unit 10 lesson 1 what are fossils? - wordpress.com · 10/03/2018 · unit 10 lesson 1 what are...
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Traces of the Past
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• The preserved remains or traces of a living thing is called a fossil.
• Fossils can be made of: 1. an organism’s hard
parts, such as bones, teeth, and shells,
2. soft parts, which are tissues such as skin and organs. They are rare as bacteria break down soft tissue.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Traces of the Past
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• All living things contain the element carbon. Some plant tissues get preserved as carbon films in rock.
• Footprints are examples of trace fossils. These show that an animal was there, even though none of its parts were preserved.
• Scientists study many types of fossils to help them learn about ancient life on Earth.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Traces of the Past
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• Most fossils are found in sedimentary rock and can be formed in different ways.
1. Dead animals at the bottom of a body of water can form fossils. Sediment buries the animal, then soft parts decay and hard parts become fossils.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Traces of the Past
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
2. Minerals, like quartz, can also form fossils by replacing the shell or plant material that made up the organism. This is how petrifiedwood forms.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Traces of the Past
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
3. Mold and cast fossils are made when an organism, such as a leaf, is pressed into soft mud, leaving a hollow space called a mold.
• A cast forms if the mold is later filled with mud that hardens.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Traces of the Past
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Traces of the Past
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Traces of the Past
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Fossils That Burn
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• Coal forms from dead plants that end up at the bottom of a lake or pond. Sediment buries the plants.
• Over years, heavy layers of sediment cause the temperature and pressure underground to rise, changing plant material to coal.
• A fossil fuel is an energy-rich resource formed from the buried remains of these once-living organisms.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Fossils That Burn
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• Oil and natural gas take millions of years to form from tiny, dead sea organisms at the bottom of the ocean, where they are buried by sediment.
• The weight of sediment and water cause temperature and pressure to rise. Hydrogen and carbon are left, forming oil and natural gas.
• The oil and natural gas are pumped from the ground.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Fossils That Burn
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Fossils That Burn
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
What Fossils Tell Us
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• Scientists who study fossils to learn what life on Earth was like long ago are called paleontologists.
• Fossils show that some types of plants and animals have changed a lot, while others have hardly changed at all.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
What Fossils Tell Us
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• For example, the gingko tree, which has been around for at least 420 million years, has not changed much.
• Organisms that look as if they have not changed much over time can be called living fossils.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
What Fossils Tell Us
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• Fish have changed a lot over time. The first fish had no jaws. Later fish developed jaws and heavy armor plates. Today, fish have jaws but no armor.
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
What Fossils Tell Us
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
What Fossils Tell Us
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
What Fossils Tell Us
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Unit 10 Lesson 1 What Are Fossils?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company