Understanding Understanding StrokeStroke

__

It’s A State of Mind!

Be Stroke SmartBe Stroke Smart

Recognize Stroke Symptoms

Reduce Stroke Risk

Respond – Call 911When warning signs occur

The 3 R’s of Stroke

Stroke is the MOST preventable of allcatastrophic medical conditions

Definition of StrokeDefinition of Stroke• Sudden brain damage• Lack of blood flow to the brain caused by a clot or

rupture of a blood vessel

• Ischemic- Most common

• Hemorrhagic- Bleeding around brain- Bleeding into brain

Prominent PeopleProminent PeopleWho Had StrokesWho Had Strokes

• Sharon Stone

• Luther Van Dross

• Mary Kay Ash

• Kirk Douglas

• Roy Horn – Seigfried & Roy

• President Gerald Ford

• Robert Guillaume

• Della Reese

• Charles Schultz

• Ted Williams

Stroke Facts in AmericaStroke Facts in America

• Third leading cause of death in the United States

• 750,000 Americans suffer strokes each year

• 160,000 deaths each year

• 4,000,000 stroke survivors

Stroke Facts in AmericaStroke Facts in America• A leading cause of adult disability

• Up to 80% of 600,000 strokes are preventable

• Every 45 seconds, someone suffers a stroke

• Twice as many women die from stroke every year than from breast cancer

African Americans & African Americans & StrokeStroke

• Incidence is nearly double that of white Americans

• Suffer more extensive physical impairments

• Twice as likely to die from stroke

• High incidence of risk factors for stroke– Hypertension– Diabetes– Obesity– Smoking– Sickle cell anemia

Women & StrokeWomen & Stroke

• Stroke kills more than twice as many American women every year as breast cancer

• More women than men die from stroke

• Women over age 30 who smoke and take high-estrogen oral contraceptives have a stroke risk 22 times higher than average

Stroke SymptomsStroke Symptoms

Sever headache

Trouble seeingIn one or both eyes

Sudden dizziness

Sudden numbness

Sudden confusionTrouble speaking

If you see someone having any of these symptomsCall 911 every minute counts

TIA or Mini-StrokeTIA or Mini-Stroke

• Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are a warning sign of stroke

• Symptoms of TIAs are the same as for stroke• Symptoms resolve within minutes to hours• Over 1/3 all persons who experience TIA will go

on to have a full stroke

The Perceptions of The Perceptions of StrokeStrokeMYTH

• Stroke is not preventable

• Stroke cannot be treated

• Stroke only strikes the elderly

• Stroke happens in the heart

• Stroke recovery ends after 6 months

REALITY• Up to 80% percent of strokes

are preventable• Stroke requires emergency

treatment

• Anyone can have a stroke

• Stroke is a “Brain Attack”

• Stroke recovery can last a lifetime

The Cost of StrokeThe Cost of Stroke

Indirect Costs38%

$20 BillionDirect Costs

62% $33 Billion

$53.6 Billion Annually

Up to 80% of strokes Up to 80% of strokes are preventable!are preventable!

NSA developed these guidelines to help people reduce their risk for stroke…

NSA’s Stroke NSA’s Stroke Prevention GuidelinesPrevention Guidelines

1. Know your blood pressure. Have it checked at least annually. If it is elevated, work with your doctor to control it.

1. Find out if you have atrial fibrillation, a type of irregular heart beat.

1. If you smoke, stop.

NSA’s Stroke NSA’s Stroke Prevention GuidelinesPrevention Guidelines

(continued)(continued)

4. If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation.

5. If you have high cholesterol, work with your doctor to control it.

6. If you are diabetic, follow your doctor’s recommendations carefully to control your diabetes.

NSA’s Stroke NSA’s Stroke Prevention GuidelinesPrevention Guidelines

(continued)(continued)

7. Include exercise in the activities you enjoy in your daily routine

1. Enjoy a lower sodium (salt), lower fat diet

1. Work with your doctor if you have circulation problems

10. If you experience any stroke symptoms, seek immediate medical attention. Call 911.

Reasons Patients Don’t Reasons Patients Don’t Seek Immediate Seek Immediate TreatmentTreatment

• Don’t recognize symptoms

• Don’t want fears confirmed – denial

• Think nothing can be done – not an emergency

• Worried about cost

• Think symptoms will disappear

• Fear of hospitals

Acute Stroke TreatmentAcute Stroke Treatment

• Clot Busters

– T-PA

• First FDA-approved stroke treatment

• Brain Protectors

– Neuroprotectants

• Neuroprotectants are still in clinical trial in the research and development phase

Percentage of Patients Percentage of Patients Returning to work after Returning to work after

StrokeStroke

49 39 5233

80100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

All Ages 60-65 50-59 40-49 30-39 20-29

Stroke RecoveryStroke Recovery

• 10% of stroke survivors recover almost completely

• 25% recover with minor impairments• 40% experience moderate to severe impairments

requiring special care• 10% require care in a skilled care or other long-term

care facility

• 15% die shortly after the stroke

Types of Stroke Types of Stroke RehabilitationRehabilitation

• Physical Therapy (PT)– Walking, range of movement

• Occupational Therapy (OT)– Taking care of one’s self

• Speech Language

• Therapy– Communication skill, swallowing, cognition

• Recreational Therapy– Cooking, gardening etc.

Life at Home for Stroke Life at Home for Stroke Survivors and FamilySurvivors and Family

• Behavior

• Depression & Anger

• Emotional Liability

• One-sided Neglect

• Memory Loss

• Communication Problems

Life at Home for StrokeLife at Home for StrokeSurvivors and FamilySurvivors and Family

• Daily living skills

• Dressing and grooming

• Diet, nutrition and eating difficulties

• Skin care problems

• Pain

• Sexuality/Intimacy

Recovery ServicesRecovery Services

• Rehabilitation Unit in the Hospital

• In-patient Rehabilitation Facility

• Home Bound Therapy

• Home with Outpatient Therapy

• Long-term Care Facility

• Community-based Programs

Reduce the Impact of Reduce the Impact of StrokeStroke

• Stroke is a Brain Attack!– Preventable and treatable

• 3 R’s of Stroke– Reduce Risk

– Recognize Stroke Symptoms

– Respond immediately by calling 911

National Stroke National Stroke AssociationAssociation

• Reducing the Incidence and Impact of Stroke

• Prevention and Public Education

• Professional Education and Training

• Advancing Stroke Research

• Resource for Stroke Survivors and Caregivers

NSA MaterialsNSA Materials

National StrokeNational Stroke Association Association

Toll – free information

1-800-STROKES (787-6537)

Comprehensive web site

www.stroke.org