Prof. Mariluz Maldonado Rodríguez Geography 3rd Secondary

1. Read and listen to your language assistant:

BILL (in Spanish is called Proyecto de Ley):

Proposal for a new law drawn up by government and sent to parliament (Cortes Generales) to be studied, debated and approved or rejected.

CITIZEN:

Legally recognised subject of a country, who has the rights and responsabilities.

CONSTITUTION:

Fundamental law and principles that a country is governed by; it states who will govern the country and how, and regulates the relations between citizens and the State.

DEMOCRACY:

Comes from two Greek words: demos means 'people' and kratos means 'rule'. So democracy means 'rule by the people'. Political system in which all citizens of a country can vote and freely elect their government officials.

DICTATORSHIP:

Absolute power of the State is concentrated in one person or small group, such as an army, an ethnic group, a religious leader or a political party.

GENERAL ELECTION:

Election in which citizens vote to elect the members of parliament (In Spain is called Cortes Generales)

HEAD OF STATE:

Supreme authority of a country; this can also be the head of government or just representative without power; this person can represent the State in relations with other countries or act as an arbiter between political parties.

HEREDITARY:

Position or title that is passed from parent to child.

MAGISTRATE:

Member of a court or senior judge.

MONARCHY:

Political system in which a country is ruled by a king or queen, generally for life. They can pass power to their heirs.

NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY:

Concept that political power to govern a country belongs to the people.

POLITICAL PARTY:

Organisation of people with a common ideology with the objective of obtaining political power and taking part in government.

REFERENDUM:

Type of election in which people vote to decide on a subject that is particularly imiportant for their country.

REPUBLIC:

Form of gevernment in which the head of state is a president. It is a democracy when the president is elected by the citizens, and it is a dictatorship, when the president is elected by the group in power.

RIGHT TO PRIVATE PROPERTY:

Right to own goods and make use of them (utilise, buy or sell them, etc) within the limits established by law.

STATE:

Political organisation of a country.

THEOCRACY:

Sacred books are the law. Clerics rule the country or have considerable influence.

UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE:

Voting system in which every adult citizen has the right to vote, without restrictions.

WELFARE STATE or SOCIAL STATE:

The State intervenes in the economy to provide all citizens with an acceptable standard of living, and to lessen social inequalities. The states use money from taxes to pay for a variety of services such as education or health.

Prof. Mariluz Maldonado Rodríguez Geography 3rd Secondary

2. Translate all the vocabulary given into Spanish. You can ask to your language assistant.

BILL:

CITIZEN:

CONSTITUTION:

DEMOCRACY:

DICTATORSHIP:

GENERAL ELECTION:

HEAD OF THE STATE:

HEREDITARY:

MAGISTRATE:

MONARCHY:

NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY:

POLITICAL PARTY:

REFERENDUM:

REPUBLIC:

RIGTH TO PRIVATE PROPERTY:

STATE:

THEOCRACY:

UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE:

WELFARE STATE or SOCIAL STATE:

3. Look at the following picture and talk with your partner. Then complete the chart bellow.

4. Find the ten hidden words in the following alphabet soup.

E T A T S N D J G N D R

T H E O C R A C Y O E R

L P I J E T U T D P M Y

A A L T H W L A U T O H

C R L A I Y T B R A C C

I T D S L Z L I T C R R

T Y R P T I E F V O A A

I F P O C A K N U L C N

L L I B O U T O S E Y O

O A E T A R T S I G A M

P I H S R O T A T C I D

Solution: POLITICAL PARTY, DICTATORSHIP, DEMOCRACY, STATE, CITIZEN, REPUBLIC, MONARCHY, BILL, MAGISTRATE, THEOCRACY.

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