unit 1 natural science living beings
TRANSCRIPT
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UNIT 1LIVING BEINGS
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What are living beings?They have cells They carry out 3
vital functions
Membrane
CytoplasmNucleus
Obtaining NutrientsUsing Substances
Eliminating Waste
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The CellsCell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Genetic Material
Eukaryotic Cells: genetic material is inside
the nucleus
Prokaryotic Cells:genetic material is in the
cytoplasm
● Surrounds the cell● Keeps cytoplasm
inside the cell● Protects the cell
● Thick liquid found inside membrane
● Home of organelles
● Found inside the nucleus
● Living beings have eukaryotic cells
● Bacteria have prokaryotic cells
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Unicellular OrganismsMade up of only one cell
Can group together to make colonies
Can not organize or coordinate
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Tissues:
Organs:
Systems:
Multicellular Organismsgroups of cells doing a specific activity
EX: muscular tissues
made of different tissues and carry out a task
EX: the heart
made of different organs and complete a function
EX: circulatory system
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The Vital Functions: NutritionHeterotrophic Nutrition
Autotrophic Nutrition
Obtaining oxygen: take in oxygen from the air or water
Using Substances: use nutrients and oxygen to grow and obtain energy
Eliminating Waste: living beings produce waste that is expelled in several different ways
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Interaction Function: AnimalsSense organs detect changes
Nervous system coordinates reactions
Locomotor system moves their bodies
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Interaction Function: PlantsPlants haven´t got sense organs, nervous system, or locomotor system
They modify or change their bodies
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Living beings produce new
individuals from parts of their bodies
Asexual Reproduction
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Two individual gametes are needed, a male and a female
Sexual Reproduction
Gametes
Male
Female
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5 Kingdoms: MoneraUnicellular
Prokaryotic
Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Nutrition
EX: Bacteria
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5 Kingdoms: ProtoctistaEukaryotic
Unicellular (protozoa, microscopic algae)
Multicellular(large algae ex: seaweed)
Heterotrophic(protozoa)
Autotrophic(algae)
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5 Kingdoms: FungiEukaryotic cells
- Surrounded by rigid cell walls
Unicellular (Ex: yeast)
Multicellular(Ex: Molds and mushrooms)
Heterotrophic nutritionObtain nutrients from remains of plants and animals
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5 Kingdoms: PlantaeMulticellular Eukaryotic cells
- Rigid cell wall
Their cells form tissuesAutotrophic nutritionEx: trees, bushes, grass
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5 Kingdoms: Animalia
Multicellular
Eukaryotic cells- No cell wall
Cells form tissuesHeterotrophic nutrition
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Classification of Humans
1
All animals belong to this group
Kingdom: Animalia
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2
All animals with a spinal column
Phylum: Chordates
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3
Animals that give birth to their young live and feed them with milk
Class: Mammals
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4
Mammals with collarbones and opposable thumbs
Order: Primates
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5
Primates with flat faces and 3 dimensional vision
Family: Hominids
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6
Hominids with upright posture and large brains
Genus: Homo
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7 Species: Homo sapiens
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Naming SpeciesHomo sapien
● First name is capitalized
● Name of the genus
● Second name begins with a small letter
● Only for that species
Using Latin words!