understanding the gender pay gapesitizberaberiz.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03... · 2019-03-08 ·...

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Providing better data that shows the reasons behind Fighting against informal employment at each age group and every level Developing specific policies for each income group Extending implementation of the legal minimum wage Extending scope of collective agreements Promoting greater representation of women in senior and highly paid positions "EQUAL PAY FOR WORK OF EQUAL VALUE" Is a Fundamental Human Right and a Global Target to be Achieved UNDERSTANDING THE GENDER PAY GAP BRASIL CHINA MEXICO ITALY TURKEY BULGARIA FRANCE ROMANIA SWEDEN 5.7% 7.8% 9.6% 11.4% 14.3% 18.0% 23.7% 25.7% WORLD AVERAGE Since the education is not the sole factor behind the gender pay gap, investigating the country specific reasons and developing policies Adopting policies to increase the labour force participation of women Promoting women's access to decent work opportunities FOR WOMEN Increasing access to education Eliminating gender-based educational and occupational stereotypes Struggling against gender stereotypes in the world of work Science Technology Engineering Mathematics women graduates Encouraging Implementing programmes to support women's return to working life after childbirth By sharing the responsibilities of women at home Extending care services Sharing family responsibilities equally Advancing paternity leave ADOPTING "EQUAL PAY FOR WORK OF EQUAL VALUE" PRINCIPLE G E N D E R P A Y G A P * FEMINIZATION RATE * HOURLY WAGE GENDER PAY GAP I T P R O F E S S I O N A L S F O O D & G A R M E N T W O R K E R S S C I E N C E P R O F E S S I O N A L S B U S I N E S S P R O F E S S I O N A L S H E A L T H P R O F E S S I O N A L S C A R E S E R V I C E S *Feminization rate is the occupation-specific share of women in the specified occupations T H E M O T H E R H O O D P A Y G A P * BRASIL BRASIL CHINA CHINA MEXICO MEXICO RUSSIA RUSSIA TURKEY TURKEY The motherhood pay gap measures the pay gap between mothers and non-mothers, aged 25-50, the latter defined as women without dependent children. THE MOTHERHOOD PAY GAP TURKEY HAS THE HIGHEST MOTHERHOOD PAY GAP 0 20 40 60 80 100 60-64 50-59 40-49 30-39 Age Groups Labour Force Participation Rate (%) 20-29 15-19 MEN WOMEN WOMEN MEN Share of Workers with University Degree or Higher (%) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 SALARIED WORKERS ALL WORKERS %41.4 %24.7 %24.7 %20.7 %28.8 WOMEN HAVE LIMITED ACCESS TO DECENT WORK AND MORE LIKELY TO BE IN INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT WOMEN WORKING IN PAID EMPLOYMENT IS WELL EDUCATED THAN MEN FEMINIZATION RATE INCREASES THE PAY GAP AND FEMINIZATION LEADS TO LOWER WAGES MOTHERHOOD INCREASES THE PAY GAP DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATION DO NOT SOLELY EXPLAIN THE PAY GAP AS LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN DECREASES, THE PAY GAP INCREASES WOMEN'S UNPAID CARE WORK INCLUDING CHILD AND ELDERLY CARE PREVENT THEM GETTING INTO PAID LABOUR AGE OF WOMEN ALSO AFFECTS THE PAY GAP THEY FACE WOMEN WORK LONGER HOURS THAN MEN HOURS OF WORK AT HOME AND WORKPLACE 7 HOURS AND 11 MINUTES 8 HOURS AND 4 MINUTES This Infographic is prepared in the scope of “More and Better Jobs for Women Programme,” implemented by the International Labour Organization (ILO) with funding from the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). The content and visual images displayed in this Infographic do not constitute an endorsement by SIDA. SIDA can’t be held responsible for any views expressed in this publication. FINDINGS ON THE GENDER PAY GAP IN TURKEY BASED ON FACTOR-WEIGHTED METHOD Women in paid employment are better educated than men Public sector employment rate of women is higher than men's When the density of these two groups are decreased, the pay gap is higher "Factor-weighted Gender Pay Gap" is a method developed by ILO to better explain the gender pay gap, taking the following factors into account for working women and men WORKING-TIME STATUS Part / Full Time SECTOR Public / Private AGE EDUCATION LEVEL The difference in average wages between women and men who are engaged in paid employment THE GENDER PAY GAP

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Page 1: UNDERSTANDING THE GENDER PAY GAPesitizberaberiz.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03... · 2019-03-08 · Technology Engineering Mathematics women graduates Encouraging Implementing programmes

Providing better data that shows the reasons behind

Fighting against informal employment at each age group and every level

Developing specific policies for each income group

Extending implementation of the legal minimum wage

Extending scope of collective agreements

Promoting greater representation of women in senior and highly paid positions

"EQUAL PAY FOR WORK OF EQUAL VALUE"Is a Fundamental Human Right and a Global Target to be Achieved

UNDERSTANDING THE GENDER PAY GAP

BR

AS

IL

CH

INA

ME

XIC

O

ITA

LY

TUR

KE

Y

BU

LGA

RIA

FR

AN

CE

RO

MA

NIA

SWE

DE

N5.

7%

7.8%

9.6

% 11.4

%

14.3

%

18.0

%

23.7

% 25.7

%

WORLD AVERAGE

Since the education is not the sole factor behind the gender pay gap, investigating the country specific reasons and developing policies

Adopting policies to increase the labour force participation of women

Promoting women's access to decent work opportunities

FOR WOMEN

Increasing access to education

Eliminating gender-based

educational and occupational stereotypes

Struggling against gender stereotypes in

the world of work

ScienceTechnology

Engineering Mathematics

women graduates

Encouraging

Implementing programmes to support women's return to working life after childbirth

By sharing the responsibilities

of women at home Extending

care servicesSharing family responsibilities

equally

Advancing paternity leave

ADOPTING "EQUAL PAY

FOR WORK OF EQUAL VALUE" PRINCIPLE

GENDER

PAY GAP*

FEMINIZATION RATE *

HOURLY WAGE GENDER PAY GAP

IT PROFESSIONALS

FOO

D &

GARMENT WORKERS SC

IENCE PROFESSIONALS

BU

SINESS PROFESSION

ALS HEA

LTH PROFESSIONALS

CARE SERVICES

*Feminization rate is the occupation-specific share of women in the specified occupations

THE

MOTHERHOOD PAY G

AP

*

BRASILBRASIL CHINACHINA MEXICOMEXICORUSSIARUSSIATURKEYTURKEY

The motherhood pay gap measures the pay gap between mothers and non-mothers, aged 25-50, the latter defined as women without dependent children.

THE MOTHERHOOD PAY GAP TURKEY

HAS THE HIGHEST MOTHERHOOD PAY GAP

0

20

40

60

80

100

60-6450-5940-4930-39Age Groups

Lab

our

Fo

rce

Par

tici

pat

ion

Rat

e (%

)

20-2915-19

MEN

WOMEN

WOMEN MEN

Share of Workers with University Degree or Higher (%)

05

1015

202530354045

SALARIED WORKERS ALL WORKERS

%4

1.4

%24

.7

%24

.7

%20

.7%28

.8

WOMEN HAVE LIMITED ACCESS TO DECENT WORK AND MORE LIKELY TO BE IN INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT

WOMEN WORKING IN PAID EMPLOYMENT IS WELL EDUCATED THAN MEN

FEMINIZATION RATE INCREASES THE PAY GAP AND FEMINIZATION

LEADS TO LOWER WAGES

MOTHERHOOD INCREASES THE PAY GAPDIFFERENCES IN EDUCATION DO NOT SOLELY EXPLAIN THE PAY GAP

AS LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN DECREASES, THE PAY GAP INCREASES

WOMEN'S UNPAID CARE WORK INCLUDING CHILD AND ELDERLY CARE PREVENT THEM GETTING INTO PAID LABOUR

AGE OF WOMEN ALSO AFFECTS THE PAY GAP THEY FACE

WOMEN WORK LONGER HOURS THAN MEN

HOURS OF WORK AT HOME AND

WORKPLACE

7 HOURSAND 11 MINUTES

8 HOURSAND 4 MINUTES

This Infographic is prepared in the scope of “More and Better Jobs for Women Programme,” implemented by

the International Labour Organization (ILO) with funding from the Swedish International Development

Cooperation Agency (SIDA).

The content and visual images displayed in this Infographic do not constitute an endorsement by

SIDA. SIDA can’t be held responsible for any views expressed in this publication.

FINDINGS ON THE GENDER PAY GAP IN TURKEY

BASED ON FACTOR-WEIGHTED METHOD

Women in paid employment are better educated than men

Public sector employment rate of women is higher than men's

When the density of these two groups are decreased, the pay gap is higher

"Factor-weighted Gender Pay Gap" is a method developed by ILO to better explain the gender pay

gap, taking the following factors into account for working women and men

WORKING-TIMESTATUS

Part / Full Time

SECTORPublic / Private

AGEEDUCATION LEVEL

The difference in averagewages between

women and men who are engaged in paid

employment

THE GENDER PAY GAP