unit 11: solutions day 3 – solubility curves. objectives 1. i can define solubility, unsaturated,...
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ObjectivesObjectives
1. I can define solubility, 1. I can define solubility, unsaturated, saturated and and unsaturated, saturated and and supersaturated and determine if a supersaturated and determine if a solution either of the above by solution either of the above by writing the definitions and reading a writing the definitions and reading a solubility graph.solubility graph.
2. I can distinguish and understand 2. I can distinguish and understand the factors that effect solubiltity.the factors that effect solubiltity.– Temp., surface area, and aggitationTemp., surface area, and aggitation
Factors affecting solubilityFactors affecting solubility
Solubility-Solubility- the amount of a the amount of a substance required to form a substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specific amount of solvent at a specific temp.temp.
ex: the solubility of sugar in water is ex: the solubility of sugar in water is 204 g/100 ml of water at 20204 g/100 ml of water at 20ooC.C.
The Solution ProcessThe Solution Process
Consider a sugar solute with a Consider a sugar solute with a solubility (s) of 204 g per solubility (s) of 204 g per 100ml water. The volume in 100ml water. The volume in the diagram is 50 mL. the diagram is 50 mL.
80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml
The Solution ProcessThe Solution Process
1) 1) UnsaturatedUnsaturated solution- a solution- a solution that contains solution that contains lessless solutesolute than a saturated than a saturated solutionsolution (solubility=204g/100ml)(solubility=204g/100ml)
80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml140g/100ml 204 g/100ml
240g/100ml
The Solution ProcessThe Solution Process
2) 2) SaturatedSaturated solution- a solution- a solution that contains the solution that contains the maximummaximum amount of dissolved amount of dissolved solutesolute (solubility=204g/100ml)(solubility=204g/100ml)
80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml140g/100ml 204 g/100ml
240g/100ml
The Solution ProcessThe Solution Process3) 3) Supersaturated Supersaturated solution- a solution- a solution that contains solution that contains more more solutesolute than a saturated than a saturated solution at the same conditionssolution at the same conditions
(solubility=204g/100ml)(solubility=204g/100ml)
80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml140g/100ml 204 g/100ml
240g/100ml
Supersaturated Solution - YouTube
Solubility CurveSolubility Curve
A graph that indicates how likely a A graph that indicates how likely a solute is to dissolve in a solvent at solute is to dissolve in a solvent at any given temperature. any given temperature. #g #g solute/100 g solventsolute/100 g solvent
Label the Y axis Label the Y axis
with “solubility”with “solubility”
Factors affecting solubilityFactors affecting solubility1.1. Nature of solute/solvent Nature of solute/solvent (polarity)(polarity)
2.2. PRESSUREPRESSURE onlyonly affects the solubility of affects the solubility of gasesgases. .
pressure, increased solubility (soda)pressure, increased solubility (soda)
pressure, decreased solubility (fizz)pressure, decreased solubility (fizz)
Solubility of Solubility of liquids and solids liquids and solids is not is not changed by changes in pressure.changed by changes in pressure.
FYI… Henry’s LawFYI… Henry’s Law states that the states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the proportional to the partial pressure of partial pressure of that gasthat gas on the surface of the liquid. on the surface of the liquid. When a soda fizzes and rapidly When a soda fizzes and rapidly releases gas its called releases gas its called effervescenceeffervescence..
3. 3. TEMPERATURETEMPERATUREIncreased temp of solids solubilityIncreased temp of solids solubility
Increased temp of gases solubilityIncreased temp of gases solubility
SOLIDSGASES
Label:Label:
Unsaturated NaNOUnsaturated NaNO33
Saturated NaNOSaturated NaNO33
Supersaturated Supersaturated
NaNONaNO33
Where is solubility the Where is solubility the same?same?
Where is the gas?Where is the gas?