Unit 0 Exam and Intro to States/Phases of Matter

Agenda

10 min: Take seats, pass out exams, review instructions.

45 min: Unit 0 Exam30 min: Intro to States of Matter

Catalyst (3 min) I Do: The States of Matter (8 min) We Do: Review Energy/Heating and Cooling Diagrams

(10 min) You Do: Questions (9 min)

5 min: Closing

Exam Instructions

The test is comprised of 28 multiple choice questions.

DO NOT WRITE ON THE EXAM SHEET.Record your answers on a blank sheet of paper.When you finish, raise your hand for Ms. Hagan to

collect your examLabel your folder with your first and last name and

period. Add all papers to your folder, put in this order:

do nows/catalysts, classwork, homework and notes.

Objective and Essential Question

Objective 1: SWBAT differentiate among the four states of matter.

Objective 2: SWBAT relate the behavior of the four states of matter to the energy and motion of their particles.

Essential Question: How can we differentiate among the different states of matter in terms of the motion and energy of their particles?

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

THE SHAPE AND VOLUME OF THE

STATES OF MATTER?

Video of Solid, Liquids and Gases

GASES

Take shape and volume of their container

Particles are separated from each other

Particles move in a straight line and random manner

LIQUIDS

Have definite volume and take the shape of their containers

Particles are closely spaced

Motion is random but limited

Particles slip past and collide with near neighbors

SOLIDS

Have definite shape and volume

Particles are in fixed positions

Particles collide only with near neighbors

Notes: States of Matter

Shape Volume Compress? Energy and Motion of Particles

Solid Definite Fixed Very hard to compress

Lowest energy, lowest motion/speed

Liquid Indefinite Fixed Hard to compress

Medium energy, medium motion /peed

Gas Indefinite Volume of Container

Easy to compress

Highest energy, fastest motion/speed

QUESTION LEADS TO KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY!!

But WHY do the molecules have different energies and motions in different states?

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Theory that all matter is composed of atoms and molecules that are in constant motion

The particles move at random and are composed of kinetic energy

The more energy (heat) a particle has, the faster it will move

Gas Liquid Solid

Highest energy, fastest motion

Lowest energy, slowest motion

KMT: Ice vs. Steam

Which has a higher temperature (more heat)?Which has more energy?Which has particles that are moving faster?

STEAM ICE

VS

STEAM ICE

Molecules have high energy (temperature)

Molecules move fast and collide in a random motion

Molecules vibrateEnergy

(temperature) is low Molecules are

tightly packed

KMT: ICE vs. STEAM

SIMULATION OF KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY

http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter

We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram

Where is the energy of the particles the highest? The lowest?

Energy = Heat (temp)

We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram

What state of matter do you expect the substance to be at A and E?

Energy = Heat (temp)

We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram

A, C, and E represent the three states of matter. Draw a diagram showing how the arrangement of their particles and how they would fill a container.

Energy = Heat (temp)

Unit 1: Homework #1

1. In what way are liquids and gases alike? In what way are liquids and solids different?

2. Based on your understanding of particle motion, explain why gases take up more space than the same amount of liquid.

3. How can we describe the different states of matter in terms of the motion and energy of their particles?