unit 2 “cells & viruses” vocabulary review 22 words
TRANSCRIPT
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Unit 2“Cells & Viruses”
Vocabulary Review22 Words
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Double-membrane organelle that
captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy
through photosynthesis.
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ChloroplastDouble-membrane
organelle that captures light energy
and converts it to chemical energy
through photosynthesis.
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A solution that has a lower concentration of solute outside than inside the cell, causing water to flow into the cell by
osmosis.
* Swell or Explode*
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HypotonicA solution that has a lower
concentration of solute outside than inside the cell, causing water to flow into the cell by
osmosis.
* Swell or Explode*
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In eukaryotic cells, the central membrane-
bound organelle that manages cellular
functions and contains DNA.
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NucleusIn eukaryotic cells, the
central membrane-bound organelle that
manages cellular functions and contains DNA.
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Regulation of an organism’s internal
environment to maintain conditions
needed for life.
* Stable/balanced*
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Homeostasis
Regulation of an organism’s internal
environment to maintain conditions
needed for life.
* Stable/balanced*
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Highly folded membrane system in eukaryotic
cells that is the site for protein and lipid
synthesis and transports substances throughout
cell.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
Highly folded membrane system in eukaryotic
cells that is the site for protein and lipid
synthesis and transports substances throughout
cell.
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Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane.
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OsmosisDiffusion of water
across a selectively permeable membrane.
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Membrane-bound vesicle for temporary storage of materials
such as food, enzymes, and waste.
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VacuoleMembrane-bound
vesicle for temporary storage of materials
such as food, enzymes, and waste.
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Energy-requiring process by which substances
move across the plasma membrane against a
concentration gradient.
* Walking up a hill*
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Active Transport
Energy-requiring process by which substances
move across the plasma membrane against a
concentration gradient.
* Walking up a hill*
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Manufactures proteins.
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Ribosome
Manufactures proteins.
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Flexible, selectively permeable
boundary that helps control what enters and leaves
the cell.
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Plasma (Cell) Membrane
Flexible, selectively permeable
boundary that helps control what enters and leaves
the cell.
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In plants, (& bacteria & fungi) the rigid barrier that
surrounds the outside of the cell membrane, is made
of cellulose (chitin), and provides support and protection to the cell.
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Cell WallIn plants, (& bacteria & fungi)
the rigid barrier that surrounds the outside of
the cell membrane, is made of cellulose (chitin), and
provides support and protection to the cell.
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Net movement of particles from an
area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
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DiffusionNet movement of particles from an
area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
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Flattened stack of tubular membranes that
modifies, sorts, and packages proteins into vesicles and transports
them to other organelles or out of the cell.
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Golgi Apparatus
Flattened stack of tubular membranes that
modifies, sorts, and packages proteins into vesicles and transports
them to other organelles or out of the cell.
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Passive transport of ions and small molecules across the plasma
(cell) membrane by transport proteins.
*No Energy*
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Facilitated Diffusion
Passive transport of ions and small molecules across the plasma
(cell) membrane by transport proteins.
*No Energy*
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Organism with a nucleus and organelles
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EukaryoteOrganism with a
nucleus and organelles
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A solution with the same concentration of water and solutes as inside a cell, resulting in the cell
retaining its normal shape because there is
no net movement of water.
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IsotonicA solution with the same
concentration of water and solutes as inside a cell, resulting in the cell
retaining its normal shape because there is
no net movement of water.
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Membrane-bound organelle that
converts fuel (food) into energy (ATP) that is available to the rest
of the cell.
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MitochondriaMembrane-bound
organelle that converts fuel (food)
into energy (ATP) that is available to the rest
of the cell.
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A solution that has a higher concentration of solute outside than inside a cell, causing
water to leave the cell by osmosis.
* Shrivel or Shrink*
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HypertonicA solution that has a higher concentration of solute outside than inside a cell, causing
water to leave the cell by osmosis.
* Shrivel or Shrink*
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Vesicle that uses enzymes to digest excess or worn-out cellular substance
and food.
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LysosomeVesicle that uses enzymes to digest excess or worn-out cellular substance
and food.
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Nonliving strand of genetic material that cannot
replicate on its own, has a nucleic acid core, a protein coat, and can invade cells and alter
cellular function.
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VirusNonliving strand of genetic
material that cannot replicate on its own, has
a nucleic acid core, a protein coat, and can invade cells and alter
cellular function.
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Microscopic, unicellular organism without a nucleus or
other membrane-bound organelles.
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ProkaryoteMicroscopic,
unicellular organism without a nucleus or
other membrane-bound organelles.
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Outer protein layer/coat that surrounds the
genetic material of a virus.
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CapsidOuter protein layer/coat that surrounds the
genetic material of a virus.
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The End