was made as strongholds that can withstand earthquakes and storms. The churches show the influence of the Spanish colonizers to the beliefs of the Filipinos. They were known for their cultural and historical importance. Inscribed in 1993, the churches continue to serve as living proofs of undying Filipino faith.


Vigan Located in the northern part of Luzon is the cultural city of Vigan. Considered as one of the best-preserved sites in Asia, visiting it is like traveling in time. It features the looks and feels of being in a Spanish colony in the 16th century. Two hundred thirty-three well preserved European-style buildings were scattered on 25 streets. These treasures give a glimpse of how the Filipinos, Spaniards, and Chinese traded with each other during the colonial era. Inscribed in 1999, the rustic buildings and checkered streets are being preserved until this day.

Fig. 5.1.2. Vigan is considered as one of the best prreserved sites in Asia Source: Georgyishere, The Calle Crisologo in Vigan, Ilocos Sur, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Georgyishere

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Calle_Crisologo_in_Vigan,_Ilocos_Sur.jpg


Ifugao Rice Terraces In 1995, the Ifugao Rice Terraces from different towns in the Cordilleras were inscribed as World Heritage Sites. Carved from the mountain slopes more than 2000 years ago, they feature the creativity and ingenuity of early Filipinos. The ancient Ifugaos followed the outline of the mountains when they transformed them into rice fields using stones and mud. It is being preserved and maintained by the whole community. They withstand various natural disasters and threats of modernization. Each of the five inscribed clusters has its distinct characteristics. The terraces at Batad are semi-circular in shape with a community on the base while the terraces in Mayoyao are scattered with Ifugao houses and granaries. The Hungduan terraces look like spider webs while those in Bangaan serve as background to an Ifugao village. On the other hand, a river divides two ascending clusters of terraces in Nagacadan.

Fig. 5.1.3. Carved from the mountain slopes more than 2000 years ago, the Ifugao Rice Terraces feature the

creativity and ingenuity of early Filipinos Source:Giovanni G. Navata, Ifugao Rice Terraces, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Salbakulawmd

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ifugao_Rice_Terraces.jpg


Tubbataha Reef Located at the center of Sulu, the Tubbataha reef is a natural heritage site. With an area of 100,000 hectares, it is home for 500 species of fish and 350 species of corals. It is also a favorite spot for Christmas Island Frigatebird and sea birds. Inscribed in 1993, the Natural Park is an uninhabited area. The lagoons, two coral islands, and the pristine coral reef system with its perpendicular wall that measures 100 meters are all protected by the government.

Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park In 1999, Palawan’s Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park was inscribed as a natural heritage site. It has mountain-to-sea ecosystem and forest that is home for different faunas and floras. The 8.2 km underground river is filled with limestones and rock formations. Also known as one of the “New Seven Wonders of Nature,” the place is a popular tourist attraction. Though open to the public, the government ensures that it is well maintained, managed and preserved.

Fig. 5.1.4 Palawan’s Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park. Source: Mike Gonzalez, Puerto Princesa Underground River, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:TheCoffee

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Puerto_Princesa_Underground_River.jpg


Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary Towering high at 75 to 1,637m above sea level in Davao is the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary. It is a home for different plants and animals including the endemic and endangered species. Some notable residents of the place are Nepenthes, Philippine cockatoo, and the Philippine Eagle. The site is a recent addition to the World Heritage Sites which was only inscribed in 2014. Though new in the list, most of the trees in the area are more than 100 years old. Also, eight unique species can only be found in the sanctuary.

Fig. 5.1.5 Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary. Source: Kleomarlo, Mount Hamiguitan peak, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Kleomarlo

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Hamiguitan_peak.JPG


Check Your Understanding

A. Enumerate the UNESCO World Heritage SIte in the Philippine aside from the four baroque churches.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

B. Write true if the statement is correct, otherwise, write false.

1. The baroque churches listed as World Heritage Sites were erected after the Spanish colonization of the Philippines.

2. The Banaue Rice Terraces is part of the Unesco World Heritage Sites. 3. The Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park is part of the “New Seven

Wonders of Nature.” 4. As of 2018, the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary is the newest Philippine

World Heritage Site on the list. 5. The Philippine Eagle can be found in the Ifugao Rice Terraces.


Hands-On Reimagining Philippine Landscapes and Cultural Communities Through Painting

Reimagine the UNESCO World Heritage Sites from the Philippines. Paint a scene showcasing the beauty of the World Heritage Sites. You will be graded based on the rubric provided. Materials:

● cardboard/ illustration board ● pencil ● watercolor and paintbrush

CRITERIA

Apprentice (0-2 pts)

Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria

The artist used different straight and curved lines.

The artist used complementary colors.

The artist made good use of one-point perspective in a landscape drawing.

The artist showed harmony on the elements of the painting.

The artist created the painting through the right proportions of parts.

Content- Specific Criteria

The artwork depicts a specific UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Philippines.

The artwork presents the sites


in detail.

The artwork shows the beauty of the Philippines.

The artwork communicates a message to the viewer.

The artwork promotes the love of our country.

TOTAL

Key Guide Questions

1. Why did you choose the specific UNESCO World Heritage Site? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your painting? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What realizations did you have after finishing the activity?

Hearts-On Read the feelings and situations listed, and then reflect on your sense of patriotism and nationalism. Check the corresponding boxes for your answers.

Feelings / Situations I disagree. I agree. I strongly agree.

The UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the Philippines are treasures of the country.

The World Heritage Sites from the Philippines are beautiful and world class.

Filipinos should preserve World Heritage Sites.


Lesson 2: Unique Artistry in the Masterpieces of Famous Philippine Artists Filipinos are known all over the world because of their creativity and artistry. Surrounded by many beautiful sceneries and landscapes, they are always inspired to create artworks that wow the locals and even foreigners.

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to: ● distinguish the works of popular Filipino painters; ● paint landscapes inspired by the iconic artworks; ● realize that artists have different art styles in painting landscapes or significant places

in their respective provinces (A5EL-IIc); and ● appreciate the artistry of famous Filipino artists in painting different landscapes and

can describe what makes each artist’s masterpiece unique from others (A5PL-IId).


Warm-up Jigsaw Complete the Jigsaw Puzzle of a painting.

Source: "Magsasaka (Farmer) by Vincente Manansala" by Kandukuru Nagarjun is licensed under CC BY 2.0


https://www.flickr.com/photos/nagarjun/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0

Learn about It! Different Filipino artists have their styles in painting. They also have their own biases in selecting the subjects of their paintings but most of them create artworks inspired by the beauty and history of the country. Let us know more about some of the most famous painters and determine their unique artistry. Fabian Dela Rosa Born in Paco Manila on May 5, 1869, Fabian Cueto Dela Rosa is a natural born artist. Even before having a formal art training, he already created masterpieces. Fabian was a well-celebrated painter who can be compared with the greats Juan Luna and Felix Hidalgo. He held various exhibitions here and abroad.

Fig. 5.2.1 Fabian dela Rosa’s “Planting Rice” won a gold medal in 1904 at Saint Louis Exposition.


Dela Rosa was also a great teacher. He taught what he learned from Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid and Academie de Julien in Paris as a professor at the University of the Philippines. Years later, he became the director of UP School of Fine Arts where he worked with other master artists. Fabian loved to paint portraits and landscapes of everyday scenes. There were commonly women on them doing daily activities. Arguably, his most famous work is the “Planting Rice” which won a gold medal in 1904 at Saint Louis Exposition. Fernando Amorsolo Known as the “Grand Old Man of Philippine Art,” Fernando Amorsolo is the very first National Artist of the Philippines. Posthumously awarded, his family got his National Artist recognition from President Ferdinand Marcos four days after his death. His unique technique and artistry made him a “Master of Filipino Visual Arts.” Another famous artist taught Amorsolo. Don Fabian Dela Rosa made him his apprentice and guided him in his young career. He pursued his dreams and studied arts in Art School of Liceo, Manila, then at the University of the Philippines and eventually at Academia de San Fernando in Madrid Spain.

Fig. 5.2.2 .

Source: Fernando Amorsolo, Fishing Scene, 1942


Fernando won various competitions and held exhibits in the Philippines and the rest of the world since his style was so unique. Also, he loved drawing Philippine landscapes using his mastery in using light to create masterpieces. Instead of producing copies of his trademark themes, he recreated them using the method of element variation. Almost nothing could stop the genius of Fernando Amorsolo from painting. In fact, after being slowed down by cataract, he immediately painted after his successful surgery. There was also a time in his life where he could finish ten paintings in a month. Carlos “Botong” Francisco Another notable National Artist is Botong Francisco who was proclaimed in 1973. Raised in Angono, Rizal, he was one of the modernist triumvirates who deviated from the style of the great Amorsolo. Together with Edades and Ocampo, they brought new ideas in visual expression.

Fig. 5.2.3.

Source: Carlos Francisco, Filipino Struggles Through History, 1963 Francisco was fond of drawing familiar Filipino environment, customs, and traditions. He also incorporated myths and legends on some of his paintings by bringing images of women


based on the model of Maria Makiling and Urduja. His works feature decorative patterns, flowing lines and folk colors. Carlos Francisco painted numerous murals and paintings. Among the most popular are the “Kaingin” in 1948 which won first prize in national art exhibition of the Art Association of the Philippines; the mural in the Bulwagang Katipunan of the Manila City Hall titled “Filipino Struggles through History”; and the Life and Miracles of St Dominic at Santo Domingo Church in 1954. Vicente Manansala A prominent member of the thirteen modernists, National Artist Vicente Manansala, is a great painter. Started from designing kits when he was young, he studied in the University of the Philippines School of Fine Arts. He also took courses in Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Montreal, Canada as well in the United States. The great Ferdinand Leger in France also mentored him.

Fig. 5.2.4 Vicente Manasala’s paintings were featured on the stamps in 2010 in celebration of his 100th birthday. Most of Manansala's artworks are figurative paintings. His subject was more on the postwar experience in urban areas. He was not afraid to show the poverty in the Philippines on his


works. His artistry inspired artists such as Mauro Malang Santos, Antonio Austria, Mario Parial, Angelito Antonio and Manuel BaIdemor. Vicente Manansala's wide range of works includes the Madonna of the Slums in 1950; Barong-barong in 1950; and Give us This Day in 1962. Jose Blanco Muralist Jose Blanco is a folk artist. Also known as "Pitok Bunggan," he came from the Art Capital of the Philippines. Most of his works were about his hometown, Angono Rizal; its scenic landscapes, festivities, and even tragedies. The folk realism style of Blanco is evident in his works. He was known for his “Pag-Ahon ng Pagoda” which was acquired in 1970 by the Rockefeller Foundation of New York. After his death, his family, including his wife continued his legacy of painting beautiful artworks.

Victorio Edades National Artist Victorio Edades was a member of the modernist triumvirate and was one of the thirteen moderns in the Philippine Art History. Schooled abroad specifically in the University of Washington, he wanted to change the course of art in the country upon his return. The very vocal artist made it to the headlines when he defended modern arts from conservatives.


For Edades, an artist should discover both his vision and Filipino identity. Arts should be related to the identification of the country. Because of these, he got different awards such as the Pro Patria Award and the Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan award. He was proclaimed as National Artist in 1976. His famous works include “The Sketch,” and “The Builders” in 1928.

Fig. 5.2.5

Source: Victorio Edades, The Builders, 1928 Juan Arellano Architect Juan Arellano has his share of great paintings. In fact, the designer of the famous Metropolitan Theatre, Manila Post Office and the Jones Bridge was one of the first modernist painters in the country. Studied in Beaux-Arts School of New York, University of Pennsylvania and the Drexel Institute in Philadelphia he used what he learned on his artworks. Arellano’s expertise in architecture was seen in the different landscape paintings he created. His artworks such as “Rome,” “Basilica Constantino, Roma,” and “A Venetian Bridge” proved his inclination in drawing of buildings. He also painted different portraits such as “Gloria,” “Juanita,” “Family Portrait,” and “Self-portrait.”


Prudencio Lamarroza Known for his works with vivid colors, Prudencio Villamor Lamarroza was a protege of Victorio Edades, Diosdado Lorenzo, Angelito Antonio, and Glory Crumb-Rogers. He used colors in expressing himself and continued to evolve with time. Lamarroza studied fine arts at the University of Sto Tomas and Philippine Women’s University. HIs works include the “Red Arrows’,” “Pristine Pools of Azure and Sapphire,” and “Golden Horizons.”


Manuel Baldemor Manuel Baldemor is a painter, writer, sculptor, and illustrator. Known for using Christmas colors in his paintings, he designed the UNICEF’s Christmas cards for eighteen years. A student of Vicente Manansala, he strived hard to create a name for himself. He is a national pride and treasure.



A. Match the artist on Column I on their artwork on Column II.

I II

1. Victorio Edades a. Basilica Constantino, Roma 2. Vicente Manansala b. Planting Rice 3. Fernando Amorsolo c. Rice Planting 4. Fabian Dela Rosa d. Barong-barong 5. Juan Arellano e. The Sketch

B. Write true if the statement is correct, otherwise, write false. 1. The triumvirate of Edades, Francisco, and Ocampo deviated from the styles of

Amorsolo. 2. Fabian Dela Rosa is a National Artist. 3. Jose Blanco is also known as Pitok Bunggan. 4. Fernando Amorsolo created exact copies of his works. 5. Vicente Manansala inspired Manuel Baldemor.

Hands-On

My Reimagined Version of a Popular Painting

Show appreciation on the works of popular Filipino artists. Reimagine any of the discussed works and paint them on an illustration board. You will be graded based on the rubric below. Materials:

● cardboard/ illustration board ● pencil


● watercolor ● paintbrush

CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria



The artist made good use of one-point perspective in landscape drawing.




The artwork depicts a specific work of a popular Filipino artist.

The artwork presents the original work in details.

The artwork shows the unique style of the original artist.



TOTAL


Key Guide Questions 1. Why did you choose the specific artwork? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your painting? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What realizations did you have after finishing the activity?



The Filipino artists have their own unique styles

The Filipino artists are world class.

Filipinos should be proud of their own pool of artists.


Lesson 3: My Drawing of Philippine Natural Landscape Different natural landscapes in the Philippines inspire artists to create works. Their beauty stimulates the senses and releases the creative juices of the artisans. Let us find out some of the famous natural scenery in the country.

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to: ● identify natural features of the places visited or seen on pictures (A5EL-IIb).; ● sketches and uses complementary colors in painting a landscape (A5PL-IIe); and ● appreciate the beauty of different natural landscapes.

Warm-up

Piliin mo ang Pilipinas

Watch the El Gamma Penumbra’s interpretation of the song “Piliin mo ang Pilipinas” in Youtube. Name the different tourist spots featured in the video.


Learn about It! The seven thousand six hundred forty-one islands of the Philippines offer a variety of landscapes and seascapes that can be subjects of any artwork. Many local and foreign artists reimagined them on their artistic works.

Chocolate Hills

One of the flagship tourist destinations in the Philippines is the Chocolate Hills in Bohol. Scattered on 50 square kilometers of land are hills which are more than 1, 260 in number. They change color depending on the season. During the rainy days, they are green while in summer they turn into brown resembling chocolate kisses.

The government protected area is on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It was also nominated to be included on the list of New Seven Wonders of the World. Due to its unique beauty, scientific value and special characteristics, on June 18, 1988, it was awarded National Geological Monument by The Committee on Geological Sciences. The hills, as well as the Tarsiers, are indeed the Boholano’s pride.

Fig. 5.3.1 The Chocolate Hills in Bohol are scattered on 50 square kilometers of land and are more than 1, 260 in number.

Source: P199, Chocolate Hills overview, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:P199

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chocolate_Hills_overview.JPG


Mayon Volcano

Situated in the province of Albay is the Mount Mayon. Known for its perfect cone shape, it is a major tourist attraction in the Bicol Region. The 5, 775.7 hectares of mountainous lands was declared as a national park and was known to be The Mayon Volcano Natural Park in the year 2000.

The volcano is a sight to behold. Aside from its perfect symmetry, it also boasts of its many wonderful sceneries. The base’s circumference is 40 miles while its height is 2, 462 meters. It is perfect for hikes and ATV tours.

The people of Albay believe in a myth about Mount Mayon's creation. They say that once there were star crossed lovers named Magayon and Pangaronon or Ulap. In the twists and turns of events that includes Pangaronon’s rival to his sweetheart’s love, Pagtuga, the couple died in each other’s arms. Magayon’s father, Makusog buried the lovers together. Years passed, and their burial site starts to rise. It grew very tall and became the Mount Mayon. Whenever the volcano erupts, it means Magayon is being annoyed by Pagtuga. If it is calm, she is being embraced by Pangaronon. They also kiss when the mountain touches the clouds.

Fig. 5.3.2 Known for its perfect cone shape, the Mayon Volcano is a major tourist attraction in the Bicol Region. Source:Dexbaldon, Mt. Mayon aerial photo, CC BY-SA 4.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Dexbaldon

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mt._Mayon_aerial_photo.jpg


Mount Apo

One of the most sought after climbing destination in Southeast Asia is Mount Apo. Its name means “Grandfather,” which it got being the tallest mountain in the Philippines. Standing in 9692 feet above sea level, the usual duration of the climb to its peak lasts up to three days.

Apo is an active volcano, though there is no report of its history. It has three peaks and craters. It supplies water to neighboring towns as well as electricity through its geothermal energy. It was declared as a protected area in 2003 through Republic Act 9237.

Mount Apo has a rich biodiversity. It is the home of Philippine Eagle together with other 272 species of birds, 111 of which are endemic. It is also considered sacred by the tribes who inhabited it such as the Klata, Bagobos, and Manobos.

Fig. 5.3.3 Mount Apo’s name means “Grandfather,” which it got being the tallest mountain in the Philippines. Source: Bro. Jeffrey Pioquinto, SJ, The Ring of Mt. Apo, CC BY 2.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Ring_of_Mt._Apo.jpg

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode

Taal Volcano

Known as the “lowest Volcano in the World," the Taal Volcano is only 311 meters tall and situated on an island within a lake which is on another island. Made with multiple craters and cones, it features four maars, five cinder cones, and 26 tuff cones. It is the main attraction whenever tourists visit Tagaytay.

The Taal Volcano is one of the most active and deadliest volcanoes in the country. Since 1572, it erupted six times which caused tsunamis, pyroclastic flows and death to people residing in the area. During its one of the worst eruptions in 1911, it released ashes that reached Manila and claimed 1334 lives.

Fig. 5.3.4 Known as the “lowest Volcano in the World," the Taal Volcano is only 311 meters tall and situated on an island within a lake which is on another island.

Source: Yla Corotan, Taal Volcano view from Tagaytay, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Yla_Corotan

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Taal_Volcano_view_from_Tagaytay.jpg


Boracay

The island of Boracay is famous all over the world. With its fine white sand, coral reefs, scenic landscapes, and seascapes, it draws thousands of local and international tourists. In 2012, the Travel + Leisure international magazine named it as the best island in the world.

Located in Aklan, the island is 345 kilometers south of Manila. This paradise serves as a home to small cultural communities namely Yapak, Manoc-Manoc, and Balabag. In an effort to preserve its beauty and to give the island a breather from guests, it closed off from tourists for months in 2018. Until this day, the government continues to protect this natural treasure.

Fig. 5.3.5 In 2012, the Travel + Leisure international magazine named Boracay as the best island in the world.



A. Enumeration.

What are the three tribes that inhabited the Mount Apo?

1.

2.

3.

Who are the star crossed lovers in the myth of Mount Mayon?

4.

5.


1. Mount Apo is a dormant volcano. 2. Taal is the lowest volcano in the world. 3. The Chocolate Hills is listed as a World Heritage Site. 4. Boracay is named as the best island in the world. 5. Mayon Volcano has a perfect cone shape.


Hands-On

My Painting of Philippine Natural Landscape

Show appreciation on the Philippine Natural Landscapes. Think of other natural tourist spots in the country paint them on an illustration board. You will be graded based on the rubric below. Materials:

● cardboard/ illustration board ● pencil ● watercolor ● paintbrush

CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria



The artist made good use of one-point perspective in landscape drawing.



Content- Specific

The artwork depicts a specific natural landscape in the


Criteria Philippines.

The artwork presents the natural spot in details.

The artwork shows the beauty of the Philippines.



TOTAL

Key Guide Questions

1. Why did you choose the specific natural landscape? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your painting? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What realizations did you have after finishing the activity?


Hearts-On

Read the feelings and situations listed, and then reflect on your sense of patriotism and nationalism. Check the corresponding boxes for your answers.


The Philippine natural landscapes are beautiful.

Philippine natural landscapes inspired many artists to create artworks.

Filipinos should preserve the Philippine natural landscapes for they are true national treasures.

38

Copyright © 2018 Quipper Limited

Lesson 4: My Drawing of Philippine Man-Made Historical Landscape If buildings can only speak, they will tell the Filipinos of their rich history. They witnessed historical events that made our country what it is. Let us study some of these historical sites and now how they inspired artists to create works of art.

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to: ● describe the architectural features of the places visited or seen on pictures; ● utilizes skills and knowledge about foreground, middle ground, and background to

emphasize depth in painting a landscape; and ● appreciates the importance of historical landscapes.

Warm-up

Timeline of Philippine History Review the history of the country. Create a timeline of significant events from the discovery of the Philippines until the People Power II.


Learn about It! History affects arts as arts affect history. The colorful traditions and all the stories, both good and bad in historic places, were the subjects of some wonderful artworks. Intramuros The walled city of Intramuros witnessed many events in Philippine history. Once the military, religious and political center during the Spanish Era, it was surrounded with walls made of large rocks and fortifications to protect it from invaders. The historic place houses different landmarks such as the Manila Cathedral, San Agustin Church, Fort Santiago, Baluarte de San Diego, Casa Manila, Bahay Tsinoy and Manila Bulletin Office. It is also the address of educational institutions such as the Collegio de San Juan de Letran, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Mapua Institute of Technology, PNTC Colleges, Colegio de Sta. Rosa and Pamantasang Lungsod ng Maynila. The weathered cobblestone roads also lead tourists to different parks and plazas in the area. The walled city is a survivor. Built in 1607, it withstands different disasters, the most destructive of which is World War II. Parts of the walled city were heavily destroyed. It was then restored during the Marcos administration.

Fig. 5.4.1The walled city of Intramuros witnessed many events in Philippine history.


Manila Cathedral Inside the walls of Intramuros is the Manila Cathedral. The church is the seat of power of Catholicism in Manila. Several popes celebrated the Christian masses inside the church which includes Blessed Paul VI in 1970, Saint John Paul II in 1981 and Pope Francis in 2015. First built as a simple parish in 1571 with bamboo and nipa, it underwent various renovations and restorations. As it was proclaimed as a cathedral by Bishop Domingo Salazar in 1581, it was reconstructed with nipa, bamboo, and wood. Juan de Uguccioni redesigned the church in 1751 and used a baroque-inspired architecture which was ruined by an earthquake. In 1858, Nicolas Valdes transformed it into a Neoclassic structure which was also destroyed by another earthquake. Don Vicente Serrano y Salaverri made the current design based on Romanesque-Byzantine style in 1879. In 1981, it was elevated to Minor Basilica by St John Paul II. Also known as the Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica, it is the final resting place of former Manila archbishops. It also holds sacred relics of popes and saints. Different religious artworks can also be seen all over the place.

Fig. 5.4.2 Manila Cathedral is the seat of power of Catholicism in Manila.


Rizal Shrine in Dapitan

After being accused of plotting a rebellion, Jose Rizal was exiled to Dapitan in Zamboanga Del Norte. The 16-hectare land was bought by the national hero from the money he won from the lottery. For four years it served as his home where he helped the Dapitanons. Instead of wallowing in self-pity, Rizal lived a productive life in Dapitan. There, he became a farmer, teacher, architect, environmentalist, poet, sculptor, painter, biologist, ophthalmologist, and physician. In fact, this is the place where Rizal met his wife, Josephine Bracken. He endeared himself to the locals and helped them in so many ways. Now a government protected the landscape, and the Rizal Shrine has different attractions. The hero’s house, the Casa Cuadrada, can be visited as well as the Mi Retiro Rock where his poem was written. There is also the Casa Redonda or dormitory and a chicken house called Casa Redonda Pequena. The aqueduct that Jose Rizal built is also there.

Fig. 5.4.3 Jose Rizal was exiled to Dapitan in Zamboanga Del Norte.

Source: Ric Canizares, Jose Rizal Shrine, Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Rcanizares

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jose_Rizal_Shrine,_Dapitan,_Zamboanga_del_Norte.JPG


Malacañang Palace The official residence of the Philippine presidents was erected in 1750. Formerly owned by Don Luis Rocha, it is strategically located at the heart of Manila and with access to the Pasig River. In 1825, the house was bought by the state and made it a temporary home for chief representatives, then eventually their official residence. From then it housed 18 Spanish Governors-General as well as 14 American Governors. It became the official seat of power of the Philippine Presidents except for Emilio Aguinaldo. The complex includes three main buildings which are used for entertainment, assemblies, rest house, and social activities. There are also different halls such as the Reception Hall, Heroes Hall, and Entrance Hall. It also features gardens, retreat house, library, and museum.

Fig. 5.4.4 The official residence of the Philippine presidents, Malacañang was erected in 1750.


Binondo A long-time friend and trading partner are the Chinese. Established in 1594, the World’s Oldest Chinatown is in Binondo, Manila. Here Filipino and Chinese live in harmony. Around Binondo are different restaurants that offer authentic Chinese delicacies. One can buy almost anything in various shops in the area. There are also pharmacies that sell traditional herbs and medicines. Lucky charms can also be found everywhere.

Fig. 5.4.5 Binondo is an important place both for Filipinos and Chinese.

Parish of Balangiga The controversial Balangiga Bells were originally installed in the parish in Borongan, Samar. During the attack of the Americans on September 28, 1901, it was used to warn the Filipinos. As a result, 48 American soldiers died. To retaliate the Balangiga Massacre happened, the Americans burned the whole town and killed those who are over ten years old. They also took the bells as booty. Efforts were exerted by different parties to bring back the bells to the Philippines. The Senate, as well as the Diocese of Borongan, appealed for their return. In 2003, National Artist


Napoleon Abueva created a shrine to remind the people of the historic event. Finally, in 2018, the bells were brought back to its rightful home.

Fig. 5.4.6 The controversial Balangiga Bells were originally installed in the parish in Borongan, Samar.

Source: Jojit Ballesteros, Balangiga Church at night, CC BY-SA 4.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jojit_fb

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Balangiga_Church_at_night.JPG



A. Enumeration: Aside from the PNTC Colleges, what are the colleges inside Intramuros? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.



1. Intramuros was the center of power during the Hispanic period. 2. Malacanang was built to be the residence of the Philippine Presidents. 3. The Chinatown in Binondo is the oldest in the world. 4. During his exile, Jose Rizal lived a productive life in Dapitan. 5. The Americans made the Balangiga Bells.

Hands-On

My Painting of Historic Landscapes

Show appreciation on the historic landscapes of the Philippines. Reimagine any of the discussed historical sites and paint them on an illustration board. You will be graded based on the rubric below. Materials:


CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria



The artist made good use of one-point perspective in


landscape drawing.




The artwork depicts a specific historic site in the Philippines.

The artwork presents the historic site in details.

The artwork shows the beauty of the Philippine historic site.



TOTAL

Key Guide Questions

1. Why did you choose the specific historic site? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your painting? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What realizations did you have after finishing the activity?


Hearts-On

Read the feelings and situations listed, and then reflect on your sense of patriotism and nationalism. Check the corresponding boxes for your answers.


The Philippines has beautiful historic sites.

The Philippine historic sites are worth studying.

The historic sites of the country are Philippine treasures.


Lesson 5: The Significance of the Famous Landscapes to the History of the Philippines There are landscapes in the country that played major roles in history. These places changed the story of the Filipino people. Let us learn more about them.

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to: ● identify and discuss the details of the landscape significant to the history of the

country; ● reimagine significant landscapes through painting; and ● realize the importance of some landscapes to the Philippine heritage.

Warm-up

A Tableau of Famous Philippine Festivals

Divided into groups, the learners will form tableaus of different significant events in Philippine History. Suggested events are:

1. Declaration of Philippine Independence 2. EDSA People Power 1 3. Rizal’s Execution 4. Lapu-Lapu’s victory over Magellan 5. Bataan Death March


Learn about It! Significant events in Philippine history took place on monumental landmarks. These places witnessed the ups and downs of the Filipino people. They serve as reminders to everyone of the lessons of the past. Sheikh Karim ul-Makhdum Mosque Before the Spaniards colonized the country, the Muslims already established their religion in the Philippines. More than 600 years ago, Islam was promulgated especially in the south. Sheikh Karim ul-Makhdum introduced his faith to the people of Simunul Island in 1380. They welcomed the missionary as well as his new belief. Eventually, he built the country’s first and oldest mosque with a coconut-thatched roof. The four pillars of the mosque still stand inside the new structure. People say that many tried to cut these foundations, but they cannot be moved. Ax marks can be seen on each one of them. In 1965, Former President Ferdinand Marcos erected a historical marker on the mosque’s wall proving its significance to the Philippine history. This Natural Cultural Treasure proves the rich culture of Muslim Filipinos. The remains of Sheikh Karim ul-Makhdum was buried just meters away from the structure.


Fig. 5.5.1 The historical marker in the mosque states that Sheikh Karim ul-Makhdum introduced his faith to the

people of Simunul Island in 1380 and built the country’s first and oldest mosque with coconut-thatched roof.


Magellan’s Cross

In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan erected a cross in the City of Cebu. The event signifies the birth of Christianity in the Philippines. Though he was considered as an enemy of the early Filipinos, he brought Catholicism which is still considered the dominant religion in the country. The original cross was believed to heal people from sickness, and so to preserve it, the officials enclosed it into a larger tindalo wooden cross. It is located in an octagonal kiosk just in front of the city hall. Today, it is considered as one of the top tourist attractions in Cebu.

Fig. 5.5.2 The painting on the ceiling of the kiosk that encloses the Magellan’s Cross show the birth of Catholicism

in the Philippines. Source: Carlo Joseph Moskito, Magellan's Cross in Cebu City 01, CC BY-SA 4.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Carlojoseph14

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Magellan's_Cross_in_Cebu_City_01.jpg


Luneta Park

One of the most significant sites in the country is the Luneta Park. It is the place of execution of the Philippines’ most national popular hero, Jose Rizal, who was sentenced to death by the Spanish government for his revolutionary ideas. His death sparked the revolution. Formerly known as Bagumbayan, it is renamed as Rizal Park in honor of the fallen genius.

Fig. 5.5.3 Carlos “Botong” Francisco’s Fuego reimagines the execution of Jose Rizal.

Source: "Painting of José Rizal being executed by a squad of Filipino soldiers of the Spanish Army" by Jorge Láscar is licensed under CC BY 2.0

Situated in the center of Manila, Luneta also serves as Manila Kilometer Zero. Aside from the monument of Jose Rizal, it also features the tallest flagpole in the country, the Independence Flagpole which is 46 meters tall.

Fig. 5.5.4 One of the most significant sites in the country is the Luneta Park.

Source: H.abanil, Luneta Rizal Monument, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://www.flickr.com/photos/jlascar/17293499181

https://www.flickr.com/photos/jlascar/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:H.abanil

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Luneta_Rizal_Monument.jpg


Aguinaldo Ancestral House The iconic ancestral house of Emilio Aguinaldo was the perfect backdrop for the declaration of independence in 1898. The front window of 4,864 square meter mansion was the venue when the Philippine Flag was unfurled for the first time. Filipinos gathered in front of it as they witness one of the most significant events of the country. Located in one of Cavite’s main roads, the Aguinaldo mansion is a mixture of Romanesque, Malayan and Baroque architecture. It has a swimming pool, bowling alley, a grand salon, and a limousine. Considered as one of the tallest buildings in the area, it has a tower that has a 360-degree view of the town. Nowadays, it features a museum where one can see the prized possessions of the former president as well as artifacts that present the country’s history.

Fig. 5.5.5 The iconic ancestral house of Emilio Aguinaldo was the perfect backdrop for the declaration of

independence in 1898. Source: Ranieljose, Aguinaldo Shrine at Kawit, Cavite, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Ranieljose

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aguinaldo_Shrine_at_Kawit,_Cavite.jpg


Barasoain Church

One of the most historic churches in the Philippines is the Barasoain Church in Bulacan. Currently known as the Our Lady of Mount Carmel Parish, it is where the Malolos Constitution was drafted from September 29, 1898 to January 21, 1899. It was also the place where the First Philippine Congress assembled on September 15, 1898, and the place where the First Republic started on January 23, 1899. Built by Augustinian missionaries in 1859, the church was also chosen to be the place of inauguration of two former presidents. Emilio Aguinaldo took his oath as the President of the Republic on January 23, 1899. Joseph Ejercito Estrada was inaugurated in the same venue on June 30, 1998. The church is a tourist destination. Its beauty was featured in the old 10-peso bill. The exterior of the building features medieval bell tower, rose windows and curved facade. The interior was ornamented with paintings and floral motifs.

Fig. 5.5.6 One of the most historic churches in the Philippines is the Barasoain Church in Bulacan.


EDSA Shrine

In the heart of the major thoroughfare in Metro Manila is a historic place that ousted two presidents who were both replaced by women. In the middle of the noisy cities, the EDSA Shrine witnessed how Filipinos peacefully fought for democracy and good governance. There were no blood nor casualty. This inspired countries around the world to do the same.

The first People Power Revolution happened in 1986. Two million people rallied for the ouster of Ferdinand Marcos. The dictator's regime eventually ended and a housewife, Cory Aquino, became the very first Asian female president who restored democracy in the country.

In January 2001, another president, Joseph Ejercito Estrada was overthrown from power. Dissatisfied with the turn of events during the leader’s impeachment trial, people gathered once again in EDSA to demonstrate their power. After a few days of mass actions, Erap stepped down, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo became the Philippines’ second female president.

In honor of Mother Mary who was believed to be the reason behind the success of the first EDSA People Power Revolution, the Shrine of Mary, Queen of Peace or Our Lady of EDSA was built in 1989. Located in the corner of EDSA and Ortigas Avenue, the shrine is the venue of the anniversary celebrations of the first EDSA Revolution.

Fig. 5.5.7 In the heart of the major thoroughfare in Metro Manila is a historic place that ousted two presidents

who were both replaced by women. Source: Denjinman, EDSA Shrine, CC BY-SA 3.0


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Denjinman

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EDSA_Shrine.jpg



A. Enumeration: What are the momentous events that happened in Barasoain Church? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.


1. A Filipina became the first female president in Asia. 2. Islam was already practiced in the Philippines before the Spaniards introduced

Catholicism. 3. The Magellan’s Cross proves the influence of the Spaniards to the Filipino faith. 4. The Shrine of Mary, Queen of Peace was already erected before the first People

Power Revolution. 5. The Sheikh Karim ul-Makhdum Mosque kept its original design.


Hands-On

My Painting of Significant Landscapes in the Philippine History

Show appreciation of the significant historic landscapes in the country. Reimagine any of the discussed historical sites and paint them on an illustration board. You will be graded based on the rubric below. Materials:


CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria



The artist made good use of one-point perspective in landscape drawing

The artist showed harmony on the elements of the painting

The artist created the painting through the right proportions of parts

Content- The artwork depicts a specific


Specific Criteria

significant historic site in the Philippines.

The artwork presents a significant historic site in detail.

The artwork shows the beauty of the Philippine significant historic site.



TOTAL

Key Guide Questions 1. Why did you choose the specific historic site? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your painting? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What realizations did you have after finishing the activity?




Some historic landscapes in the Philippines changed the course of history.

The significant historic landscapes in the Philippines should be preserved.

The significant historic landscapes make me proud to be a Filipino.

Did You Know?

The current Rizal monument in Luneta was just a second placer in a competition in which the winning artwork will be erected as a tribute to the fallen hero. The design of “Al Martir de Bagumbayan” by Carlo Nicoli won. In the turn of events, the second placer, “Motto Stella” of Richard Kissling got the contract to be built in Luneta.


Wrap Up


Self-Check

Skills

I CANNOT

I ALMOST CAN

I CAN

I can identify the importance of natural and historical places in the community that have been designated as a World Heritage Site.

I can identify and describe the architectural or natural features of the places visited or seen on pictures.

I can realize that artists have different art styles in painting landscapes or significant places in their respective provinces.

I can appreciate the artistry of famous Filipino artists in painting different landscapes and can describe what makes each artist’s masterpiece unique from others.

I can sketch and use complementary colors in painting a landscape.

I can utilize skills and knowledge about foreground, middle ground, and background to emphasize depth in painting a landscape.

I can identify and discuss the details of the landscape significant to the history of the country.


I am good at ________________________

because ______________________________

I am planning to ______________________________

1.

2.

3.

I need to improve on ______________________________

because ______________________________

I am planning to ______________________________

1.

2.

3.


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https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/652

UNESCO World Heritage Centre. n.d. “Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras.” UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Accessed March 1, 2019. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/722/. Vigattin Tourism. 2014. “Five Surprising Facts about the Rizal Monument in Luneta Park.” Vigattin Tourism (ARTICLES) - Philippines. October 15, 2014. https://www.vigattintourism.com/tourism/articles/Five-Surprising-Facts-about-the-Rizal-Monument-in-Luneta-Park. VolcanoDiscovery. n.d. “Apo.” VolcanoDiscovery: Volcanoes Worldwide - News, Info, Photos, and Tours to Volcanoes and Volcanic Areas, Earthquake Information / VolcanoDiscovery. Accessed March 1, 2019. https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/apo.html. VolcanoDiscovery. n.d. “Taal.” VolcanoDiscovery: Volcanoes Worldwide - News, Info, Photos, and Tours to Volcanoes and Volcanic Areas, Earthquake Information / VolcanoDiscovery. Accessed March 1, 2019. https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/taal.html. World Landforms. n.d. “Taal Volcano.” World Landforms. Accessed March 1, 2019. http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/taal-volcano/. Zulueta, Lito. 2008. “Jose Blanco, Angono Folk Muralist, Dies; 76 .” Www.askart.com. Philippine Daily Inquirer. August 15, 2008. http://www.askart.com/artist_bio/Jose_Blanco/11231855/Jose_Blanco.aspx.


https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/722/

https://www.vigattintourism.com/tourism/articles/Five-Surprising-Facts-about-the-Rizal-Monument-in-Luneta-Park

https://www.vigattintourism.com/tourism/articles/Five-Surprising-Facts-about-the-Rizal-Monument-in-Luneta-Park

https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/apo.html

https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/taal.html

http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/taal-volcano/

http://www.askart.com/artist_bio/Jose_Blanco/11231855/Jose_Blanco.aspx

Glossary

Baroque is an architectural style that is heavily decorated. Heritage is valued inherited things from the past. National Artist is the highest recognition the government of the Philippines can give to an artist. Pacific Ring of Fire is in the Pacific where most earthquakes and volcanic eruptions happen. A reef is a ridge of corals below the sea. Subterranean is concealed under the land. A shrine is a holy place.


unit 2: painting the natural and historical places in the

Documents