unimed general assembly

UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017


Workshop

Challenges for the UNIMED Subnetwork on Food and Water: Priorities in Euro-Mediterranean research

Water management and food security issues :

in Morocco

Mohammed Bouslikhane

[email protected]

00 212 6 66 29 27 64

Tuesday 31st October 2017

mailto:[email protected]


Population 33 millions Area 710,850 sq.km Arid area 93% of territory Rainfall 80% with less than 250 mm/year Dry season 4 to 6 months/year Mountains 26% of the territory Water resources 22 billions m3 Agricultural arable land 8,7 millions Ha (12%) Irrigated area 1,5 millions Ha (16% arable) Forest land 9 million Ha (13%) of which 3,5 alfa Rangeland 53 millions Ha (74%)

Morocco in a few words


Climatic conditions

800 mm in the northern region 400 to 600 mm in the center 200 to 400 mm in the Oriental and Souss 50 and 200 mm in the South Atlas areas <50 mm in desert areas

Annual rainfall


Water ressources potentiel

Balance in billions of m3

Rainfall : 140

Water ressources Mobilized Mobilisable

Surface waters 9 18,2

Underground waters 4,3 3,8

Total 13,3 22


Water policy in Morocco: the facts

Morocco is characterized by climatic variability and the dominance of aridity.

Drought conditions and water deficit are structuralfacts.

Drought and water deficit have direct impact in agriculture and food security with subsequent economic and social consequences.

Increasing water demand and climate change would suggest rational and appropriate management approaches of water resources.


Water policy in Morocco: the national plans

National plan of dams

Water development plans

Irrigation water economy plans

Agricultural development plans (eg. Plan MarocVert)


Water policy in Morocco: major achievements

140 large dams with a capacity of 17.6 billion cubic meters

12 large dams in progress with a capacity of 2.6 billion cubic meters

13 water transfer systems

Wells and boreholes for underground water use.

Seawater desalination stations (10 Mm³ / year)

Supply of potable water: urban (94% ), rural (92%)


Plan Maroc Vert: Water management and food security of central concern

Pillar 1: Intensive and

commercial agriculture

Pillar 2: Social agriculture1. Organization of

agricultural sectors

into channels of

production (since

2008).

2. Agricultural

research and

development

strategy (2013)


IAV Hassan II:water in education curricula

Agriculture plant production engineering animal production engineering agricultural economics and management biotechnologies on plant and animal genetic improvement natural resources and environment human sciences applied Statistics and Informatics

7 departements14 laboratories

Water engineering water, environment and infrastructures agricultural hydraulics management of water resources and environment urban hydraulics infrastructures

Horticulture Master on : Water and sustainable horticulture (AGROCAMPUS OUEST and IAV)


IAV Hassan II:Center of post graduate studies

37,2

23,5

23,1

16,2

Agronomy & food sciences

VeterinarySciences

EngineeringSciences

Economic & socialsciences

1981-2001: Doctorat ès-Sciences Agronomiques (235 graduates)

2009-2017: Accredited Center of post graduate studies under the law 01.00 (4 research domains, 22 research units )

7 promotions (2010-2017)271 PhD students

52 graduted up to October 2017


IAV Hassan II: research programs

UR 16: Water resources management: water, irrigation and infrastructure

UR 22: Conservatory management of waters and soil

22Research Units

2 RU for water and water management (14%)

16 RU directly or indirectly associated to food security and food safety (72%)

4 RU for other topics (14%)


Water and food in international cooperation:(over 60% of programs)

-Australie : Ocean

Nourishment Foundation

-Japon :University of TSUKUBA

-Chine :Yunnan Agricultural U

Russie :Université Agraire d’Etat de Saratov Hongrie: Faculty of

Veterinary Science

- France : ENV Nantes , Agrocampus Ouest, VetAgro Sup, IRD, CIRAD.- Italie : Universités de Sassari, Tuscia, Poletecnico di Milano- Belgique : Universités de Liège , Ghent , Namur ,- Espagne : Universités de Jaén , Lledia , Politechnique de Valence

-USA : Universités Minnesota, Arizona

-Canada : Universités de Montréal, Laval-Québec, McGill

-Guinée: Centre de Promotion Horticole CPH de Dalaba - Sénégal: Ecole Polytechnique de Thiés- Burkina-Faso: Ecole de Formation et de perfectionnement des Travaux Publics

Algérie : INRA

Tunisie: INRA, INSAT

Arabie Saoudite : M. agriculture

140

28

2215

2

210 MOU(1975-2017)

Examples of FranceCIRADIAMMUniversité de PerpignanEcole supérieure d'Agriculture ToulouseUniversité Montpellier2INRASup agro


IAV projects in relation with water and water management (2011-2016)

Main topics• Irrigation and water management• Groundwater management• Application of GIS in the

management of irrigated perimeters

• Recycling of wastewater• Water use and climate change• Agricultural hydro facilities• Rain harvesting water• Parasitology of wastewater• Water quality

12

9

4

25

Formation Recherche Prestation Global

7

6

4

3 3

2

Org ( FAO,BADEA, GIZ,

AUF)

Ministère MA Divers Inst Afrique Bilat UE H2020

Funding sources

Purposes


Plan Maroc vert: few indicators and results (2016)

GDP of agricultural branch

Contribution to employment (global)

Contribution to employment (rural)


Plan Maroc vert: few indicators and results (2016)

Land use Evolution of irrigated surfaces (using drip)

Agricultural and food exports

For more details, visithttp://www.agriculture.gov.ma


Concluding points

Problems associated to water and food in Morocco are not different

from those prevailing in other Mediterranean countries. Great efforts

should be done in terms of regional collaboration and cooperation.

Morocco is providing a sustainable improvement model of water

economy in relation with its agricultural development ambitions. To

implement innovative techniques, it is necessary to focus on education,

research and also extension programs to be addressed to farmers

(capacity building).

As direct consequences of the agricultural development, Morocco is

expecting to face, in the near future, productions surplus in fruits and

vegetables and agricultural byproducts management. Thus, new fields

of research and development are promising for regional cooperation

(food processing, agricultural waste management,…).


Thanks for your attention

unimed general assembly

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